The Effect of Cryopreserved Cord Blood Nucleated Cells on Pathological Processes in the Progressive Aging of the Brain (Experimental Study)
AbstractThis work presents data on morphometric indices of the vascular bed and brain substance of spontaneously hypertensiveSHR rats, which may be considered evidence of the developing pathological brain aging processes in these animals. Chronic alcohol intoxication aggravates the neurodegeneration, significantly reducing the indices of the neuroglial index, the number of functioning vessels and activating the LPO processes. A single intraperitoneal administration of cryopreserved human cord blood nucleated cells in a dose of (1 –5) × 107/kg promoted the regeneration of neurocells, the stimulation of angiogenesis and a...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Contribution of Senior Age Groups to Changes in Life Expectancy Indicators for Russia ’s Megalopolises (Moscow and St. Petersburg)
This study analyzes the dynamics of life expectancy at birth (LE0) and at older ages and the contribution of older ages (60+) to changes in life expectancy in Russian megacities Moscow and St. Petersburg. We studied the contributions of aggregated age groups to differences between LE0 values for Moscow and St. Petersburg. Our study has shown that the increase in life expectancy at senior ages makes a significant contribution to the increase of the LE0 index. (Source: Advances in Gerontology)
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Circadian Rhythms of Antioxidant Enzyme ’s Activity in Young and Adult Rats under Light Deprivation Conditions
AbstractWe have studied the age-related features of circadian rhythms of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activity in the liver of rats under conditions of light deprivation. In standard light conditions (LD), significant daily fluctuations in SOD activity with a maximum at 7:00 a.m. were detected only in young animals (1.5 months) while catalase activity was observed in both young animals (1.5 months) and adults (7.5 months) with peak at 4:00 a.m. The daily dynamics of total and specific activity of SOD and catalase in the liver of young and adult rats differed, depending on the period of ontogeny in which the impa...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Study of Age-Related Changes in Compensatory Processes in the Model of Neurodegeneration of the Nigrostriatal System in Rats
AbstractIt is generally accepted that old age is the main risk factor for the development and progression of Parkinson ’s disease (PD). However, there is currently no data available that experimentally confirm the age dependence of the neurodegeneration progression rate and the activity of compensatory processes in the nigrostriatal system in the development of PD. The present study applies a model of nigrostriata l system neurodegeneration in rats of different ages, which was developed using the microinjections with proteasome inhibitor lactacystin (LC) into the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). The model reproduce...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Lipofuscin and Mitolipofuscin in the Organs of Young and Adult Rats
AbstractThe levels of lipofuscin (aging pigment) were compared in four organs (liver, kidney, heart, brain) of young and adult rats, as well as in the suspension of hepatic mitochondria. Mitochondrial lipofuscin —mitolipofuscin fluorescing in the blue region—was seen to make the major contribution to hepatic lipofuscin. It is clear that mitolipofuscin also makes a significant contribution in other organs. The age-related accumulation of lipofuscin was shown to occur in all rat organs, but in the brain l east of all. In addition to fluorescent lipofuscin, non-fluorescent protein aggregates were found in all organs, most...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Predictors of One-Year Outcomes after Percutaneous Coronary Interventions in Octogenarian Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome
AbstractThis work investigates the long-term outcomes of coronary stenting and predictors of two-year outcomes in octogenarian patients with acute coronary syndrome. A total of 406 patients with STEMI, NSTEMI and unstable angina undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were included in the study. We assessed the results at a median follow up of 20 months, from 1 year to 3 years. In-hospital mortality in the group of patients older than 80 was 8% and the long-term mortality was 21%. Cardiogenic shock, multi-vessel coronary disease, ejection fraction less than 35, and left main coronary artery lesion were independ...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Histometric Symptoms of Age-Sensitive Changes of Bone Tissue
This study presents the results of complex histomorphometric research of the features of age-related dynamics of bone tissue. We used as study material samples of the distal epiphysis and diaphysis of the left tibia from 348 male corpses aging from 0 to 90 years. The group of microosteometric features that have the strongest correlation with age is established in different age groups; their quantitative characteristics are given here. It has been clarified that the trends of age-related changes in the structural components of bone tissue correspond to the basic patterns of growth, remodeling, and depend on the species and ...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
The Elemental Status of Senior Residents in Petrozavodsk
