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Total 217 results found since Jan 2013.

Apprehending Ulcerative Colitis Management With Springing Up Therapeutic Approaches: Can Nanotechnology Play a Nascent Role?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewUlcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disorder that causes inflammation in the colon and rectum and can be lethal to the patients. The dysbiotic intestinal microbiome is considered a major factor of UC, yet it needs more evidences. As there is no cure for UC, anti-inflammatory drugs, potent steroids, immunomodulatory drugs, or even surgery is used to manage the disease. The purpose of this review is to focus on the underlying factors involved in the disease pathogenicity, including host gut microbiome and novel therapies for treatment of UC.Recent FindingsDue to disruption of inte...
Source: Current Pathobiology Reports - January 6, 2021 Category: Laboratory Medicine Source Type: research

Shikonin Ameliorates LPS-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction by SIRT1-Dependent Inhibition of NLRP3 Inflammasome
This study aims to explore the protective effects of SHI on LPS-induced myocardial injury and its mechanism. The LPS-induced cardiac dysfunction mouse model was employed to investigate the protective effects of SHI. In the present study, we found that SHI treatment improved the survival rate and cardiac function and remarkably ameliorated the release of inflammatory cytokines and macrophage infiltration in heart tissue of LPS-treated mice. SHI also reduced lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and cardiac troponin (cTn) release, cell inflammation, and apoptosis in LPS plus adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-treated H9c2 cells. In addition...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - October 16, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 25, Pages 4591: Magnolol Enhances the Therapeutic Effects of TRAIL through DR5 Upregulation and Downregulation of c-FLIP and Mcl-1 Proteins in Cancer Cells
Kwon Magnolol is a biologically active compound, isolated from the Chinese herb Magnolia, that regulates antiproliferative, anticancer, antiangiogenic and antimetastatic activities. We found that magnolol sensitizes TRAIL-induced apoptotic cell death via upregulation of DR5 and downregulation of cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) and Mcl-1 in cancer cells, but not in normal cells. Mechanistically, magnolol increased ATF4-dependent DR5 expression at the transcription level, and knockdown of ATF4 markedly inhibited magnolol-induced DR5 upregulation. Silencing DR5 with siRNA prevented combined treatment with magn...
Source: Molecules - October 8, 2020 Category: Chemistry Authors: Seon Min Woo Kyoung-jin Min Taeg Kyu Kwon Tags: Article Source Type: research

Apoptosis in Cancer Cells Is Induced by Alternative Splicing of hnRNPA2/B1 Through Splicing of Bcl-x, a Mechanism that Can Be Stimulated by an Extract of the South African Medicinal Plant, Cotyledon orbiculata
Alternative splicing is deregulated in cancer and alternatively spliced products can be linked to cancer hallmarks. Targeting alternative splicing could offer novel effective cancer treatments. We investigated the effects of the crude extract of a South African medicinal plant, Cotyledon orbiculata, on cell survival of colon (HCT116) and esophageal (OE33 and KYSE70) cancer cell lines. Using RNASeq, we discovered that the extract interfered with mRNA regulatory pathways. The extract caused hnRNPA2B1 to splice from the hnRNPB1 to the hnRNPA2 isoform, resulting in a switch in the BCL2L1 gene from Bcl-xL to Bcl-xS causing acti...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - October 8, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Triptolide-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer via a novel miR204-5p/Caveolin-1/Akt-mediated pathway.
Authors: Philips BJ, Kumar A, Burki S, Ryan JP, Noda K, D'Cunha J Abstract Lung cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies world-wide with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) comprising nearly 80% of all cases. Unfortunately, many lung cancer patients are diagnosed at advanced stages of the disease with an associated poor prognosis. Recently, the Chinese herb root extract Triptolide/Minnelide (TL) has shown significant promise as a therapeutic agent for NSCLC treatment both in vitro and in vivo. The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanism(s) of action regarding TL-induced cytotoxicity in ...
Source: Oncotarget - August 2, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Salvianic acid A alleviates chronic alcoholic liver disease by inhibiting HMGB1 translocation via down-regulating BRD4.
Abstract Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the major cause of chronic liver disease and a global health concern. ALD pathogenesis is initiated with liver steatosis, and ALD can progress to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Salvianic acid A (SAA) is a phenolic acid component of Danshen, a Chinese herbal medicine with possible hepatoprotective properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of SAA on chronic alcoholic liver injury and its molecular mechanism. We found that SAA significantly inhibited alcohol-induced liver injury and ameliorated ethanol-induced...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - June 28, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Lan Y, Yan R, Shan W, Chu J, Sun R, Wang R, Zhao Y, Wang Z, Zhang N, Yao J Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

Noncoding RNAs in Medicinal Plants and Their Regulatory Roles in Bioactive Compound Production.
CONCLUSION: So far, scientists have identified thousands of miRNA candidates from over 50 medicinal plant species and 11794 lncRNAs from Salvia miltiorrhiza, Panax ginseng, and Digitalis purpurea. Among them, more than 30 miRNAs and five lncRNAs have been predicted to regulate bioactive compound production. The regulation may achieve through various regulatory modules and pathways, such as the miR397-LAC module, the miR12112-PPO module, the miR156-SPL module, the miR828-MYB module, the miR858-MYB module, and other siRNA and lncRNA regulatory pathways. Further functional analysis of herbal ncRNAs will provide useful informa...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology - May 27, 2020 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Li C, Wang M, Qiu X, Zhou H, Lu S Tags: Curr Pharm Biotechnol Source Type: research

