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Nutrition: Calcium

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Total 675 results found since Jan 2013.

Melatonin induces mitochondrial apoptosis in osteoblasts by regulating the STIM1/cytosolic calcium elevation/ERK pathway
This study aimed to determine the mechanism by which melatonin inhibits the proliferation of osteoblasts.Main methodsCell viability experiment, DNA fragment detection and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assays were performed to determine the effects of melatonin on the proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation of osteoblasts. We used immunofluorescence to detect the expression of STIM1 in melatonin-treated osteoblasts. STIM1 interference was achieved using a specific siRNA, and a TRPC inhibitor was used to block the influx of Ca2+. The mRNA expression was determined by RT-qPCR, and protein levels were measured by We...
Source: Life Sciences - February 21, 2020 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Modulation of NR1 receptor by CaMKII α plays an important role in chronic itch development in mice.
Modulation of NR1 receptor by CaMKIIα plays an important role in chronic itch development in mice. Brain Res Bull. 2020 Feb 26;: Authors: Li NQ, Tang Y, Huang ST, Liu XT, Zeng LP, Li H, Wan L Abstract Intractable scratching is the characteristic of chronic itch, which represents a great challenge in clinical practice. However, the mechanism underlying chronic itch development is largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the role of NMDA receptor in acute itch and in development of chronic itch. A mouse model was developed by painting DNFB to induce allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). We f...
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - February 25, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Li NQ, Tang Y, Huang ST, Liu XT, Zeng LP, Li H, Wan L Tags: Brain Res Bull Source Type: research

TRPM7 activation potentiates SOCE in enamel cells but requires ORAI.
Abstract Calcium (Ca2+) release-activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels mediated by STIM1/2 and ORAI (ORAI1-3) proteins form the dominant store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) pathway in a wide variety of cells. Among these, the enamel-forming cells known as ameloblasts rely on CRAC channel function to enable Ca2+ influx, which is important for enamel mineralization. This key role of the CRAC channel is supported by human mutations and animal models lacking STIM1 and ORAI1, which results in enamel defects and hypomineralization. A number of recent reports have highlighted the role of the chanzyme TRPM7 (transient receptor poten...
Source: Cell Calcium - February 27, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Souza Bomfim GH, Costiniti V, Li Y, Idaghdour Y, Lacruz RS Tags: Cell Calcium Source Type: research

Long non-coding RNA-H19 stimulates osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via the microRNA-149/SDF-1 axis.
Abstract Bone defects resulting from non-union fractures or tumour resections are common clinical problems. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are reported to play vital roles in stem cell differentiation. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of lncRNA-H19 in osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). Following the establishment of an osteogenic differentiation model in rats, the expression of H19, microRNA-149 (miR-149) and stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) was measured by RT-qPCR. Thereafter, BMMSCs were isolated from rats and treated with a series of mimic, inhibitor o...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - March 20, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Li G, Yun X, Ye K, Zhao H, An J, Zhang X, Han X, Li Y, Wang S Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 12, Pages 1023: Knockdown of UTX/KDM6A Enriches Precursor Cell Populations in Urothelial Cell Cultures and Cell Lines
olfgang A. Schulz The histone demethylase UTX (gene: KDM6A) directs cell and tissue differentiation during development. Deleterious mutations in KDM6A occur in many human cancers, most frequently in urothelial carcinoma. The consequences of these mutations are poorly understood; plausibly, they may disturb urothelial differentiation. We therefore investigated the effects of UTX siRNA-mediated knockdown in two in vitro models of urothelial differentiation; namely, primary cultures of urothelial epithelial cells treated with troglitazone and PD153035 and the immortalized urothelial cell line HBLAK treated with high calci...
Source: Cancers - April 20, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Alexander Lang Patcharawalai Whongsiri Merve Yilmaz Tobias Lautwein Patrick Petzsch Annemarie Greife Cagatay G ünes Karl K öhrer G ünter Niegisch Mich èle Hoffmann Wolfgang A. Schulz Tags: Article Source Type: research

Transient receptor potential canonical 1 channel mediates the mechanical stress ‑induced epithelial‑mesenchymal transition of human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells.
Transient receptor potential canonical 1 channel mediates the mechanical stress‑induced epithelial‑mesenchymal transition of human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells. Int J Mol Med. 2020 Apr 07;: Authors: Wang J, He Y, Yang G, Li N, Li M, Zhang M Abstract Airway remodeling is a central event in the pathology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that leads to airway narrowing and subsequently, to increased mechanical pressure. High mechanical pressure can exacerbate airway remodeling. Thus, a treatment regimen aimed at disrupting this high‑pressure airway remodeling vicious cycle may i...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - April 6, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Wang J, He Y, Yang G, Li N, Li M, Zhang M Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: research

Evidence for NADPH oxidase activation by GPR40 in pancreatic β-cells.
We report for the first time that acute activation of GPR40 leads to NADPH oxidase activation in pancreatic β-cells, without impact on insulin secretion. PMID: 32354273 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Redox Report : communications in free radical research - May 3, 2020 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Nunes Marsiglio-Librais G, Aparecida Vilas-Boas E, Carlein C, Hoffmann MDA, Roma LP, Carpinelli AR Tags: Redox Rep Source Type: research

lncRNA Mtss1 promotes inflammatory responses and secondary brain injury after intracerebral hemorrhage by targeting miR-709 in mice.
Abstract Secondary brain injuries following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) are mediated by inflammatory pathway activation. The present study aimed to characterize long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that are differentially expressed in cerebral tissues during ICH pathogenesis and to investigate their pathogenic functions. An ICH mouse model established by collagenase injection was used to obtain differentially expressed lncRNAs for deep sequencing. A cellular inflammation model was established by treating mouse microglia with lipopolysaccharide. Expression of lncRNA and miRNA was assessed by quantitative RT-PCR, and pr...
Source: Brain Research Bulletin - May 18, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: Chen JX, Wang YP, Zhang X, Li GX, Zheng K, Duan CZ Tags: Brain Res Bull Source Type: research

