Age-Related Features of the Dynamics of Morbidity and Mortality, Localization, and Histological Structures of Rectal Cancer (Population Study)
AbstractRectal cancer is a malignant tumor of the distal colon of epithelial origin. Every year, more than 30 000 (30 969 in 2018) new cases of rectal cancer and 16 000 deaths (16 151) are registered in Russia. The index of reliability of accounting (the ratio of the number of dead to sick individuals) is 0.52%. Rectal cancer refers to localities with an average mortality rate. In the Northweste rn Federal District, more than 3000 primary cases of rectal cancer were registered (3285 in 2018). The state statistics on rectal cancer provides data on morbidity and mortality in three categories of ICD-10 together (C...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - July 1, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Immunity, Aging, and the Works of V.M. Dilman
AbstractThe review is dedicated to the anniversary of the birth of the brilliant gerontologist, endocrinologist, and oncologist Vladimir Mikhailovich Dilman. It provides a historical analysis of the hypotheses of immunocooperative interactions, which have been given a prominent place in his original concept of aging. The history of various T-cell populations and subpopulations is reviewed, and their functions are briefly analyzed in relation to age-specific changes in immunity. Also considered is the theory of inflammaging in light of the concept of V.M. Dilman. (Source: Advances in Gerontology)
Source: Advances in Gerontology - July 1, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Ultradian Rhythms and Oxidative Stress in Lymph-Node Tissue during Ontogenesis
AbstractAge-related features of the ultradian rhythms of the total protein and albumin content in lymph-node tissue have been studied in intact rats and rats exposed to chronic toxic oxidative stress with a chronobiological approach and biochemical methods. During the experiment, the rhythmic activity of the total protein and the albumin content in lymph nodes were compared during ontogenesis and under chronic exposure to a sulfur-containing natural gas. The revealed oscillations in the studied parameters can be characterized as circahoralian (ultradian) with periods of 20 –40 to 60 min. The obtained data indicate a decr...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - July 1, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
State of the Antioxidant System and the Severity of Lipid-Peroxidation Processes in the Myocardium and Blood Plasma of Rats of Different Ages with Postinfarction Cardiosclerosis
AbstractThe activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase and the intensity of lipid peroxidation (LP) in the myocardial tissue and blood plasma in males of the Wistar line at the ages of 4, 12, and 24 months under experimental postinfarction cardiosclerosis (PICS) were assessed. The animals underwent coronary occlusion to form PICS. After 42 days, the content of lipid-peroxidation products and the antioxidant enzyme activity were determined in samples of the myocardium of the left ventricle and the blood plasma of intact and PICS animals. It was found that an age-dependent decrease in the antioxidant enzyme activi...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - April 1, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Profile of the Plasma Catecholamines of Sexually Mature Rats Exposed to a Combination of Factors of Different Natures
AbstractChanges in the catecholamines concentration in plasma depend on the rhythm of the external light signal. Light desynchronosis has the strongest influence on the change in the dopamine concentration in the blood plasma. The combined effect of the physical factor, i.e., prolonged changes in the light regimen, and the chemical factor (single, acute poisoning with a neurotoxicant) results in the activation of exogenous and endogenous pathways for the regulation of the biological rhythms of catecholamine secretion into the blood plasma. The most pronounced changes were observed in blackout conditions. (Source: Advances in Gerontology)
Source: Advances in Gerontology - April 1, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Human Dermal Fibroblasts in the Aging Process
AbstractThe goal of this work was to examine the content of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in human dermal fibroblasts from development until deep aging (from 20 weeks of pregnancy to the age of 85 years) and to determine its role in age-dependent changes in the number of dermal fibroblasts. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were detected with an indirect immunohistochemical technique. The results showed that the portion of fibroblasts with positive staining for aryl hydrocarbon receptor in the dermis gradually increases from 20 weeks of pregnancy to the age of 85 years. The total number an...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - April 1, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Cognitive-Emotional Signs of Aging in F1 Mice (C57BL/6 × DBA/2)
AbstractCognitive-emotional signs of aging were studied in F1 (C57BL/6 × DBA/2) mice at the ages of 3, 7, and 14 months. It was found that memory-trace fixation, the first appearance of the minimized variant of the solution of the problem (the minimized route, MR), and the rate of its subsequent retrieval in the experiment, as well as the breadth of the emotional repe rtoire in all animals, did not depend on age. The greatest age-related differences were associated with the ability of mice to reproduce MR sustainably. It turned out that such an implementation was possible only if it was preceded by a period of mistakes. M...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - April 1, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Sirtuins Expression in the Hippocampus and Buccal Epithelium of Elderly and Senile Individuals with Alzheimer ’s Disease
This article examines the age-related dynamics of SIRT1, 3, 5, and 6 expression in patients with AD and in healthy individuals with immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemis try methods via immunofluorescent confocal microscopy. In elderly and senile health individuals, the SIRT1, 3, 5, and 6 expression in the hippocampus and buccal epithelium did not differ significantly. In AD patients, the SIRT1, 3, 5, and 6 expression in the hippocampus and buccal epithelium decreas e by 1.5–5 times as compared with healthy elderly and senile individuals. The SIRT5 expression in the hippocampus and buccal epithelium does not depend o...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - April 1, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Effect of Peptide Bioregulation on the State of Secretory Immunity in the Saliva of Elderly Patients with Chronic Generalized Periodontitis
