Alda-1 treatment alleviates lung injury after cardiac arrest and resuscitation in swine
Conclusions: Alda-1 treatment was effective to alleviate lung injury after CA/CPR in a swine model, in which the protective role was possibly related to the inhibition of cell apoptosis and ferroptosis. It might provide a novel therapeutic target and a feasible therapeutic drug for lung protection after CA/CPR. (Source: Shock)
Source: Shock - November 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Basic Science Aspects Source Type: research

Potential cardioprotective effect of genipin via cyclooxidase 2 suppression and p53 signal pathway attenuation in induced myocardial infarction in rats
Conclusions: This study showed the cardioprotective mechanism of genipin and implied its potential clinical application for the treatment of ischemic heart failure. (Source: Shock)
Source: Shock - November 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Basic Science Aspects Source Type: research

Regulatory role of noncoding rna in sepsis and sepsis-associated organ dysfunction: an updated systematic review
Conclusion: This review suggests that ncRNAs could be good biomarkers and therapeutic candidates for sepsis and SAOD. Prospective, large-scale, and multicenter cohort studies should be performed to evaluate specific ncRNAs as biomarkers and test the organ-specific delivery of these regulatory molecules when used as therapeutic targets. (Source: Shock)
Source: Shock - November 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Basic Science Aspects Source Type: research

Hydrocortisone, ascorbic acid, and thiamine therapy decrease renal oxidative stress and acute kidney injury in murine sepsis
Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs frequently in septic patients and correlates with increased mortality. Because clinical studies investigating hydrocortisone, ascorbic acid, and thiamine (HAT) have demonstrated discordant results, studies were performed using mortality stratification for therapy to identify candidates for therapy and determine mechanisms of organ injury. Methods: Sepsis was induced using the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model of sepsis with fluid and antibiotic support. Heart rate (HR) measurements obtained 6 hours after CLP stratified mice into live predicted (P-Live) or die predicted (P-...
Source: Shock - November 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Basic Science Aspects Source Type: research

Lipopolysaccharide-preconditioned mesenchymal stem cell transplantation attenuates critical persistent inflammation immune suppression and catabolism syndrome in mice
Conclusions: MSC1s can protect mice against critical PIICS, partly by enhancing CD8+ T-cell function. Therefore, MSC1 transplantation is a novel therapeutic candidate for PIICS. (Source: Shock)
Source: Shock - November 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Basic Science Aspects Source Type: research

Usp25 upregulation boosts gsdmd-mediated pyroptosis of acinar cells in acute pancreatitis
This study expounded on the role of USP25 in pyroptosis of acinar cells in AP. Acinar cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and caerulein (CRE) to induce AP. Afterward, the expression patterns of USP25, microRNA (miR)-10a-5p, and Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) in acinar cells were examined. Then, acinar cell viability and levels of NLR family pyrin-domain containing 3 (NLRP3), cleaved caspase-1, cleaved N-terminal gasdermin D (GSDMD-N), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18 were determined. We observed that USP25 was highly expressed in AP models, and silencing USP25 increased cell viability and inhibited pyroptosis of...
Source: Shock - November 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Basic Science Aspects Source Type: research

Mild traumatic brain injury attenuates pneumonia-induced lung injury by modulations of alveolar macrophage bactericidal activity and m1 polarization
In this study, we used a murine model of MTBI and pneumonia (Pseudomonas aeruginosa;) to explore the relationship between these conditions and the underlying mechanism. Methods: Mice (n = 104) were divided into control, MTBI, pneumonia, and MTBI + pneumonia groups. MTBI was induced by the weight-drop method. Pneumonia was induced by intratracheal injection with P. aeruginosa Xen5 strain. Animals were killed 24 h after bacterial challenging. Histological, cellular, and molecular indices of brain and lung injury were assessed using various methods. Results: Mice in both the MTBI and pneumonia groups had more Fluoro-Jade C–...
Source: Shock - November 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Basic Science Aspects Source Type: research

Bacterial pathogen–associated molecular patterns upregulate human glucocorticoid receptor expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells
It is well known that bacterial components (pathogen-associated molecular patterns [PAMPs]) induce a proinflammatory response through pattern recognition receptor signaling. What is not known, however, is how the inflammatory response is downregulated. We hypothesize that bacterial products initiate compensatory anti-inflammatory responses by inducing expression of the human glucocorticoid receptor (hGR). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from leukocytes concentrated from single human donors (Leukopaks). PBMCs were treated with a gram-negative bacterial component, LPS, or gram-positive bacterial comp...
Source: Shock - November 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Clinical Science Aspects Source Type: research

