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Specialty: Endocrinology

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Total 648 results found since Jan 2013.

TSH activates macrophage inflammation by G13 and G15-dependent pathways
This study investigated the G protein subtypes responsible for the pro-inflammatory effect of TSH on macrophages. qPCR showed that Gi2, Gi3, Gas, Gq, G11, G12, G13, G15 are abundantly expressed by macrophages. The contribution of different G-protein pathways to the pro-inflammatory effect was studied by the corresponding inhibitors or siRNA interference. While TSH-induced IκB phosphorylation was not inhibited by Gs inhibitor NF449, Gi inhibitor pertussis toxin, Gq or G11 siRNA, it was blocked by phospholipase C inhibitor U73122 or G15 siRNA interference. TSH-induced ERK and P38 phosphorylation was blocked by G13 but not G...
Source: Endocrinology - April 14, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Chongbo Yang Zhao He Qunye Zhang Ming Lu Jiajun Zhao Wenbin Chen Ling Gao Source Type: research

Intracellular Progesterone Receptor and cSrc Protein Working Together to Regulate the Activity of Proteins Involved in Migration and Invasion of Human Glioblastoma Cells
Glioblastomas are the most common and aggressive primary brain tumors in adults, and patients with glioblastoma have a median survival of 15 months. Some alternative therapies, such as Src family kinase inhibitors, have failed presumably because other signaling pathways compensate for their effects. In the last ten years, it has been proven that sex hormones such as progesterone (P4) can induce growth, migration, and invasion of glioblastoma cells through its intracellular progesterone receptor (PR), which is mostly known for its role as a transcription factor, but it can also induce non-genomic actions. These non-classic ...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - March 26, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

In silico, in vitro and in vivo analysis identifies endometrial circadian clock genes in recurrent implantation failure
CONCLUSION: Aberrant expression of endometrial PER2 might contribute to impaired endometrial receptivity and development of RIF via regulating SHTN1, KLF5, and STEAP4.PMID:33619544 | DOI:10.1210/clinem/dgab119
Source: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - February 23, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Junyu Zhai Shang Li Jingwen Hu Minzhi Gao Yun Sun Zi-Jiang Chen Linda C Giudice Yanzhi Du Source Type: research

Multifunctional Applications of Engineered Extracellular Vesicles in the Treatment of Cancer.
Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key players of intercellular communication in the physiological and pathological setting. In cancer, EVs mediate complex signaling mechanisms between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME), and can influence tumor progression and the response to existing therapies. Importantly, EVs can be loaded with therapeutic agents and modified to display tumor-targeting molecules. In the field of nanomedicine, EVs have been engineered to serve as therapeutic delivery vehicles for several anticancer agents, including antibodies, chemotherapy, compounds, CRISPR/Cas9 (clustere...
Source: Endocrinology - February 12, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Kugeratski FG, McAndrews KM, Kalluri R Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Lipocalin-2: a role in hepatic gluconeogenesis via AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)
ConclusionThe present study demonstrates that LCN2 regulates insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism through inhibiting AMPK activity, and regulating FoxO1 and its downstream genes PEPCK/G6P, which regulate hepatic gluconeogenesis.
Source: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation - January 9, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Multifunctional Applications of Engineered Extracellular Vesicles in the Treatment of Cancer.
Abstract Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key players of intercellular communication in physiological and pathological conditions. In cancer, EVs mediate complex signaling mechanisms between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment, and can influence tumor progression and the response to existing therapies. Importantly, EVs can be loaded with therapeutic agents and modified to display tumor-targeting molecules. In the field of nanomedicine, EVs have been engineered to serve as therapeutic delivery vehicles for several anti-cancer agents, including antibodies, chemotherapy, compounds, CRISPR/Cas9 and siRNA. Nota...
Source: Endocrinology - January 7, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Kugeratski FG, McAndrews KM, Kalluri R Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Recombinant Thrombomodulin Attenuates Preeclamptic Symptoms by Inhibiting High Mobility Group Box 1 in Mice.
Abstract Preeclampsia (PE) is a common gestational complication that involves systemic endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory responses primarily due to placental damage. Recombinant thrombomodulin (rTM), a novel anti-coagulant clinically used for disseminated intravascular coagulation, is reported to have a unique anti-inflammatory endothelial repair function by inhibiting proinflammatory mediator high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). Despite the severe patient outcomes, there are currently no effective therapeutic to treat PE. Here, we verified the efficacy of rTM as a novel therapeutic agent for PE using a murin...
Source: Endocrinology - January 6, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Oda H, Nagamatsu T, Schust DJ, Cabral H, Miyazaki T, Iriyama T, Kawana K, Osuga Y, Fujii T Tags: Endocrinology Source Type: research

DPP4 gene silencing inhibits proliferation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells through suppression of the MAPK pathway
ConclusionCollectively, the present study demonstrated that DPP4 gene silencing inhibits PTC cell proliferation and EMT and promotes cell apoptosis via suppression of the MAPK pathway, thus highlighting a possible regulatory pathway in PTC progression.
Source: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation - January 2, 2021 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Involvement of clock gene expression, bone morphogenetic protein and activin in adrenocortical steroidogenesis by human H295R cells.
Authors: Soejima Y, Iwata N, Nakano Y, Yamamoto K, Suyama A, Nada T, Ogawa H, Otsuka F Abstract Functional interactions between the levels of clock gene expression and adrenal steroidogenesis were studied in human adrenocortical H295R cells. Fluctuations of Bmal1, Clock, Per2 and Cry1 mRNA levels were found in H295R cells treated with forskolin (FSK) in a serum-free condition. The changes of clock gene expression levels were diverged, with Clock mRNA level being significantly higher than Cry1 and Per2 mRNA levels after 12-h stimulation with FSK. After FSK induction, mRNA levels of StAR and CYP11B2 were highest at 1...
Source: Endocrine Journal - October 9, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Endocr J Source Type: research

The transcription factor NF- κB mediates thyrotropin-stimulated expression of thyroid differentiation markers.
CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our results point to NF-κB being a pivotal mediator in the TSH-induced thyroid follicular cell differentiation, a relevant finding with potential physiological and pathophysiological implications. . PMID: 32935630 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association - September 18, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Thyroid Source Type: research

β-arrestin 2 Is a Prognostic Factor for Survival of Ovarian Cancer Patients Upregulating Cell Proliferation
Establishing reliable prognostic factors as well as specific targets for new therapeutic approaches is an urgent requirement in advanced ovarian cancer. For several tumor entities, the ubiquitously spread scaffold protein β-arrestin 2, a multifunctional scaffold protein regulating signal transduction and internalization of activated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), has been considered with rising interest for carcinogenesis. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the prognostic impact of β-arrestin 2 and its functional role in ovarian cancer. β-arrestin 2 expression was analyzed in a subset of 156 samples of ovarian cance...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - September 17, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Thioredoxin-interacting protein: a critical link between autophagy disorders and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction
This study aimed to elucidate the influence of TXNIP on the autophagy of β-cell. In this study, C57BL/6 mice and TXNIP−/− mice were fed with a standard diet (SD) or a high-fat and high-sugar diet (HFSD), and then we analysed biochemical and autophagy related indexes in the mice. We infected MIN6 cells with LV-TXNIP and siRNA TXNIP, then the cells were treated with free fatty acid (FFA), autophagic activator rapamycin (RAP), inhibitors of autophagy chloroquine (CQ) and bafilomycin A1(BAF), finally, we examined the changes of autophagy in MIN6 cells. The results showed that HFSD led to β-cell dysfunction and autophagy ...
Source: Endocrine - September 5, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research