Platelets bridging the gap between gut dysbiosis and neuroinflammation in stress-linked disorders: A narrative review
In this narrative review, we examine the association between gut dysbiosis, neuroinflammation, and stress-linked disorders, including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and investigate whether tryptophan (TRP) metabolism and platelets play a role in this association.The mechanisms underlying the aetiology of stress-linked disorders are complex and not yet completely understood. However, a potential link between chronic inflammation and these disorders may potentially be found in TRP metabolism and platelets. (Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology)
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - July 24, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Carlien Rust, Stefanie Malan-Muller, Leigh L. van den Heuvel, Daniel Tonge, Soraya Seedat, Etheresia Pretorius, Sian Hemmings Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Natural killer cells have an activated profile in early Parkinson's disease
Immune dysregulation is heavily implicated in Parkinson's disease (PD) but the role of Natural Killer (NK) cells has not been well characterised. Accumulating evidence indicates the immune response peaks early in the disease, hence this study focused on characterising NK cells in recently diagnosed PD. PBMCs were obtained from PD cases ( (Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology)
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - July 24, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: J. Holbrook, B. Patel, M. Camacho, L. Kahanawita, J. Greenland, C.H. Williams-Gray Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
Effect and timing of operative treatment for teratoma associated N-Methyl-d-Aspartate receptor-antibody encephalitis: A systematic review with meta-analysis
Resection of an underlying ovarian teratoma in patients with N-Methyl-d-Aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-antibody encephalitis is supported by pathophysiological studies demonstrating the production of NMDAR antibodies within the teratoma. This systematic review assesses the clinical effect of teratoma resection and compares early versus late resection. Literature search was performed on the first of October 2022 (MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, Web of Science). Original studies including more than three patients with NDMAR encephalitis and associated ovarian teratoma were included and evaluated with the Study Quality Assessment Tool ...
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - July 21, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Rolf Erlebach, Giovanna Brandi Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
MicroRNA biogenesis machinery activation and lncRNA and REST overexpression as neuroprotective responses to fight inflammation in the hippocampus
Brain Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and microRNAs (miRs) play essential roles in the regulation of several important biological processes, including neuronal activity, cognitive processes, neurogenesis, angiogenesis, and neuroinflammation. In this context, the transcriptional repressor, RE1 silencing transcription factor (Rest), acts regulating the expression of neuronal genes as well as of lncRNAs and multiple miRNAs in the central nervous system. Nevertheless, its role in neuroinflammation was less explored. (Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology)
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - July 18, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Liebert Bernardes Carvalho, Paula Lemes dos Santos Sanna, Camila Cristina dos Santos Afonso, Eduardo F. Bondan, Ge órgia da Silva Feltran, Marcel Rodrigues Ferreira, Alexander Birbrair, Denise Carleto Andia, Alexandra Latini, Rodrigo A. Foganholi da Silv Source Type: research
Increased TSPO expression, pyroglutamate-modified amyloid beta (A βN3(pE)) accumulation and transient clustering of microglia in the thalamus of Tg-SwDI mice
Epidemiological studies showed that Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) frequently co-occur; however, the precise mechanism is not well understood. A unique animal model (Tg-SwDI mice) was developed to investigate the early-onset and robust accumulation of both parenchymal and vascular A β in the brain. Tg-SwDI mice have been extensively used to study the mechanisms of cerebrovascular dysfunction, neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and cognitive decline observed in AD/CAA patients and to design biomarkers and therapeutic strategies. (Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology)
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - July 12, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Adrian Rodriguez-Lopez, Alicia M. Torres-Paniagua, Gonzalo Acero, Georgina D íaz, Goar Gevorkian Source Type: research
Genetic deletion of c-Jun amino-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) modestly increases disease severity in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis
The c-Jun amino terminal kinases (JNKs) regulate transcription, and studies suggest they contribute to neuropathology in the EAE model of MS. To examine the role of the JNK3 isoform, we compared EAE in JNK3 null mice to wild type (WT) littermates. Although disease severity was similar in female mice, in male JNK3 null mice the day of onset and time to reach 100% incidence occurred sooner, and disease severity was increased. While glial activation in spinal cord was similar, white matter lesions were increased in JNK3 null mice. (Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology)
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - July 11, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Mercedes Priego, Lorena Noriega, Sergey Kalinin, Lisa M. Hoffman, Douglas L. Feinstein, Gerardo Morfini Source Type: research
Serum antinuclear antibodies associate with severe disease activity in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
In this study, we investigated ANAs in Chinese patients with NMOSD and their relationship with disease outcomes. (Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology)
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - July 11, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Rui Wang, Dong Ren Sun, Qin Du, Ying Zhang, Hong Xi Chen, Xiao Fei Wang, Ling Yao Kong, Wen Qin Luo, Zi Yan Shi, Hong Yu Zhou Source Type: research
Genetic deletion of c-Jun Kinase-3 (JNK3) modestly increases disease severity in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis
The c-Jun amino terminal kinases (JNKs) regulate transcription, and studies suggest they contribute to neuropathology in the EAE model of MS. To examine the role of the JNK3 isoform, we compared EAE in JNK3 null mice to wild type (WT) littermates. Although disease severity was similar in female mice, in male JNK3 null mice the day of onset and time to reach 100% incidence occurred sooner, and disease severity was increased. While glial activation in spinal cord was similar, white matter lesions were increased in JNK3 null mice. (Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology)
