Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2493: The Relationship between Indoor and Outdoor Fine Particulate Matter in a High-Rise Building in Chicago Monitored by PurpleAir Sensors
This study examines the variation in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations across building stories. PM2.5 levels were measured using PurpleAir sensors, installed between 8 April and 7 May 2023, on floors one, four, six, and nine of an office building in Chicago. Additionally, data were collected from a public outdoor PurpleAir sensor on the fourteenth floor of a condominium located 800 m away. The results show that outdoor PM2.5 concentrations peak at 14 m height, and then decline by 0.11 μg/m3 per meter elevation, especially noticeable from midnight to 8 AM under stable atmospheric conditions. Indoor P...
Source: Sensors - April 12, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Wenner Ries-Roncalli Whalen Jing Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2494: A Compact Handheld Sensor Package with Sensor Fusion for Comprehensive and Robust 3D Mapping
nacker
Zhaodan Kong
This paper introduces an innovative approach to 3D environmental mapping through the integration of a compact, handheld sensor package with a two-stage sensor fusion pipeline. The sensor package, incorporating LiDAR, IMU, RGB, and thermal cameras, enables comprehensive and robust 3D mapping of various environments. By leveraging Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) and thermal imaging, our solution offers good performance in conditions where global positioning is unavailable and in visually degraded environments. The sensor package runs a real-time LiDAR-Inertial SLAM algorithm, generating...
Source: Sensors - April 12, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Peng Wei Kaiming Fu Juan Villacres Thomas Ke Kay Krachenfels Curtis Ryan Stofer Nima Bayati Qikai Gao Bill Zhang Eric Vanacker Zhaodan Kong Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2468: Multi-Sensor Laser System for Electric Guitar Pitch-Detection
gia
To attain a direct MIDI output from an electric guitar, we devised and implemented a sophisticated laser sensor system capable of measuring finger positions. This sensor operates on the principle of optical triangulation, employing six lasers and seven position-sensing detectors that are time-multiplexed. The speed and precision of this sensor system meet the necessary criteria for creating an electric guitar with a direct digital output, perfectly satisfying the application’s requirements. (Source: Sensors)
Source: Sensors - April 12, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Alessandro Pesatori Michele Norgia Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2469: Design and Non-Linearity Optimization of a Vertical Brushless Electric Power Steering Angle Sensor
Guo
This paper presents the design and the non-linearity optimization of a new vertical non-contact angle sensor based on the electromagnetic induction principle. The proposed sensor consists of a stator part (with one solenoidal excitation coil and three sinusoidal receiver coils) and a rotor part (with six rectangular metal sheets). The receiver coil was designed based on the differential principle, which eliminates the effect of the excitation coil on the induced voltage of the receiver coil, and essentially decouples the excitation field from the eddy current field. Moreover, the induced voltages in the three recei...
Source: Sensors - April 12, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Jie Chen Yanling Guo Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2470: Smart Sensor-Based Monitoring Technology for Machinery Fault Detection
The objective of this paper is to develop a smart monitoring system for real-time bearing fault detection and diagnostics. Firstly, a smart sensor-based data acquisition (DAQ) system is developed for wireless vibration signal collection. Secondly, a modified variational mode decomposition (MVMD) technique is proposed for nonstationary signal analysis and bearing fault detection. The proposed MVMD technique has several processing steps: (1) the signal is decomposed into a series of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs); (2) a correlation kurtosis method is suggested to choose the most representative IMFs and construct the analyti...
Source: Sensors - April 12, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Ming Zhang Xing Xing Wilson Wang Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2471: Chromatic Aberration Correction in Harmonic Diffractive Lenses Based on Compressed Sensing Encoding Imaging
Bin Fan
Large-aperture, lightweight, and high-resolution imaging are hallmarks of major optical systems. To eliminate aberrations, traditional systems are often bulky and complex, whereas the small volume and light weight of diffractive lenses position them as potential substitutes. However, their inherent diffraction mechanism leads to severe dispersion, which limits their application in wide spectral bands. Addressing the dispersion issue in diffractive lenses, we propose a chromatic aberration correction algorithm based on compressed sensing. Utilizing the diffractive lens’s focusing ability at the r...
Source: Sensors - April 12, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Jianying Chan Xijun Zhao Shuo Zhong Tao Zhang Bin Fan Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2472: Analysis of Post-Processed Pseudorange-Based Point Positioning with Different Data Sources for the Current Galileo Constellations
This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of Galileo Single Point Positioning (SPP) using different broadcast ephemeris data sources. This study investigates the completeness of Galileo navigation message records from different institutions. The results show that IGS provides the best completeness across different data sources (ECR > 70%), while IGN exhibits the lowest completeness. Analyze the proportions of different data sources within the Galileo navigation message in the broadcast ephemeris files provided by IGS during the study period. The proportions of FNAV_258, INAV_513, INAV_516, and INAV_517...
Source: Sensors - April 12, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Jiantao Zhang Weiwei Li Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2473: Semantic Guidance Fusion Network for Cross-Modal Semantic Segmentation
g Gao
Leveraging data from various modalities to enhance multimodal segmentation tasks is a well-regarded approach. Recently, efforts have been made to incorporate an array of modalities, including depth and thermal imaging. Nevertheless, the effective amalgamation of cross-modal interactions remains a challenge, given the unique traits each modality presents. In our current research, we introduce the semantic guidance fusion network (SGFN), which is an innovative cross-modal fusion network adept at integrating a diverse set of modalities. Particularly, the SGFN features a semantic guidance module (SGM) engineered to b...