Hepatic monoamine oxidase B is involved in endogenous geranylgeranoic acid synthesis in mammalian liver cells Research Articles
Geranylgeranoic acid (GGA) originally was identified in some animals and has been developed as an agent for preventing second primary hepatoma. We previously have also identified GGA as an acyclic diterpenoid in some medicinal herbs. Recently, we reported that in human hepatoma-derived HuH-7 cells, GGA is metabolically labeled from 13C-mevalonate. Several cell-free experiments have demonstrated that GGA is synthesized through geranylgeranial by oxygen-dependent oxidation of geranylgeraniol (GGOH), but the exact biochemical events giving rise to GGA in hepatoma cells remain unclear. Monoamine oxidase B (MOAB) has been sugge...
Source: The Journal of Lipid Research - April 30, 2020 Category: Lipidology Authors: Tabata, Y., Shidoji, Y. Tags: Research Articles Source Type: research

A proton-coupled organic cation antiporter is involved in the blood-brain barrier transport of aconitum alkaloids
ConclusionsThese results demonstrate that a novel proton-coupled organic cation antiporter plays a predominant role in the blood to brain influx of AC, MA and HA at the BBB, and thus affect the safety of Aconitum species.Graphical abstract
Source: Journal of Ethnopharmacology - January 20, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Rikkunshito attenuates induction of epithelial-mesenchymal switch via activation of Sirtuin1 in ovarian cancer cells.
Authors: Kanda R, Miyagawa Y, Wada-Hiraike O, Hiraike H, Fukui S, Nagasaka K, Ryo E, Fujii T, Osuga Y, Ayabe T Abstract Rikkunshito, a traditional Japanese herbal medicine, improves appetite via activation of gastrointestinal hormone ghrelin pathway. The function of ghrelin is mediated by growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR1a), and ghrelin has been known to possess diverse physiological functions including growth suppression of some cancer cells. Considering that increased ghrelin signaling by Rikkunshito could enhance sirtuin1 (SIRT1) activity in nervous system, we aimed to investigate the effect of Rikkuns...
Source: Endocrine Journal - December 18, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Tags: Endocr J Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1960: Hispidulin Enhances TRAIL-Mediated Apoptosis via CaMKK /AMPK/USP51 Axis-Mediated Bim Stabilization
Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1960: Hispidulin Enhances TRAIL-Mediated Apoptosis via CaMKK/AMPK/USP51 Axis-Mediated Bim Stabilization Cancers doi: 10.3390/cancers11121960 Authors: Woo Seo Kim Nam Kim Park Min Kwon : Hispidulin, a natural compound present in herbs, has anti-cancer effects. Here, we investigated whether hispidulin sensitizes human carcinoma cells to apoptosis induced by TRAIL. Sub-lethal dosages of TRAIL alone and hispidulin alone does not increase apoptosis, but hispidulin increases sensitivity to TRAIL, resulting in induction of apoptosis in hispidulin plus TRAIL-treated cancer c...
Source: Cancers - December 5, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Woo Seo Kim Nam Kim Park Min Kwon Tags: Article Source Type: research

Curcumin Inhibits Cell Viability and Increases Apoptosis of SW620 Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Cells via the Caudal Type Homeobox-2 (CDX2)/Wnt/ β-Catenin Pathway.
CONCLUSIONS Curcumin reduced cell viability and increased apoptosis in SW620 human colonic adenocarcinoma cells by restoring CDX2, which inhibited the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway. PMID: 31584928 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Science Monitor - October 6, 2019 Category: Research Tags: Med Sci Monit Source Type: research

Gynostemma pentaphyllum saponins induce melanogenesis and activate cAMP/PKA and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways
ConclusionThese findings demonstrated strong melanogenic activities of GpS, and the MITF is essential for the melanogenesis stimulated by GpS.Graphical abstract
Source: Phytomedicine - September 12, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Inhibitory Effects of Oxymatrine on Transdifferentiation of Neonatal Rat Cardiac Fibroblasts to Myofibroblasts Induced by Aldosterone via Keap1/Nrf2 Signaling Pathways In Vitro.
CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm that OMT alleviates transdifferentiation of cardiac fibroblasts to myofibroblasts induced by aldosterone via activating the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway in vitro. PMID: 31325292 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Science Monitor - July 21, 2019 Category: Research Tags: Med Sci Monit Source Type: research

Tetramethylpyrazine downregulates transcription of the CXC receptor  4 (CXCR4) via nuclear respiratory factor‑1 (Nrf‑1) in WERI‑Rb1 retinoblastoma cells.
Tetramethylpyrazine downregulates transcription of the CXC receptor 4 (CXCR4) via nuclear respiratory factor‑1 (Nrf‑1) in WERI‑Rb1 retinoblastoma cells. Oncol Rep. 2019 Jul 15;: Authors: Wu N, Yang Y, Yu N, Wu Y, Han X, Chen S, Zhang J, Chen X, Wu C, Yang M, Qiu J, Ge J, Yu K, Zhuang J Abstract Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP; an extract of the Chinese herbal medicine, Chuanxiong) has been shown to exert remarkable antiretinoblastoma (RB) effects. Based on our previous study, the target gene was found to be C‑X‑C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4). CXCR4 is a prognostic marker in various types of c...
Source: Oncology Reports - July 21, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research