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Cancer: Melanoma

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Total 1255 results found since Jan 2013.

Nanocarriers for Sirna Delivery Aimed at the Treatment of Melanoma: Systematic Review
CONCLUSION: Such being the case, the development of these systems becomes a non-invasive and promising option for the treatment of melanoma.PMID:37170995 | DOI:10.2174/1567201820666230425234700
Source: Current Drug Delivery - May 12, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Brenda Regina de Araujo Tatielle do Nascimento Ana Paula Dos Santos Matos Vanessa Brand ão de Souza Belmiro Mariana Sato de Souza de Bustamante Monteiro Ralph Santos-Oliveira Eduardo Ricci-Junior Source Type: research

The siRNA-mediated downregulation of N-Ras sensitizes human melanoma cells to apoptosis induced by selective BRAF inhibitors.
Abstract The clinical benefit of selective BRAF inhibitor therapies is limited by the emergence of drug resistance. Here, we investigated the molecular basis underlying the acquired resistance to a BRAF inhibitor by comparing the signaling pathways in the parental A375P cells and the resistant subline (A375P/Mdr). We demonstrate that MAPK re-activation does not contribute to the mechanism of resistance to UAI-201 of A375P/Mdr cells. The relative quantitative analysis using the 2(-ΔΔCt) method revealed that the BRAF inhibitor resistance observed in A375P/Mdr cells is not mediated through the overexpression of MDR...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - March 27, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ahn JH, Lee M Tags: Mol Cell Biochem Source Type: research

Plasmid-Based Stat3 siRNA Delivered by Functional Graphene Oxide Suppresses Mouse Malignant Melanoma Cell Growth.
Authors: Yin D, Li Y, Guo B, Liu Z, Xu Y, Wang X, Du Y, Xu L, Meng Y, Zhao X, Zhang L Abstract RNA interference (RNAi) has been used for cancer gene therapy in recent years. However, the application of RNAi is hindered in the absence of safe and efficient gene delivery. In this article, a novel vehicle of graphene oxide functionalized with polyethylenimine and polyethylene glycol (GO-PEI-PEG) was successfully synthetized and then used to deliver plasmid-based Stat3 siRNA. The carrier can readily bind plasmid with high transfection efficiency. Moreover, molecular biology studies reveal that Stat3-related gene and pr...
Source: Oncology Research - April 23, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Res Source Type: research

Intrathecal siRNA Against GPNMB Attenuates Nociception in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain
Abstract Neuropathic pain is characterized by hyperalgesia, allodynia, and spontaneous pain. Recent studies have shown that glycoprotein nonmetastatic melanoma B (GPNMB) plays a pivotal role in neuronal survival and neuroprotection. However, the role of GPNMB in neuropathic pain remains unknown. The aim of the present study was to assess the role of GPNMB in neuropathic pain. In cultured spinal cord neurons, we used two small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting the complementary DNA (cDNA) sequence of rat GPNMB that had potent inhibitory effects on GPNMB, and siRNA1-GPNMB was selected for further in vivo study as...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - January 23, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

GSE66113 siRNA induced silencing of CITED1 in HT144 human melanoma cells
Contributor : Jillian HowlinSeries Type : Expression profiling by arrayOrganism : Homo sapiensTo investigate the function of CITED1 in melanoma, its expression was transiently downregulated using CITED1 targeting siRNA. The HT144 melanoma cell line was chosen as it had a relatively high level of detectable CITED1 mRNA and protein expression.
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - February 20, 2015 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Expression profiling by array Homo sapiens Source Type: research

GSE68599 Trascriptional profile of BRAF inhibitor-resistant SKMEL28 and WM3248 melanoma cells and changes upon YAP/TAZ siRNA knockdown
Contributors : Min-Hwan Kim ; Jongshin Kim ; Hyowon Hong ; Si-Hyung Lee ; June-Koo Lee ; Eunji Jung ; Joon KimSeries Type : Expression profiling by arrayOrganism : Homo sapiensThe activation of transcriptional coactivators YAP and its paralog TAZ has been shown to promote resistance to anti-cancer therapies. YAP/TAZ activity is tightly coupled to actin cytoskeleton architecture. However, the influence of actin remodeling on cancer drug resistance remains largely unexplored. Here, we report a pivotal role of actin remodeling in YAP/TAZ-dependent BRAF inhibitor resistance in BRAF V600E mutant melanoma cells. Melanoma cells r...
Source: GEO: Gene Expression Omnibus - November 18, 2015 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Expression profiling by array Homo sapiens Source Type: research

High expression of CD28 enhanced the anti-cancer effect of siRNA-PD-1 through prompting the immune response of melanoma-bearing mice
Int Immunopharmacol. 2022 Jan 27;105:108572. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108572. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTImmune checkpoint blockade is considered to be an effective method of tumor immunotherapy. As one of the main immune checkpoints, blocking PD-1/PD-L1 pathway has been proved to be effective in the treatment of many cancers via activating T cells; however, many patients still do not respond to the blocking PD-1/PD-L1 treatment with satisfying results. Related research demonstrated that the activation of T cells required a co-stimulatory signal generated by the interaction between CD28 and CD80/CD86, whereas in many ...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - January 30, 2022 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Huijie Jia Jing Guo Zhiang Liu Pengfei Chen Yang Li Ruipeng Li Yunfan Yang Xinyi Li Pengkun Wei Jiateng Zhong Feng Ren Mingyong Wang Jianzhuang Ren Zhiwei Feng Tiesuo Zhao Source Type: research