Source: Sensors - April 12, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Pan Zhang Ming Chen Meng Gao Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2474: Local Distributed Node for Power Quality Event Detection Based on Multi-Sine Fitting Algorithm
ca
The new power generation systems, the increasing number of equipment connected to the power grid, and the introduction of technologies such as the smart grid, underline the importance and complexity of the Power Quality (PQ) evaluation. In this scenario, an Automatic PQ Events Classifier (APQEC) that detects, segments, and classifies the anomaly in the power signal is needed for the timely intervention and maintenance of the grid. Due to the extension and complexity of the network, the number of points to be monitored is large, making the cost of the infrastructure unreasonable. To reduce the cost, a new architectur...
Source: Sensors - April 12, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Domenico Luca Carn í Francesco Lamonaca Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2475: Simultaneous Electrochemical Detection of Cu2+ and Zn2+ in Pig Farm Wastewater
un Yong
In recent years, the rapid development of pig farming has led to a large quantity of heavy metal-polluted wastewater. Thus, it was desirable to develop a simple heavy metal detection method for fast monitoring of the wastewater from the pig farms. Therefore, there was an urgent need to develop a simple method for rapidly detecting heavy metal ions in pig farm wastewater. Herein, a simple electrochemical method for simultaneous detection of Cu2+ and Zn2+ was developed and applied to pig farm wastewater. With a glassy carbon electrode and anodic stripping voltammetry, simultaneous detection of Cu2+ and Zn2+ in wa...
Source: Sensors - April 12, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Jia-Xin Du Yang-Hao Ma Said Nawab Yang-Chun Yong Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2477: Hydrogen-Bond Acidic Materials in Acoustic Wave Sensors for Nerve Chemical Warfare Agents & rsquo; Detection
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2477: Hydrogen-Bond Acidic Materials in Acoustic Wave Sensors for Nerve Chemical Warfare Agents’ Detection
Sensors doi: 10.3390/s24082477
Authors:
Michał Grabka
Krzysztof Jasek
Zygfryd Witkiewicz
The latest trends in the field of the on-site detection of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) involve increasing the availability of point detectors to enhance the operational awareness of commanders and soldiers. Among the intensively developed concepts aimed at meeting these requirements, wearable detectors, gas analyzers as equipment for micro- and mini-class unmanned aerial vehicles (...
Source: Sensors - April 12, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Micha ł Grabka Krzysztof Jasek Zygfryd Witkiewicz Tags: Review Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2476: Federated Learning with Pareto Optimality for Resource Efficiency and Fast Model Convergence in Mobile Environments
In this study, we propose a resource-efficient FL scheme. We follow the Pareto optimality concept with the biased client selection to limit client participation, thereby ensuring efficient resource consumption and rapid model convergence. In addition, we propose a hierarchical structure with location-based clustering for device-to-device communication using k-means clustering. Simulation results show that with prate at 0.75, the proposed scheme effectively reduced transmitted and received network traffic by 75.89% and 78.77%, respectively, compared to the FedAvg method. It also achieves faster model convergence compared to...
Source: Sensors - April 12, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: June-Pyo Jung Young-Bae Ko Sung-Hwa Lim Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2478: Comprehensive Assessment of Artificial Intelligence Tools for Driver Monitoring and Analyzing Safety Critical Events in Vehicles
Sarkar
Human factors are a primary cause of vehicle accidents. Driver monitoring systems, utilizing a range of sensors and techniques, offer an effective method to monitor and alert drivers to minimize driver error and reduce risky driving behaviors, thus helping to avoid Safety Critical Events (SCEs) and enhance overall driving safety. Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools, in particular, have been widely investigated to improve the efficiency and accuracy of driver monitoring or analysis of SCEs. To better understand the state-of-the-art practices and potential directions for AI tools in this domain, this work is an in...
Source: Sensors - April 12, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Guangwei Yang Christie Ridgeway Andrew Miller Abhijit Sarkar Tags: Review Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2479: The Strong Coupling Effect between Metallic Split-Ring Resonators and Molecular Vibrations in Polymethyl Methacrylate
a Han
We propose and study a nanoscale strong coupling effect between metamaterials and polymer molecular vibrations using metallic split-ring resonators (SRRs). Specifically, we first provided a numerical investigation of the SRR design, which was followed by an experimental demonstration of strong coupling between mid-infrared magnetic dipole resonance supported by the SRRs fabricated on a calcium fluoride substrate and polymethyl methacrylate molecular vibrations at 1730 cm−1. Characterized by the anti-crossing feature and spectral splitting behaviors in the transmission spectra, these results demonstr...
Source: Sensors - April 12, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Ya Liu Esha Maqbool Zhanghua Han Tags: Article Source Type: research
Sensors, Vol. 24, Pages 2480: The Design and Ground Test Verification of an Energy-Efficient Wireless System for the Fatigue Monitoring of Wind Turbine Blades Based on Bistable Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting
Dimitris Saravanos
A wireless monitoring system based on piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) is presented to provide fatigue data of wind turbine blades in operation. The system comprises three subsystems, each respectively providing the following functions: (i) the conversion of mechanical to electric energy by exploiting the bistable vibration of a composite beam with piezoelectric patches in post-buckling, (ii) harvesting the converted energy by means of a modified, commercial, off-the-shelf (COTS) circuit to feed a LiPo battery and (iii) the battery-powered acquisition and wireless transmission of sensory sign...
Source: Sensors - April 12, 2024 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Theofanis Plagianakos Nikolaos Chrysochoidis Georgios Bolanakis Nikolaos Leventakis Nikolaos Margelis Manolis Sotiropoulos Fotis Giannopoulos Grigoris-Christos Kardarakos Christos Spandonidis Evangelos Papadopoulos Dimitris Saravanos Tags: Article Source Type: research
