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Total 79 results found since Jan 2013.

Stem Cell Therapy and Hydrogen Sulfide: Conventional or Nonconventional Mechanisms of Action?
Conclusions: Knocking down conventional H2S-producing enzymes only impacted gas production in normoxic conditions. When cells were transfected in hypoxic conditions, as would be expected in the ischemic intestines, H2S gas was not depressed. These data, along with unchanged perfusion and histological injury parameters with conventional enzyme knockdown, would indicate that alternative H2S production pathways may be initiated during hypoxic and/or ischemic events.
Source: Shock - May 16, 2020 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Basic Science Aspects Source Type: research

Normothermic Preservation of Liver - What Does the Future Hold?
Authors: Bral M, Shapiro AMJ Abstract Recent years have demonstrated a surging interest in normothermic ex situ liver perfusion, with iterative experimental and clinical studies establishing this technology as providing obvious advantages over static cold storage. In particular, the safe prolongation of liver graft preservation even up to 1 week opens up possibilities of 'on circuit' interventions, which may radically change the logistics and scope of liver transplant practice. Such approaches are rife with potential, and have yet to be fully explored. Possibilities may include, but are not limited to mitochondria...
Source: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology - April 15, 2020 Category: Research Tags: Adv Exp Med Biol Source Type: research

A proton-coupled organic cation antiporter is involved in the blood-brain barrier transport of aconitum alkaloids
ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that a novel proton-coupled organic cation antiporter plays a predominant role in the blood to brain influx of AC, MA and HA at the BBB, and thus affect the safety of Aconitum species.Graphical abstract
Source: Journal of Ethnopharmacology - January 20, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

HIF-1 α contributes to Ang II-induced inflammatory cytokine production in podocytes.
CONCLUSION: Collectively, our results suggest that HIF-1α participates in the inflammatory response process caused by Ang II and that downregulation of HIF-1α may be able to partially protect or reverse inflammatory injury in podocytes. PMID: 31623681 [PubMed - in process]
Source: BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology - October 20, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: BMC Pharmacol Toxicol Source Type: research

Liver-specific Bid silencing inhibits APAP-induced cell death in mice
In conclusion, the liver-specific silencing of Bid expression did not protect APAP-exposed mice from microcirculatory dysfunction, but markedly protected the liver from necrotic cell death and in consequence from sterile inflammation. The study contributes to the understanding of the molecular mechanism of the APAP-induced pathogenic pathway by strengthening the importance of Bid and Bid silencing associated effects.
Source: Apoptosis - September 30, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

ZYZ-803, a novel hydrogen sulfide-nitric oxide conjugated donor, promotes angiogenesis via cross-talk between STAT3 and CaMKII.
In this study, we investigated whether the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) signaling was involved in ZYZ-803-induced angiogenesis. Treatment with ZYZ-803 (1 μM) significantly increased the phosphorylation of STAT3 (Tyr705) and CaMKII (Thr286) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), these two effects had a similar time course. Pretreatment with WP1066 (STAT3 inhibitor) or KN93 (CAMKII inhibitor) blocked ZYZ-803-induced STAT3/CAMKII activation and significantly suppressed the proliferation and migration of HUVECs. In addition, pretrea...
Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica - July 16, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Xiong Y, Chang LL, Tran B, Dai T, Zhong R, Mao YC, Zhu YZ Tags: Acta Pharmacol Sin Source Type: research

Sequential Targeting TGF ‐β Signaling and KRAS Mutation Increases Therapeutic Efficacy in Pancreatic Cancer
Fraxinellone ‐loaded CGKRK‐modified nanoparticles are prepared for regulating transforming growth factor beta signals in the suppressive tumor microenvironment. Based on this, the dense stroma is modulated and the intratumor blood perfusion is enhanced, meaning the delivery barrier of the following siRNA ‐loaded lipid‐coated calcium phosphate (LCP) biomimetic high‐density lipoprotein nanoparticles (siKras‐LCP‐ApoE3) are internalized and specifically silence KRAS mutation and kill cancer cells. AbstractPancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy that strongly resists extant treatments. The failure of e...
Source: Small - June 13, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Yuanyuan Pei, Liang Chen, Yukun Huang, Jiahao Wang, Jingxian Feng, Minjun Xu, Yu Chen, Qingxiang Song, Gan Jiang, Xiao Gu, Qian Zhang, Xiaoling Gao, Jun Chen Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

miR-33-5p knockdown attenuates abdominal aortic aneurysm progression via promoting target adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter A1 expression and activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
CONCLUSION: This study has found that knockdown of miR-33-5p induced ABCA1 expression and promoted inflammatory cytokines and cholesterol efflux likely via activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. PMID: 31170866 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Perfusion - June 5, 2019 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Zhao L, Huang J, Zhu Y, Han S, Qing K, Wang J, Feng Y Tags: Perfusion Source Type: research

