Effect of Aging on the Behavior and Brain Expression of Genes Encoding Kaiso, BDNF, CREB, and STEP Proteins in Mice
AbstractMolecular genetic factors, including DNA methylation, play a significant role in the regulation of brain aging. Methyl-CpG DNA-binding Kaiso protein is a bimodal repressor of transcription. However, its involvement in the aging process has not been previously studied. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), transcription factor CREB, and striatal-enriched protein tyrosine phosphatase STEP are also important indicators of age-related and pathological changes in the brain. In this work, we studied the behavior in the open field, tail suspension, and Morris water maze tests, as well as the mRNA levels of the genes e...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - January 1, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
COVID-19, Retroelements, and Aging
AbstractThe review presents an analysis of the scientific data on the characteristics of COVID-19 from the perspective of potential interactions between the virus and the host genome retroelements. According to global statistical data, severe COVID-19 with immune-system hyperactivity is observed mainly in elderly people. At the same time, aging is characterized by a decrease in immune responses. This paradox may be resolved by the assumption that DNA regions that can move along the genome with the “copy and paste” mechanism (retroelements) may play a role in COVID-19 development; these elements are characterized by abn...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - January 1, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Interacting Protein (AIP) in the Human Dermis with Aging
AbstractThe goal of the present work was to study the content of aryl hydrocarbon receptor –interacting protein (AIP) in dermal fibroblasts from the age of 20 weeks of fetal development and to the age of 85 years and to determine the significance of AIP for age-related changes in the fibroblast number in the human dermis. AIP and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were revealed i n skin sections with an indirect immunochemical method. The results demonstrated that a proportion of dermal fibroblasts with positive staining for AIP gradually increases from 20 weeks of fetal development to the age of 85 years. The tot...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - January 1, 2021 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Effect of Treatment with Inactive Vitamin D on the Intracranial Blood Flow in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
AbstractThe goal of the work was to assess the dynamics of ultrasound parameters of renal blood flow in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the initial stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) upon treatment with inactive vitamin D. The study included 264 patients with COPD the second to fourth degrees of severity in combination with CKD of stages I –II: 135 patients in the main group and 129 patients in the control group. Each group was divided into four subgroups according to the FEV1 and vitamin D levels. Native vitamin D was prescribed according to a scheme allowing the maintenance of vitamin...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2020 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
First Results from the Analysis of the Activity of the Cancer Service of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation Based on Its Created Population Cancer Register
AbstractThe fully formed database of the Population Cancer Registry (PCR database) of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation in February 2019 has significantly expanded the ability to assess objectively the activities of the cancer service on the more reliable basis of analytical materials. In Russia, it was possible for the first time to conduct epidemiological studies of malignant tumors for rare tumor locations for all age groups and on calculations of patient survival rates. The PCR database has more than 1 million observations and includes all of the headings and subheadings of ICD-10 for class II...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2020 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Status and Prospects of Gerontology and Geriatrics in the Kyrgyz Republic
AbstractThe article analyzes the situation with the development of gerontology in the Kyrgyz Republic. The long-term process of setting up the gerontological service in the country and its achievements are described in detail. A positive fact is that international organizations and the state and society itself began to pay attention to the issue of older people. Despite the tangible success achieved in the development of the service, there are still pressing problems that require urgent measures, especially the development of the geriatric service, which today does not meet the modern challenges of aging. The important rol...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2020 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Characteristics of the Immunoresponse in Elderly People and Autoimmunity
AbstractAging is a highly complex process that results in the dysregulation of all systems in the human organism. The most important changes in the immune system, which are collectively known as immunosenescence, include lower levels of immunoresponse to infections, increased levels of proinflammatory mediators, and weakened control over self-reactive clones. In elderly people, immunoscenescence is usually observed along with low-grade, aseptic inflammation (inflammaging) which is considered to be associated with a higher incidence of chronic, noninfectious, age-related diseases. This paper discusses the main changes in th...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2020 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Participation of FAS- and TNF-Dependent Pathways in Apoptosis Mechanisms in Hypothalamus in Physiological and Pathological Aging