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - July 11, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Mercedes Priego, Lorena Noriega, Sergey Kalinin, Lisa M. Hoffman, Douglas L. Feinstein, Gerardo Morfini Source Type: research
Human dendritic cell subsets in the glioblastoma-associated microenvironment
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive type of glioma (Grade IV). The presence of cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTLs) has been associated with improved outcomes in patients with GBM, and it is believed that the activation of CTLs by dendritic cells may play a critical role in controlling the growth of GBM. DCs are professional antigen-presenting cells (APC) that orchestrate innate and adaptive anti-GBM immunity. DCs can subsequently differentiate into plasmacytoid DCs (pDC), conventional DC1 (cDC1), conventional (cDC2), and monocyte-derived DCs (moDC) depending on environmental exposure. (Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology)
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - July 10, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Xiaopeng Hu, Chunmei Jiang, Yang Gao, Xingkui Xue Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Treatment with sofosbuvir attenuates the adverse neurodevelopmental consequences of Zika virus infection in infant rhesus macaques
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during infancy in a rhesus macaque (RM) model negatively impacts brain development resulting in long-term behavioral alterations. The current study investigated whether postexposure prophylaxis could alleviate these negative neurodevelopmental consequences. Three RM infants received a 14-day course of sofosbuvir (SOF; 15 mg/kg p.o.) treatment starting at 3 days post-infection with a Puerto Rican strain of ZIKV (PRVABC59) and were then monitored longitudinally for one year. (Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology)
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - July 7, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Alejandra Medina, Rebecca Rusnak, Rebecca Richardson, Matthew G. Zimmerman, Mehul Suthar, Nils Schoof, Zsofia Kovacs-Balint, Maud Mavigner, Mar Sanchez, Ann Chahroudi, Jessica Raper Source Type: research
Local immunotherapy of glioblastoma: A comprehensive review of the concept
Despite advancements in standard treatments, the prognosis of Glioblastoma (GBM) remains poor, prompting research for novel therapies. Immunotherapy is a promising treatment option for GBM, and many immunotherapeutic agents are currently under investigation. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells are rapidly evolving in immunotherapy of GBM with many clinical trials showing efficacy of CAR T cells exerting anti-tumor activity following recognition of tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). Exhaustion in CAR T cells can reduce their capacity for long-term persistence and anti-tumor action. (Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology)
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - July 6, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Mohammadmahdi Sabahi, Arash Salehipour, Mohammad Sajjad Yavari Bazl, Nima Rezaei, Alireza Mansouri, Hamid Borghei-Razavi Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
MOG-specific T cell response amplified in para- and post-SAR-CoV-2 infection in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease
We describe clinical characteristics and deep immunophenotypes in two patients with myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein (MOG)-antibody-associated-disease after COVID-19. The para-COVID case was a 74-year-old man who developed optic neuritis two days after COVID-19. Immunological assays revealed reduced absolute CD8+ T- and B-cell counts with increased frequency of NK cells. Post-COVID case was a 63-year-old man with optic neuritis six months after COVID-19, a frequency of CD8+ T-cells was elevated with a relatively low fraction of na ïve and a high fraction of effector memory CD8+ T-cells. (Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology)
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - July 5, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Qi Wu, Smathorn Thakolwiboon, Ahya S. Ali, Qin Wang, Deanna Dwyer, David A. Fox, Yang Mao-Draayer Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
Viral co-infection, autoimmunity, and CSF HIV antibody profiles in HIV central nervous system escape
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) HIV replication. Neurosymptomatic (NS) CSF escape is a rare exception in which CNS HIV replication occurs in the setting of neurologic impairment. The origins of NS escape are not fully understood. We performed a case-control study of asymptomatic (AS) escape and NS escape subjects with HIV-negative subjects as controls in which we investigated differential immunoreactivity to self-antigens in the CSF of NS escape by employing neuroanatomic CSF immunostaining and massively multiplexed self-antigen serology (PhIP-Seq). (Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology)
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - June 28, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: I.A. Hawes, B.D. Alvarenga, W. Browne, A. Wapniarski, R. Dandekar, C.M. Bartley, G.M. Sowa, J.L. DeRisi, P. Cinque, A.N. Dravid, S.J. Pleasure, M. Gisslen, R.W. Price, M.R. Wilson Source Type: research
The mechanism of LZ-8-mediated immune response in the mouse model of Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with microscopic changes in the brain, particularly substantia nigra (SN). Ganoderma lucidum immunoregulatory protein (rLZ-8) is might confer protective effects against PD.We developed a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced murine model of PD and determined the effects of rLZ-8 on molecular and cellular components of SN and whole brain tissue.The levels of SOD, GSH-Px, p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 in the brain tissue and SN were downregulated, while IL-6, IL-1 β, and TNF-α and MDA were upregulated. (Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology)
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - June 26, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hong Cheng, Jingyu Wang, Yahui Zhang, Yingle Tang, Lin Zhu, Yan Tao, Wen Lu, Haifan Yang, Weiyi Zhu, Xin Tang, Xinran Qiao Source Type: research
Whole blood miRNAs in relapsing MS patients treated with dimethyl fumarate in the phase 4 TREMEND trial
We investigated the impact of dimethyl fumarate (DMF), an oral therapy for relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS), on blood microRNA (miRNA) signatures and neurofilament light (NFL) levels. DMF normalized miR-660-5p and modulated various miRNAs associated with the NF-kB pathway. These alterations reached a peak 4 –7 months after treatment. Notably, particular miRNAs correlated with high or low NFL levels, implying their potential role as markers of treatment efficacy. Our findings broaden the understanding of DMF's immunomodulatory effects and may aid in predicting treatment responses. (Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology)
Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology - June 26, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Maria L. Elkjaer, Rikke M. Lohse, Mark Burton, Jason P. Mendoza, Mads Thomassen, Tobias Sejbaek, Zsolt Illes Source Type: research