Mir-199a-5p regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of degenerative nucleus pulposus cells through the cdkn1b/nf-Κb axis
Intervertebral disc degeneration is a multifactorial pathological disease. miR-199a-5p is exceedingly implicated in regulating degenerative nucleus pulposus cell (DNPC). We explored the roles of miR-199a-5p in DNPCs. Cell morphology and Collagen II–positive expression were observed. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and Bax and Bcl-2 levels were assessed. miR-199a-5p inhibitor, pcDNA3.1-CDKN1B, or si-CDKN1B was transfected into DNPCs. miR-199a-5p and CDKN1B expressions were detected. The binding relationship between miR-199a-5p and CDKN1B was verified. DNPCs with silenced miR-199a-5p and CDKN1B were treated with PDTC. The n...
Source: Shock - November 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Clinical Science Aspects Source Type: research

Late postpancreaticoduodenectomy hemorrhage: incidence, risk factors, management and outcome
Background:Postpancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) hemorrhage (PPH) is a life-threatening complication after PD. The main objective of this study was to evaluate incidence and factors associated with late PPH as well as the management strategy and outcomes. Methods: Between May 2017 and March 2020, clinical data from 192 patients undergoing PD were collected prospectively in the CHIRPAN Database (NCT02871336) and retrospectively analyzed. In our institution, all patients scheduled for a PD are routinely admitted for monitoring and management in intensive/intermediate care unit (ICU/IMC). Results: The incidence of late PPH was 17%...
Source: Shock - November 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Clinical Science Aspects Source Type: research

Infrared thermography–based body-surface thermal inhomogeneity monitoring to assess the severity of hypoperfusion in critically ill patients
Conclusions: Body-surface thermal inhomogeneity provided a noninvasive and accurate assessment of the severity of critically ill patients at high risk of hypoperfusion. (Source: Shock)
Source: Shock - November 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Clinical Science Aspects Source Type: research

Incidence, risk factors, and outcome of suspected central venous catheter-related infections in critically ill covid-19 patients: a multicenter retrospective cohort study
Conclusions: This study shows that in critically ill patients with COVID-19, prevalence and incidence of suspected catheter-related infection are high, prone ventilation is a risk factor, and mortality is higher in case of catheter-related infection. (Source: Shock)
Source: Shock - November 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Clinical Science Aspects Source Type: research

Impella versus extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in cardiogenic shock: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusions: In patients with CS, the use of Impella is associated with lower rates of in-hospital mortality, bleeding, and stroke than ECMO. Future randomized studies with adequate sample sizes are needed to confirm these findings. (Source: Shock)
Source: Shock - November 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Effects of 2-methyl-2-thiazoline on circulatory dynamics and intestinal vascular system in rabbits with endotoxic shock
This study aimed to evaluate changes in systemic circulation and in superior mesenteric venous (SMV) blood flow and jejunal mucosal tissue blood flow of the intestinal vascular system over time after administration of 2MT in rabbits with endotoxic shock. We created four groups (n = 6 each): control group, LPS (1 mg/kg) group, 2MT (80 mg/kg) group, and LPS-2MT group. As indicators of circulation, we measured MAP, heart rate, cardiac index, lactic acid level, SMV blood flow, and jejunal mucosal tissue blood flow every 30 min from 0 to 240 min. The drop in MAP observed in the LPS group was suppressed by 2MT administration. Su...
Source: Shock - October 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Basic Science Aspects Source Type: research

Intestinal damage and immune response after experimental blunt abdominal trauma
In conclusion, we detected early morphological intestinal damage associated with high, early detectable intestinal fatty acid–binding protein plasma levels, and a considerable time- and dose-dependent impairment of the gut-blood barrier in a newly established mouse model of blunt AT. It appears to be a sufficient model for further studies of the intestinal immunopathophysiological consequences of AT and the evaluation of novel therapeutic approaches. (Source: Shock)
Source: Shock - October 1, 2022 Category: Emergency Medicine Tags: Basic Science Aspects Source Type: research