Abstract—The goal of the work was to study the effect of peptide bioregulation on the mucosal immunity state of elderly patients during the complex treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis. The results were evaluated based on the saliva immunological parameters of 46 patients aged 61–69 years suff ering from chronic generalized periodontitis of moderate severity before treatment and 2 months after the completion of treatment with the Vizulingval peptide complex as a peptide bioregulator. The index of oral hygiene and the intensity of gingival inflammation were studied during clinical patient examinations. A decre...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - April 1, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
The Predictor Role of Perceived Social Support and Aging Perception in Treatment Adherence of Older Adults with Chronic Diseases
AbstractTreatment adherence plays essential and key role in controlling side-effects caused by chronic diseases and costs of care for older adults. The present research has been conducted to analyze predictor role of perceived social support and aging perception (AP) in treatment adherence of older adults with chronic diseases in south of Iran. This is a correlational cross-sectional study that was carried out on 243 older adults with chronic diseases that were selected from comprehensive health centers in Bushehr city (southern Iran) in 2019 using simple random sampling technique among the recorded subjects on electronic ...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - April 1, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
The Problems of the Working Conditions, Environment and Health of the Older Health Care Workers in Turkey
In this study, the problems of the working conditions, environment and health of the older health care workers who were working in a training and research hospital were analyzed. The study is a cross-sectional and analytic study. The population consisted of the older (above 55 years old) members of staff working in a training and research hospital in Turkey. Of the 908 employees working at the hospital, 40 of them (4.4%) were found to be 55 years old or older. The older staff mentioned problems such as complaints about the hospital ’s physical conditions (82.9%), 17.1% expressed dissatisfaction about the people they had ...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - April 1, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Effect of Lighting Regimes and the Melatonin Receptor Antagonist Luzindole on the Composition of Peripheral Blood Leukocytes of Wistar Rats in Postnatal Ontogenesis
AbstractA study of hematological parameters in postnatal ontogenesis was carried out on 151 Wistar rats (74 males and 77 females) kept during embryonic development and after birth in either standard lighting conditions (LD, 12 : 12) or in complete darkness (DD). The age, photoperiod, and the melatonin-receptor antagonist luzindole had a significant effect on the composition of peripheral blood leukocytes. The age-related changes in the values of the studied parameters consisted of a decrease in the total amount of leukocytes and the relative content of lymphocytes and an increase in the neutrophil level. The age-related de...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - April 1, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Effects of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells of the Human Umbilical Cord and Their Combination with Melatonin in Adult and Aging Mice with a Toxic Cuprizone Model of Demyelination
AbstractThe content of malondialdehyde and the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the brain, as well as the behavior parameters (open field test and rotarod test), were evaluated in 6 –7- and 15–17-month-old mice with a cuprizone demyelination model. They were injected with human umbilical-cord multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSCs), including a combination with the hormone melatonin. The neurotoxin cuprizone was administered daily with food for 3 weeks, and MMSCs were administered on the tenth day of the cuprizone diet (0.5 × 106 cells, once intravenously); melatonin was administered on days 11 –21 of this d...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - April 1, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Use of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers, Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Polymorphism and Associations with Memory Performance in Older People
AbstractWe explored the relationships between the use of Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), Angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) genetic polymorphisms and memory performance in older adults, whilst controlling for confounders. Retrospective observational case-control study. 104 patients over 60 years of age (mean age 74) without known cognitive disorder were included, 52 cases (ARB users) and 52 controls (non-users). ACE insertion/deletion (ACE I/D) polymorphism was determined in all patients. The Wechsler Memory Scale (memory quotient) was used to evaluate cognition. We measured years of education, Charlson Comorbi...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - April 1, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Comparison of In-Hospital Clinical Outcomes of Acute Myocardial Infarction between Nonagenarians and Octogenarians. Results from Center without In-Site Coronary Intervention
AbstractAcute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) increases its prevalence in elderly, and it is important to explore clinical characteristics in nonagenarians. The aim of this study was to compare clinical characteristics and in-hospital outcomes of AMI between octogenarians and nonagenarians. Consecutive octogenarians (80 –89 years old) and nonagenarians (90–99 years old) with AMI, from June 2014 to January 2020 were included, and divided in two groups. Clinical characteristics and in-hospital outcomes were compared between the two groups. Primary outcome for this study was in-hospital death. No major differences between the...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - April 1, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
