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Nutrition: Calcium

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Total 675 results found since Jan 2013.

Melatonin Attenuates LPS-Induced Acute Depressive-Like Behaviors and Microglial NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation Through the SIRT1/Nrf2 Pathway
Inflammation is a crucial component of various stress-induced responses that contributes to the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD). Depressive-like behavior (DLB) is characterized by decreased mobility and depressive behavior that occurs in systemic infection induced by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in experimental animals and is considered as a model of exacerbation of MDD. We assessed the effects of melatonin on behavioral changes and inflammatory cytokine expression in hippocampus of mice in LPS-induced DLB, as well as its effects on NLR Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, oxidative...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - July 1, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Melatonin-Mediated Pak2 Activation Reduces Cardiomyocyte Death Through Suppressing Hypoxia Reoxygenation Injury–Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Abstract: Cardiac reperfusion injury has been found to be associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Recently, p21-activated kinase 2 (Pak2) has been identified as a primary mediator of ER stress in chronic myocardial injury. Melatonin, a biological clock–related hormone, has been demonstrated to attenuate heart reperfusion burden by modulating ER stress and mitochondrial function. The aim of our study was to explore whether reperfusion-induced ER stress is modulated by melatonin through Pak2. Hypoxia reoxygenation (HR) was used in vitro to mimic reperfusion injury in cardiomyocytes. ER stress, oxidative stress...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology - July 1, 2019 Category: Cardiology Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Carbonic Anhydrase 1-Mediated Calcification Is Associated With Atherosclerosis, and Methazolamide Alleviates Its Pathogenesis
Vascular calcification is an important pathogenic process in atherosclerosis (AS); however, its immediate cause is unknown. Our previous study demonstrated that carbonic anhydrase 1 (CA1) stimulates ossification and calcification in ankylosing spondylitis and breast cancer. The current study investigated whether CA1 plays an important role in AS calcification and whether the CA inhibitor methazolamide (MTZ) has a therapeutic effect on AS. We successfully established an AS model by administration of a high-fat diet to ApoE-/- mice. The treated animals had significantly increased serum levels of high-density lipoprotein chol...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - July 9, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Suppression of trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 enhances proliferation and migration in liver fluke-associated cholangiocarcinoma.
CONCLUSION: We provide new evidence that TROP2 is epigenetically down-regulated and operates as a negative regulator of cell proliferation and migration in liver fluke-associated CCA. PMID: 31320172 [PubMed]
Source: Annals of Hepatology - July 21, 2019 Category: Gastroenterology Tags: Ann Hepatol Source Type: research

Silencing of LncRNA-ANCR Promotes the Osteogenesis of Osteoblast Cells in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis via Targeting EZH2 and RUNX2.
CONCLUSION: Silencing ANCR promotes the osteogenesis of PMOP osteoblast cells. The specific binding of ANCR with EZH2 suppressed RUNX2, thereby inhibiting osteogenesis. PMID: 31347330 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Yonsei Medical Journal - July 28, 2019 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Cai N, Li C, Wang F Tags: Yonsei Med J Source Type: research

Expression patterns of l -amino acid receptors in the murine STC-1 enteroendocrine cell line
AbstractRegulation of gut function depends on the detection and response to luminal contents. Luminall-amino acids (l-AA) are detected by several receptors including metabotropic glutamate receptors 1 and 4 (mGluR1 and mGluR4), calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR), GPRC family C group 6 subtype A receptor (GPRC6A) and umami taste receptor heterodimer T1R1/T1R3. Here, we show that murine mucosal homogenates and STC-1 cells, a murine enteroendocrine cell line, express mRNA for alll-AA receptors. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated the presence of alll-AA receptors on STC-1 with CaSR being most commonly expressed and T1R1 le...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - August 12, 2019 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

M3 Muscarinic receptor activation reduces hepatocyte lipid accumulation via CaMKK β/AMPK pathway.
In conclusion, this proof-of-concept study demonstrates that M3R has protective effects against hepatocyte lipid accumulation by activating AMPK pathway and is a potential therapeutic target for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. PMID: 31445019 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - August 20, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jadeja RN, Chu X, Wood C, Bartoli M, Khurana S Tags: Biochem Pharmacol Source Type: research

TRPM2 channel regulates cytokines production in astrocytes and aggravates brain disorder during lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxin sepsis.
Abstract Sepsis is one of the most significant challenges in intensive care units, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a severe complication which can cause death and serious disabilities. Calcium signaling in astrocyte is essential for cellular activation and the potential resolution of infection or inflammation in SAE patients. The transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) channel has been identified as a unique fusion of a Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channel, which plays an important role in inflammation and immune response. Becaus...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - August 21, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Zhu T, Zhao Y, Hu H, Zheng Q, Luo X, Ling Y, Ying Y, Shen Z, Jiang P, Shu Q Tags: Int Immunopharmacol Source Type: research