AbstractThe goal of our study was to investigate the elemental status in Petrozavodsk residents from senior age groups compared to analogous values recorded in the residents of Russia ’s central regions. We based our investigations on hair analysis, using the techniques of atomic emission spectrometry and inductively coupled argon plasma mass spectrometry. Our investigations have shown no deviations in the Al, As, Be, and Ni contents in hair. We found insignificant deviations i n the Cd, Li, Sn, and V contents. We recorded deviations towards higher values in the hair concentrations of toxic Hg and Pb and in the condition...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
The Use of Natural Platelet Autoplasma and Its Thermally Processed Modifications for Correction of Age-Related Changes of Skin
AbstractThis paper presents the results of a comparative prospective study of correcting age-related changes in facial and neck skin of 72 patients using native platelet auto plasma, as well as a new method for obtaining thermally processed modifications of it via denaturation of protein plasma fractions when heated in a thermostat to different temperatures (Patent No. 2629527/August 29, 2017). The results obtained suggest that the use of a combination of native platelet auto plasma (PAP) with its thermally processed modifications to correct age-related changes in the skin of the face and neck is more effective than monoth...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Young and Old Animals Use Different Strategies for Forming an Immune Response to Infectious Agents ( Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli )
AbstractThis paper presents the results of a study of the features of the immune response to the injection of bacterial suspension (Pseudomonas aeruginosa andEscherichia coli) in young (3 months) and old (20 months) Wistar rats at 3, 5, and 7 days after infection. We assessed the contents of circulating immune complexes (CICs) and complement components C3 in dynamics and the activity of oxygen-dependent and oxygen-independent phagocytosis. Bacterial infection was accompanied by a multiple increase in the content of circulating immune complexes in young and, especially, in old animals. It remained at a high level from the t...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Regression of Survivability Variance on the Cohort Age in Drosophila melanogaster. I. Survivability: Reaction Norm and Its Inheritance
AbstractA standard analysis of survivability implies counting the share of living individuals in a cohort at a certain moment in time. We analyze in this work the regression of survivability variance on cohort age in several generations ofDrosophila melanogaster Canton-S stock. This estimation reflects the reaction norm for survivability. The approach reveals at least three age phases. The first and second can be approximated by an exponential equation and the third by a logistic dose-response curve. Parameters of these equations remain stable for tens of generations and must therefore be highly heritable. (Source: Advances in Gerontology)
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Correlations of the Parameters of Carbohydrate Metabolism and Saturated Fatty Acids in the Blood Serum of Elderly People
AbstractThe study involves 106 elderly subjects (61 –74 years old) living in the Arctic; 42 of them are residents of the Subarctic region (SR) and 64, of the Arctic region (AR). The contents of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) comprising short chain (SCFA), medium chain (MCFA), and long chain (LCFA) fatty acids, are determined by gas liquid chromatogra phy of the blood serum. The parameters of the carbohydrate metabolism are assessed by spectrophotometry. Correlation analysis demonstrates the absence of statistically significant correlations of glucose, lactate, and pyruvate levels with the contents of SCFAs, MCFAs, and LCFA...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Age-Related Dynamics of the Content of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMP-1, -2, -3, and -9) and Tissue Inhibitors of Matrix Metalloproteinases (TIMP-1, -2, and -4) in Blood Plasma of Residents of the European Part of Russia ’s Arctic Zone
AbstractThis work presents the results of the first ever study of the enzymes involved in the regulation of extracellular matrix metabolism in the European part of Russia ’s Arctic zone. The content of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, -2, -3, and -9) and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP-1, -2, and -4) in blood plasma was evaluated in 91 men, residents of the European part of the Russian Arctic (67° N) and 14 men, residents of Western Siberia ( 55° N). The content of MMP-1 and MMP-9, as well as TIMP-1 and TIMP-4 in the blood plasma was higher in northerners relative to the Western Siberia residents....
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Age-Related Structural Changes in Primary Visual Cortex Cells of Rats under High-Intensity Light Exposure
AbstractAn experiment using 20 white male Wistar rats has shown that exposure to 3500 lux of light for 7 days causes morphological changes in the II, IV, and V layers of the primary visual cortex. This was seen in an increased percentage of reversibly and irreversibly altered neurons, mainly in the fourth layer of 18-month-old rats (p≤ 0.05). In response to light exposure, the percentage of hyperchromic wrinkled neurons in 18‑month-old rats rises to 6% (5; 8.5), the percentage of neurons with total chromatolysis rises to 10% (8.5; 14) compared to a 1% (0.5; 14) and 6% (5; 8) rise in 3-month-old rats respectively (p...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Reflections of a Geriatrician or Polemical Remarks on the Paper by V.S. Myakotnykh “Age-Associated Pathology and the Place of Geriatrics as a Medical Specialty (Reflections of a Clinician)”
(Source: Advances in Gerontology)
Source: Advances in Gerontology - July 1, 2018 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
