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Cancer: Melanoma

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Targeted-gene silencing of BRAF to interrupt BRAF/MEK/ERK pathway synergized photothermal therapeutics for melanoma using a novel FA-GNR-siBRAF nanosystem
Publication date: July 2018Source: Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine, Volume 14, Issue 5Author(s): Yujuan Zhang, Xuelin Zhan, Shanshan Peng, Ying Cai, Yu Shrike Zhang, Yanling Liu, Zhigang Wang, Yanrong Yu, Yifan Wang, Qiaofa Shi, Xiaoping Zeng, Keng Yuan, Nanjin Zhou, Rakesh Joshi, Meng Zhang, Zhuxu Zhang, Weiping MinAbstractMelanoma is significantly associated with mutant BRAF gene, a suitable target for siRNA-based anti-melanoma therapy. However, a tumor-specific delivery system is a major hurdle for clinical applications. Here, we developed a novel nano-carrier, FA-GNR-siBRAF for safe topical applicati...
Source: Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology and Medicine - July 5, 2018 Category: Nanotechnology Source Type: research

Specific knockdown of HOXB7 inhibits cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell migration and invasion while inducing apoptosis via Wnt/ β-catenin signaling pathway.
Specific knockdown of HOXB7 inhibits cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell migration and invasion while inducing apoptosis via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2018 Aug 01;: Authors: Gao D, Chen HQ, Yang YM Abstract Metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is a major cause of death associated with non-melanoma skin cancer. The involvement of homeobox B7 (HOXB7) in cancers has been reported. Thus, the current study intends to explore the effect of HOXB7 on CSCC and its relationship with the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Initially, microarray-based gene expres...
Source: Am J Physiol Cell Ph... - August 1, 2018 Category: Cytology Authors: Gao D, Chen HQ, Yang YM Tags: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol Source Type: research

Aurora Kinase a/MDM2-Mediated SETD2 Loss of Function in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Patients in Blast Crisis Induces Genetic Instability and Can be Therapeutically Targeted
In conclusion, phosphorylation by Aurora Kinase A and ubiquitination by MDM2 contribute to SETD2 non-genomic loss of function in advanced-phase CML. Loss of SETD2/H3K36me3 is associated with increased DNA damage and impaired HR repair. Restoring physiological H3K36me3 levels may help improve the outcome of this critical subset of pts.Acknowledgments: study supported by AIRC (project code 16996) and AIL (Associazione Italiana contro le Leucemia, Linfomi e Mieloma).Figure 1.DisclosuresCastagnetti: Incyte: Consultancy, Honoraria; Pfizer: Consultancy, Honoraria; Bristol Meyers Squibb: Consultancy, Honoraria; Novartis: Consulta...
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Mancini, M., De Santis, S., Monaldi, C., Bavaro, L., Martelli, M., Castagnetti, F., Gugliotta, G., Rosti, G., Fontana, M. C., Dan, E., Sinigaglia, B., Iurlo, A., Orofino, N., Abruzzese, E., Salvucci, M., Pregno, P., Gozzini, A., Crugnola, M., Albano, F., Tags: 631. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Biology and Pathophysiology, excluding Therapy: Poster I Source Type: research

GSE115385 Transcriptomal analysis of the impact of ASAH1 inhibition on skin metastatic melanoma cells
Contributors : J Leclerc ; N Nottet ; C Bertolotto ; R BallottiSeries Type : Expression profiling by arrayOrganism : Homo sapiensTo assess the impact of ASAH1 inhibition skin metastatic melanoma, we transfected three different human skin metastatic melanoma cell lines (501Mel, WM3912 and WM8) with a siRNA designed against ASAH1 (50nM) or a siRNA control (50nM) for 48h.
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - December 3, 2018 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Expression profiling by array Homo sapiens Source Type: research

Honokiol induces endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in human lung cancer cells
Publication date: Available online 29 January 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Jianfei Zhu, Shuonan Xu, Wenli Gao, Jianyu Feng, Guolong ZhaoAbstractAimsHonokiol is a hydroxylated biphenyl natural product and displays potent antitumor activity against several cancers including prostate cancer, melanoma, leukemia, and colorectal cancer. The present study was to investigate the in vitro activity of honokiol against A549 and 95-D human lung cancer cells.Main methodsA549 and 95-D cells were used with honokiol treatment. Cell viability was determined by CCK-8 assay. The cell migration and apoptosis were evaluated by wound hea...
Source: Life Sciences - January 29, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

AIM2 gene silencing attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy in type 2 diabetic rat model
Publication date: Available online 18 February 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Xuyang Wang, Jinyu Pan, Hui Liu, Mingjun Zhang, Dian Liu, Lu Lu, Jingjing Tian, Ming Liu, Tao Jin, Fengshuang AnAbstractAimsAbsent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) is a cytosolic DNA sensor which plays an important role in inflammasome formation and is involved in various cellular functions including pyroptosis, fibrosis, and tissue injury. Our study aimed to investigate whether AIM2 plays a role in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and to explore its potential molecular mechanism.Main methodsSprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Control,...
Source: Life Sciences - February 18, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Cytosolic Sensors of Viral RNA Are Involved in the Production of Interleukin-6 via Toll-Like Receptor 3 Signaling in Human Glomerular Endothelial Cells
Conclusion: Interestingly, cytosolic sensors of viral RNA were found to be involved in IL-6 production via TLR3 signaling in GECs. Regional activation of TLR3/IFN- β/ MDA5/RIG-I/IL-6 axis due to viral and “pseudoviral” infections is involved in innate immunity and inflammatory reactions in GECs. We believe this signaling pathway also plays a pivotal role in the development of some forms of GN.Kidney Blood Press Res 2019;44:62 –71
Source: Kidney and Blood Pressure Research - February 25, 2019 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: research