Large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels mediate lipopolysaccharide-induced activation of murine microglia Immunology
Large-conductance calcium-activated potassium (BK) channels are ubiquitously expressed in most cell types where they regulate many cellular, organ, and organismal functions. Although BK currents have been recorded specifically in activated murine and human microglia, it is not yet clear whether and how the function of this channel is related to microglia activation. Here, using patch-clamping, Griess reaction, ELISA, immunocytochemistry, and immunoblotting approaches, we show that specific inhibition of the BK channel with paxilline (10 μm) or siRNA-mediated knockdown of its expression significantly suppresses lipopolysac...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - August 29, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Xiaoying Yang, Guiqin Wang, Ting Cao, Li Zhang, Yunzhi Ma, Shuhui Jiang, Xinchen Teng, Xiaohui Sun Tags: Neurobiology Source Type: research

Mitochondrial fission protein 1 up-regulation ameliorates senescence-related endothelial dysfunction of human endothelial progenitor cells
ConclusionIn human EPCs, down-regulation of Fis1 is involved in mitochondrial dysfunction and contributes to the impaired activity of EPCs during the senescence process. Enhanced expression of Fis1 in senescent EPCs restores the youthful phenotype.
Source: Angiogenesis - September 2, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Nitrendipine, an antihypertensive alpha calcium channel blocker, is cytotoxic to neuroblastoma cells
ConclusionNTD induced apoptosis on neuroblastoma cells, appears to be independent of the expression of the L-type calcium channel.
Source: Molecular and Cellular Toxicology - September 30, 2019 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Effects of Porcine STC-1 on Cell Metabolism and Mitochondrial Function.
Abstract Stanniocalcin (STC-1), a kind of glycoprotein hormone, was first found in fish and mainly regulates calcium/phosphorus metabolism in the body. To explore the biological function of the porcine STC-1 gene, the effects of changes in stanniocalcin expression on cellular metabolism and mitochondrial function were studied. A vector overexpressing the STC-1 gene and an siRNA silencer of the STC-1 gene were transfected into porcine kidney epithelial PK15 cells. After the STC-1 gene expression level was induced to change, STC-1 protein- and mitochondrial function-related proteins such as PMP70, OPA, DRP, Mfn and ...
Source: General and Comparative Endocrinology - October 9, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Yang K, Yang Y, Qi C, Ju H Tags: Gen Comp Endocrinol Source Type: research

Aquaporin-1 plays a key role in erythropoietin-induced endothelial cell migration
Publication date: Available online 30 October 2019Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Cell ResearchAuthor(s): Romina E. Maltaneri, Agustina Schiappacasse, María E. Chamorro, Alcira B. Nesse, Daniela C. VittoriAbstractWater influx through aquaporin-1 (AQP-1) has been linked to the ability of different cell types to migrate, and therefore plays an important part in processes like metastasis and angiogenesis. Since the erythroid growth factor erythropoietin (Epo) is now recognized as an angiogenesis promoter, we investigated the participation of AQP-1 as a downstream effector of this cytokine in the migra...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular Cell Research - October 31, 2019 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Homer1 mediates CaSR-dependent activation of mTOR complex 2 and initiates a novel pathway for AKT-dependent {beta}-catenin stabilization in osteoblasts Cell Biology
The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is critical for skeletal development, but its mechanism of action in osteoblasts is not well-characterized. In the central nervous system (CNS), Homer scaffolding proteins form signaling complexes with two CaSR-related members of the G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR) family C, metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) and mGluR5. Here, we show that CaSR and Homer1 are co-expressed in mineralized mouse bone and also co-localize in primary human osteoblasts. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments confirmed that Homer1 associates with CaSR in primary human osteoblasts. The CaSR–Homer1 prot...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - October 31, 2019 Category: Chemistry Authors: Mark S. Rybchyn, Kazi S. Islam, Tara C. Brennan-Speranza, Zhiqiang Cheng, Sarah C. Brennan, Wenhan Chang, Rebecca S. Mason, Arthur David Conigrave Tags: Signal Transduction Source Type: research

TRPV4 channel mediates adventitial fibroblast activation and adventitial remodeling in pulmonary hypertension.
Abstract Pulmonary arterial adventitial fibroblasts (PAF), the most abundant cellular constituent of adventitia, act as a key regulator of pulmonary vascular wall structure and function from the outside-in. Previous studies indicate that Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) channel plays an important role in the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH), but no attention has been given so far to its role in adventitial remodeling. In the present study, we thus investigated TRPV4 implication in PAF activation occurring in PH. First, we isolated and cultured PAF from rat adventitial intrapulmonary arter...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology - November 5, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Cussac LA, Cardouat G, Tiruchellvam Pillai N, Campagnac M, Robillard P, Montillaud A, Guibert C, Gailly P, Marthan R, Quignard JF, Savineau JP, Ducret T Tags: Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol Source Type: research