801 Novel nanoparticles mediate efficient siRNA/mRNA co-delivery to melanoma
Checkpoint immunotherapy has revolutionized treatment for patients with advanced or metastatic melanoma; however, many patients ’ tumors either fail to respond or develop secondary resistance. As a result, there is an urgent need for an off-the-shelf local treatment that can improve therapeutic outcomes by increasing immune activation and reducing immunosuppressive factors. We developed a library of novel lipophilic poly(b eta-amino ester) (PBAE)-based biodegradable nanoparticle (NP) formulations with different backbone, sidechain, and endcap monomers and various lipophilic/linear ratios to efficiently co-deliver mRNA an...
Source: Journal of Investigative Dermatology - April 17, 2023 Category: Dermatology Authors: K.M. Luly, E.E. Rocher, J.J. Green, S.Y. Tzeng, J.C. Sunshine Source Type: research

Role of Increased n-acetylaspartate Levels in Cancer
Conclusion: These findings indicate that the NAA pathway has a prominent role in promoting tumor growth and represents a valuable target for anticancer therapy. Altered energy metabolism is a hallmark of cancer (1). Proliferating cancer cells have much greater metabolic requirements than nonproliferating differentiated cells (2,3). Moreover, altered cancer metabolism elevates unique metabolic intermediates, which can promote cancer survival and progression (4,5). Furthermore, emerging evidence suggests that proliferating cancer cells exploit alternative metabolic pathways to meet their high demand for energy and to accumul...
Source: JNCI - January 26, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zand, B., Previs, R. A., Zacharias, N. M., Rupaimoole, R., Mitamura, T., Nagaraja, A. S., Guindani, M., Dalton, H. J., Yang, L., Baddour, J., Achreja, A., Hu, W., Pecot, C. V., Ivan, C., Wu, S. Y., McCullough, C. R., Gharpure, K. M., Shoshan, E., Pradeep, Tags: Article Source Type: research

UCLA and City of Hope scientists use nanoparticles to shut down mechanism that drives cancer growth
When scientists develop cancer therapies, they target the features that make the disease deadly: tumor growth, metastasis, recurrence and drug resistance. In epithelial cancers — cancers of the breast, ovaries, prostate, skin and bladder, which begin in the organs’ lining — these processes are controlled by a genetic program called epithelial–mesenchymal transition. UCLA Jeffrey Zink Epithelial–mesenchymal transition is regulated by a protein called Twist, which means that Twist directly influences the development of cancer, its spread to other organs and its return after remission. In a major step toward devel...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - July 3, 2015 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

A therapeutic trial of human melanomas with combined small interfering RNAs targeting adaptor molecules p130Cas and paxillin activated under expression of ganglioside GD3.
Abstract We previously demonstrated that focal adhesion kinase (FAK), p130Cas and paxillin are crucially involved in the enhanced malignant properties under expression of ganglioside GD3 in melanoma cells. Therefore, molecules existing in the GD3-mediated signaling pathway could be considered as suitable targets for therapeutic intervention in malignant melanoma. The aim of this study was to determine whether blockade of p130Cas and/or paxillin by RNAi suppresses melanoma growth. We found a suitable dose (40 μM siRNA, 25 μl/tumor) of the siRNA to suppress p130Cas in the xenografts generated in nu/nu mice. Based ...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - April 7, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Makino Y, Hamamura K, Takei Y, Bhuiyan RH, Ohkawa Y, Ohmi Y, Nakashima H, Furukawa K, Furukawa K Tags: Biochim Biophys Acta Source Type: research

A therapeutic trial of human melanomas with combined small interfering RNAs targeting adaptor molecules p130Cas and paxillin activated under expression of ganglioside GD3
This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Glycans in personalised medicine" Guest Editor: Professor Gordan Lauc.
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) General Subjects - June 11, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Lysosome activable polymeric vorinostat encapsulating PD-L1KD for a combination of HDACi and immunotherapy
In this study, we develop PDDS{polyethylene glycol-b-asparaginate(diethylenetriamine-vorinostat), (PEG-b-P[Asp(DET-SAHA)n] PPDS)}encapsulating siRNA-PD-L1to provide micelles siRNA-PD-L1-loaded micelles (siRNA@PPDS). Transmission electron microscope (TEM) images demonstrate that siRNA@PPDS micelles presented spherical morphology with a size of about 120 nm; hydrodynamic data analysis indicates pH sensitivity of siRNA@PPDS micelles. The experiments reveal that siRNA@PPDS micelles could be well uptaken by the tumor cells to silence the expression of PD-L1 protein in a dose-dependent manner; compared with the free SAHA, the SA...
Source: Drug Delivery - May 26, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Fengkun Lu Lei Hou Sizhen Wang Yingjie Yu Yunchang Zhang Linhong Sun Chen Wang Zhiqiang Ma Feng Yang Source Type: research