AbstractCellular resistance to apoptosis can be related to the activity of cytokine-dependent signaling. Thus, the goal of the work is to study the mechanisms of cytokine-dependent, FAS/TNF-mediated regulation of apoptosis of neurosecretory cells in physiological and pathological (overexpression of the oncogene HER-2/Neu) aging. Transgenic, accelerated-aged HER-2/Neu mice of different ages and wild-type FVB/N mice were examined. The apoptosis level of neurons in hypothalamic sections (supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei) (TUNEL) and the expression of caspase-8, CD178 (FASL), FAS, FADD, and TRADD (Western blotting) was de...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2020 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
An Older Woman in the Local Community in Russia: Neighbors, Nongovernmental Organizations, and the Housing and Communal System
AbstractThe article examines the development of the local self-organization of retired women who are actively involved in the resolution of housing issues at their place of residence in St. Petersburg. The socio-spatial approach to aging, which is also referred to as “aging in place/in a community,” serves as the theoretical framework. This type of aging requires an active approach to the customary environment of the elderly and their support. Groups of older women generate activists who have free time and the necessary competencies and who are ready to prom ote the interests of all of the residents of an apartment bui...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2020 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Possibilities in the Prediction of Cardiac Arrhythmias and Conductivity Disorders in Former Athletes
AbstractA retrospective analysis of medical records of 39 former male athletes with cardiovascular complaints (mean age 61.6 ± 11.3 years, mean duration of career in sports 23.9 ± 17.3 years, mean duration of the postathletic period 20.1 ± 9.9 years) was carried out in order to analyze the relationship between the athletic qualifications and cardiac arrhythmias and conductivity disorders in former athletes. The patient s were screened for cardiac arrhythmias and conductivity disorders and underwent echocardiography. The overall prevalence of sustained paroxysms of atrial fibrillation was 42%; it increased with athletic ...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2020 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Morbidity, Mortality, and Reliability of Accounting of Patients of Different Age Groups with Liver Cancer in Russia
AbstractLiver cancer is a severe oncopathology. Mortality exceeds the number of primary patients in Russia on average. Every year in Russia, more than 8000 (8810 in 2018) cases of liver cancer and more than 10 000 (10 018 in 2018) deaths from this cause are registered. Standard methods of medical statistics and all registered primary cases of liver cancer in Russia were used. The material was developed in depth based on the database of the Population cancer register of the Northwestern Federal Distri ct of the Russian Federation. The data of the whole complex of available information in Russia as a whole was analyzed....
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2020 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
The Role of Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment in the Treatment of Cancer Patients of Elderly and Senile Age
AbstractModern approaches to the organization of the diagnosis and treatment of elderly and senile patients with malignant tumors make it possible to improve the quality of life and increase life expectancy. Assessment of the geriatric status in oncology allows the prediction of complications during complex treatment, including drug treatment; the modification of treatment to reduce risk factors for adverse outcomes; and the selection of patients for specialized treatment with standard schemes. Thus, the timely assessment of geriatric syndromes and their correction can expand the indications for specialized treatment of el...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2020 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Theory and Practice of Aging during the COVID-19 Pandemic
AbstractNever before in history has population aging been a driving factor in epidemics to the same extent as with the current COVID-19 pandemic, with its dramatic shift in mortality towards older age groups. The paper presents the results of an analysis of the COVID-19-related mortality data for Spain, Italy, and Sweden, which show that within the 30- to 90-year age range, the logarithms of mortality rate depend on age linearly, and all regression lines are strictly parallel to the lines corresponding to the dependencies of the general mortality on age in accordance with the Gompertz law. In all cases, irrespective of the...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2020 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Factor Structure of Coping Behavior in Elderly People Taking Geronto-Educational Programs
AbstractResearch aimed at increasing the social adaptation and productivity of retirees is of theoretical and practical significance due to the growing share of elderly people in Russia ’s total population. The relevance of this study is due to the contradiction between the theoretical and practical significance of the problem of coping behavior in elderly people and its insufficient development in gerontopsychology. The goal of this paper is a theoretical substantiation, identif ication, and discussion of the results of factor analysis of the structure of coping behavior in subjects of geronto-educational programs. Theo...
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2020 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
Assessment of Drug Therapy in Psychiatric Elderly Patients Based on the Beers Criteria of the American Geriatrics Society
This study was carried out with the Beers criteria, an antipolypharmacy tool developed under the auspices of the American Geriatrics Society. The study indicates a high frequency of use of PIMs from the following pharmacological groups: benzodiazepine derivatives, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (long-term use), and drugs with significant anticholinergic potential. The AGS Beers criteria can help optimize treatment for older psychiatric patients and increase the safety of pharmacotherapy. (Source: Advances in Gerontology)
Source: Advances in Gerontology - October 1, 2020 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