SOCS and Herpesviruses, With Emphasis on Cytomegalovirus Retinitis
Christine I. Alston1,2 and Richard D. Dix1,2* 1Department of Biology, Viral Immunology Center, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States 2Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins provide selective negative feedback to prevent pathogeneses caused by overstimulation of the immune system. Of the eight known SOCS proteins, SOCS1 and SOCS3 are the best studied, and systemic deletion of either gene causes early lethality in mice. Many viruses, including herpesviruses such as herpes simplex virus and cytomega...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 10, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Knockdown of Delta-like 3 restricts lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation, migration and invasion of A2058 melanoma cells via blocking Twist1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition
Publication date: Available online 11 April 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Xiaojie Ding, Fuyao Li, Li ZhangAbstractAimsTo investigate the effects and mechanisms of DLL3 in inflammation-mediated A2058 melanoma cell invasion and metastasis.Materials and methodsMelanoma A2058 cells was stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), with or without transfection of DLL3 siRNA, or DLL3 overexpression vector, or Twist1 siRNA. Cell migration and invasion were detected by wound healing and transwell invasion assay. The production of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 was measured by ELISA. The expression of Notch signaling-relate...
Source: Life Sciences - April 13, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

Increasing Upstream Chromatin Long –Range Interactions May Favor Induction of Circular RNAs in LysoPC-Activated Human Aortic Endothelial Cells
We examined the sponging potential of all significantly changed circRNAs using the CircInteractome database (Montefiori et al., 2018), recording two miRNAs with four or more predicted binding sites in a single circRNA transcript, a threshold above which meaningful sponging activity is likely to occur Memczak et al. (2013). Another four significantly changed circRNAs are experimentally shown to sponge miRNAs (Dudekula et al., 2016; Chen et al., 2017; Yan et al., 2017; Wang et al., 2018), for six total circRNAs with miRNA sponging activity including miR125, miR143, miR1272, miR153, miR515-5p, and miR196a-5p (Table 4). In Fig...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - April 17, 2019 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

LncRNA PVT1 knockdown affects proliferation and apoptosis of uveal melanoma cells by inhibiting EZH2.
CONCLUSIONS: LncRNA PVT1 knockdown in UM cells can repress the proliferation of UM cells and promote their apoptosis by regulating EZH2 expression. PMID: 31002139 [PubMed - in process]
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - April 21, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

Functional and mechanistic studies reveal MAGEA3 as a pro-survival factor in pancreatic cancer cells.
CONCLUSION: Our data proves tumor-promoting role of MAGEA3 and provides the rationale to target MAGEA3 and/or its functional mediators like CCL2 for PCA, which may have a better impact in PCA therapy. PMID: 31287009 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Clin Med Res - July 7, 2019 Category: Research Authors: Das B, Senapati S Tags: J Exp Clin Cancer Res Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 11, Pages 1490: CRISPR-Cas9 Knockdown and Induced Expression of CD133 Reveal Essential Roles in Melanoma Invasion and Metastasis
Agarwal Rosenthal CD133, known as prominin1, is a penta-span transmembrane glycoprotein presumably acancer stem cell marker for carcinomas, glioblastomas, and melanomas. We showed that CD133(+)‘melanoma-initiating cells’ are associated with chemoresistance, contributing to poor patientoutcome. The current study investigates the role(s) of CD133 in invasion and metastasis. Magneticactivatedcell sorting of a melanoma cell line (BAKP) followed by transwell invasion assays revealedthat CD133(+) cells are significantly more invasive than CD133(−) cells. Conditional reprogramm...
Source: Cancers - October 2, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Simbulan-Rosenthal Dougherty Vakili Ferraro Kuo Alobaidi Aljehane Gaur1 Sykora Glasgow Agarwal Rosenthal Tags: Article Source Type: research

Abnormal overexpression of G9a in melanoma cells promotes cancer progression via upregulation of the Notch1 signaling pathway.
In this study, we first showed that G9a was significantly upregulated in melanoma patients. Using the TCGA database, we found a significantly higher expression of G9a in primary melanoma samples (n = 461) compared to normal skin samples (n = 551). Next, we knocked down G9a in human M14 and A375 melanoma cell lines in vitro via small interfering RNA (siRNA). This resulted in a significant decrease in cell viability, migration and invasion, and an increase in cell apoptosis. UNC0642 is a small molecule inhibitor of G9a that demonstrates minimal cell toxicity and good in vivo pharmacokinetic characteristics. We investigated t...
Source: Aging - February 2, 2020 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Dang NN, Jiao J, Meng X, An Y, Han C, Huang S Tags: Aging (Albany NY) Source Type: research

Integrin linked kinase regulates endosomal recycling of N-cadherin in melanoma cells.
Abstract Malignant transformation is characterized by a phenotype "switch" from E- to N-cadherin - a major hallmark of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). The increased expression of N-cadherin is commonly followed by a growing capacity for migration as well as resistance to apoptosis. Integrin Linked Kinase (ILK) is a key molecule involved in EMT and progression of cancer cells. ILK is known as a major signaling mediator involved in cadherin switch, but the specific mechanism through which ILK modulates N-cadherin expression is still not clear. Studies were carried out on human melanoma WM793 and 1205Lu c...
Source: Cellular Signalling - April 15, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Gil D, Zarzycka M, Ciołczyk-Wierzbicka D, Laidler P Tags: Cell Signal Source Type: research