Diabetes mellitus exacerbates post ‐myocardial infarction heart failure by reducing sarcolipin promoter methylation
ConclusionsDiabetes increases the vulnerability of STEMI patients to post ‐MI HF by down‐regulating SLN promoter methylation, which further regulates SERCA2a activity via increasing cardiac SLN expression.
Source: ESC Heart Failure - June 10, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Zhongwei Liu, Yong Zhang, Chuan Qiu, Haitao Zhu, Shuo Pan, Hao Jia, Hongyan Kang, Gongchang Guan, Rutai Hui, Ling Zhu, Junkui Wang Tags: Original Research Article Source Type: research

Resolvin E1 Reduces Leukotriene B4-Induced Intracellular Calcium Increase and Mucin Secretion in Rat Conjunctival Goblet Cells.
Abstract Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) is a major proinflammatory mediator important in host defense whereas resolvins (Rvs) are produced during the resolution phase of inflammation. We determined the actions of both RvE1 and RvD1 on LTB4-induced responses of goblet cells cultured from rat conjunctiva. The responses measured were an increase in the intracellular [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]i) and high molecular weight glycoprotein secretion. Treatment with RvE1 or RvD1 for 30 min significantly blocked the LTB4-induced [Ca2+]i increase. The actions of RvE1 on LTB4-induced [Ca2+]i increase were reversed by siRNA for the RvE1 receptor and...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - June 15, 2020 Category: Pathology Authors: Yang M, Bair JA, Hodges RR, Serhan CN, Dartt DA Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

Reactive Oxygen-Forming Nox5 Links Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypic Switching and Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Vascular Calcification.
Conclusions: We show here that contractile VSMCs are resistant to calcification and identify Nox5 as a key regulator of VSMC phenotypic switching. Additionally, we describe a new mechanism of Ca2+ uptake via EVs and show that Ca2+ induces ROS production in VSMCs via Nox5. ROS production is required for release of EVs, which promote calcification. Identifying molecular pathways that control Nox5 and VSMC-derived EVs provides potential targets to modulate vascular remodelling and calcification in the context of mineral imbalance. PMID: 32564697 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation Research - June 21, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Furmanik M, Chatrou M, van Gorp RH, Akbulut A, Willems B, Schmidt HH, van Eys G, Bochaton-Piallat ML, Proudfoot D, Biessen EA, Hedin U, Matic L, Mees B, Shanahan CM, Reutelingsperger C, Schurgers LJ Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Calpain-2 plays a pivotal role in the inhibitory effects of propofol against TNF- α-induced autophagy in mouse hippocampal neurons.
Calpain-2 plays a pivotal role in the inhibitory effects of propofol against TNF-α-induced autophagy in mouse hippocampal neurons. J Cell Mol Med. 2020 Jul 06;: Authors: Li Y, He Z, Lv H, Chen W, Chen J Abstract Calpains are calcium-dependent proteases and play critical roles in neuronal autophagy induced by inflammation. Propofol has been reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects in neurons. We aimed to identify whether and how propofol-modulated calpain activity and neuron autophagy in response to tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Mouse hippocampal neurons were pre-treated with propofol and exp...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - July 5, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Li Y, He Z, Lv H, Chen W, Chen J Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

Coupling of Integrin α5 to Annexin A2 by Flow Drives Endothelial Activation.
Conclusions: Our data elucidate a novel endothelial mechanotransduction molecular mechanism linking athero-prone flow and activation of integrin α5β1, thereby identifying a class of potential therapeutic targets for atherosclerosis. PMID: 32673515 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation Research - July 15, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Zhang C, Zhou T, Chen Z, Yan M, Li B, Lv H, Wang C, Xiang S, Shi L, Zhu Y, Ai D Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Immunomodulator mediated changes in plasma membrane calcium ATPase in controlling visceral leishmaniasis.
Abstract Immunomodulation is an emerging concept to combat infection in recent years. Immunomodulators like arabinosylated-lipoarabinomannan (Ara-LAM) and glycyrrhizic-acid (GA) possess anti-leishmanial property, whereas sodium-antimony-gluconate (SAG) is still considered as the first choice for chemotherapy against leishmaniasis. During infection, invasion of Leishmania donovani needs the potential requirement of Ca2+, which is further responsible for apoptosis in intracellular amastigotes. However, suppression of elevated intracellular calcium by the activation of plasma-membrane-calcium-ATPase (PMCA4) facilitat...
Source: Experimental Parasitology - July 18, 2020 Category: Parasitology Authors: Roy N, Ghosh S, Juin SK, Ghosh R, Majumdar SB, Majumdar S Tags: Exp Parasitol Source Type: research

Cadaverine and Spermine Elicit Ca 2+ Uptake in Human CP Cells via a Trace Amine-Associated Receptor 1 Dependent Pathway
AbstractThe choroid plexus (CP) constitutes a barrier between the blood and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) which regulates the exchange of substances between these two fluids through mechanisms that are not completely understood. Polyamines as spermine, spermidine and putrescine are produced by all cells and are present in the CSF. Interestingly, their levels are altered in some neuronal disorders as Alzheimer ’s and Parkinson’s diseases, thus increasing the interest in their signalling in the central nervous system (CNS). Cadaverine, on the other hand, is synthetized by the intestinal microbiome, suggesting that the pr...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - August 19, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research