OGR1 mediates the inhibitory effects of acidic environment on proliferation and angiogenesis of endothelial progenitor cells.
This study attempted to whether OGR1 mediates the effects of acid on proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis in EPCs. FITC-UEA-I and Dil-Ac-LDL double-staining methods were used to identify EPCs. Expression of OGR1 was analyzed by RT-PCR and western blot after incubation in media ranging in pH, cell counting kit-8 and cell cycle analysis were used to analyze proliferation and cell cycle distribution. Scratch test, transwell migration assay, and tube formation experiments were performed to analyze migration and vascularization of EPCs after silencing OGR1 with siRNA. The result show EPCs were positive for FITC-UEA-I and ...
Source: Cell Biology International - May 21, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Ding S, Xu J, Zhang Q, Chen F, Zhang J, Gui K, Xiong M, Li B, Ruan Z, Zhao M Tags: Cell Biol Int Source Type: research

Engineered Extracellular Vesicles From Human Periodontal-Ligament Stem Cells Increase VEGF/VEGFR2 Expression During Bone Regeneration
Conclusion In conclusion our results evidenced that 3D-COL/hPDLSCs/PEI-EVs may be an efficacious strategy to induce bone regeneration and vascularization of bone defects, thanks to its capacity to increase the levels of VEGF. Ethics Statement The study was performed in accordance with the guidelines of the Helsinki Declaration (2013). The written approval for the human periodontal ligament collection performed in this study has been obtained from the Medical Ethics Committee at the Medical School, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy (n°266/17.04.14, Principal in...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 29, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Sequential Targeting TGF ‐β Signaling and KRAS Mutation Increases Therapeutic Efficacy in Pancreatic Cancer
Fraxinellone ‐loaded CGKRK‐modified nanoparticles are prepared for regulating transforming growth factor beta signals in the suppressive tumor microenvironment. Based on this, the dense stroma is modulated and the intratumor blood perfusion is enhanced, meaning the delivery barrier of the following siRNA ‐loaded lipid‐coated calcium phosphate (LCP) biomimetic high‐density lipoprotein nanoparticles (siKras‐LCP‐ApoE3) are internalized and specifically silence KRAS mutation and kill cancer cells. AbstractPancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy that strongly resists extant treatments. The failure of e...
Source: Small - April 28, 2019 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Yuanyuan Pei, Liang Chen, Yukun Huang, Jiahao Wang, Jingxian Feng, Minjun Xu, Yu Chen, Qingxiang Song, Gan Jiang, Xiao Gu, Qian Zhang, Xiaoling Gao, Jun Chen Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Tangshen Formula Alleviates Hepatic Steatosis by Inducing Autophagy Through the AMPK/SIRT1 Pathway
Conclusion In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that autophagy was involved in relieving the effects of TSF against NAFLD, which were mediated by the AMPK/SIRT1 pathway (Figure 7D). These findings may improve our current understanding of the role of TSF in treating hepatic steatosis and provide an experimental basis for the clinical application of TSF in NAFLD and its related metabolic syndrome. Ethics Statement This study was carried out in accordance with the recommendations in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals of the National Institutes of Health. The protocol was approved by the Ethics Co...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 25, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

NF κB and Kidney Injury
Conclusion As a critical regulator of inflammation and cell survival, the NFκB pathway is a promising target for diagnosing and treating kidney diseases. For modulation of the NFκB pathway in the clinic, a number of molecules can effectively inhibit NFκB signaling by targeting the receptors, associated adaptors, IKKs, IκBs and transcriptional regulators (144). There is further clinical evidence on small-molecule inhibitors of IKKα and NIK from recent trials on anti-cancer therapies (145). These clinical trials showed that the cancer-selective pharmacodynamic response of DTP3, the co...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 15, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Intestinal Epithelial Tight Junction Barrier regulation by Autophagy related protein ATG6/beclin 1.
Abstract Defective tight junction (TJ) barrier is a key pathogenic factor for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Previously, we have shown that autophagy, a cell survival mechanism, enhances intestinal epithelial TJ barrier function. Autophagy related protein ATG6/beclin 1, a key protein in the autophagy pathway, also plays a role in the endocytic pathway. The constitutive role of beclin 1 in intestinal TJ barrier is not known. In Caco-2 cells, beclin 1 was found to be co-immunoprecipitated with the TJ protein occludin and co-localized with occludin on the membrane. Treatment of Caco-2 cells with beclin 1 peptide (Tat-be...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - March 19, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Wong M, Ganapathy AS, Suchanec E, Laidler L, Ma T, Nighot PK Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research