Emergence of OXA-48-producing < em > Klebsiella pneumoniae < /em > in Lithuania, 2023: a multi-cluster, multi-hospital outbreak
Euro Surveill. 2024 Apr;29(16):2400188. doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.16.2400188.ABSTRACTIn 2023, an increase of OXA-48-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was noticed by the Lithuanian National Public Health Surveillance Laboratory. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of 106 OXA-48-producing K. pneumoniae isolates revealed three distinct clusters of carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae high-risk clones, including sequence type (ST) 45 (n = 35 isolates), ST392 (n = 32) and ST395 (n = 28), involving six, six and nine hospitals in different regions, respectively. These results enabled targeted investigation and control, and under...
Source: Euro Surveill - April 19, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Paulius Grei čius Marius Linkevicius Jelena Razmuk Jekaterina Sinotova Erik Alm Olov Svartstr öm Valeria Bortolaia Egl ė Kudirkienė Louise Roer Rene S Hendriksen Gabija Tamoli ūnaitė Daniel Palm Dominique L Monnet Anke Kohlenberg Algirdas Gri škevi Source Type: research
Rapid molecular epidemiology investigations into two recent measles outbreaks in Israel detected from October 2023 to January 2024
In this study, we validate transmission pathways uncovered by epidemiological investigations using a rapid molecular approach, based on complete measles virus genomes. The presented findings support this rapid molecular approach in complementing conventional contact tracing and highlight its potential for informing public health interventions.PMID:38639095 | PMC:PMC11027474 | DOI:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.16.2400202 (Source: Euro Surveill)
Source: Euro Surveill - April 19, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Efrat Bucris Victoria Indenbaum Tal Levin Yara Kanaaneh Keren Friedman Tatyana Kushnir Rivka Sheffer Michal Savion Matanelle Salama Noa Di-Castro Kozita Labay Maya Butera Baraah Shihada Zohar Mor Yaniv Lustig Neta S Zuckerman Source Type: research
Evolution and Antigenic Differentiation of Avian Influenza A(H7N9) Virus, China
Emerg Infect Dis. 2024 Apr 19;30(6). doi: 10.3201/eid3006.230530. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTWe characterized the evolution and molecular characteristics of avian influenza A(H7N9) viruses isolated in China during 2021-2023. We systematically analyzed the 10-year evolution of the hemagglutinin gene to determine the evolutionary branch. Our results showed recent antigenic drift, providing crucial clues for updating the H7N9 vaccine and disease prevention and control.PMID:38640498 | DOI:10.3201/eid3006.230530 (Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases)
Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases - April 19, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Yang Liu Yuhua Chen Zhiyi Yang Yaozhong Lin Siyuan Fu Junhong Chen Lingyu Xu Tengfei Liu Beibei Niu Qiuhong Huang Haixia Liu Chaofeng Zheng Ming Liao Weixin Jia Source Type: research
The Hidden Enemy Within: Uncovering the Secrets of HIV Tissues Reservoirs and Current mRNA Vaccine Development
Curr HIV Res. 2024 Apr 18. doi: 10.2174/011570162X301593240409072840. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHuman Immunodeficiency Viruses (HIV) continue to pose a significant global health threat despite the availability of antiretroviral therapy (ART). As a retrovirus, HIV persists as a stable, integrated, and replication-competent provirus within a diverse array of long-lived cells for many years, often termed "latent reservoirs" in individuals. Thus, this review aims to furnish a comprehensive overview of diverse tissue reservoirs where HIV persists, elucidating their pathogenesis and advancement in their strategies for clinic...
Source: Current HIV Research - April 19, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Satyendra Prakash Mayank Kumar Source Type: research
Outcomes of Total Hip Arthroplasty Performed for HIV-Associated Osteonecrosis in China: A Retrospective Cohort Study
CONCLUSION: THA is safe and effective in Chinese AIDS patients with ONFH. However, optimal treatment has limited efficacy in AIDS patients undergoing THA for ONFH. The reconsideration and evaluation of the predictive value of CD4+ T lymphocytes for postoperative complications in joint replacement procedures is warranted.PMID:38638043 | DOI:10.2174/011570162X302889240408033958 (Source: Current HIV Research)
Source: Current HIV Research - April 19, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Kangpeng Li Rui Ma Rugang Zhao Qiang Zhang Source Type: research
Nutritional Value, Therapeutic Effects, Phytochemistry, and Toxicology of Lepisanthes fruticosa: A Review
Curr Top Med Chem. 2024 Apr 18. doi: 10.2174/0115680266300963240408051156. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe multifaceted benefits of Lepisanthes fruticosa position it is not only as a promising agricultural commodity but also as a versatile resource with implications for health, biodiversity, and economic growth. Lepisanthes fruticosa has a rich history of traditional use for treating various ailments such as fever and diarrhea. Beyond its traditional uses, the plant's antioxidant properties suggest potential applications in combating oxidative stress-related conditions. Its antihyperglycemic properties indicate promise i...
Source: Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry - April 19, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Lim Joe Siang Harish Rajak Veerasamy Ravichandran Source Type: research
Structure optimizing of flavonoids against both MRSA and VRE
Eur J Med Chem. 2024 Apr 16;271:116401. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116401. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMethicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) cause more than 100,000 deaths each year, which need efficient and non-resistant antibacterial agents. SAR analysis of 162 flavonoids from the plant in this paper suggested that lipophilic group at C-3 was crucial, and then 63 novel flavonoid derivatives were designed and total synthesized. Among them, the most promising K15 displayed potent bactericidal activity against clinically isolated MRSA and VRE (MICs = 0.25-1.00 μg/mL...
Source: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry - April 19, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Mei-Zhen Wei Yan-Yan Zhu Wen-Biao Zu Huan Wang Li-Yu Bai Zhong-Shun Zhou Yun-Li Zhao Zhao-Jie Wang Xiao-Dong Luo Source Type: research
Identification of CH < sub > 2 < /sub > -linked quinolone-aminopyrimidine hybrids as potent anti-MRSA agents: Low resistance potential and lack of cross-resistance with fluoroquinolone antibiotics
Eur J Med Chem. 2024 Apr 11;271:116399. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116399. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe structural optimization of B14, an antibacterial agent we previously obtained, has led to the discovery of a new class of CH2-linked quinolone-aminopyrimidine hybrids with potent anti-MRSA activities. Surprisingly, the hybrids lacking a C-6 fluoro atom at the quinolone nucleus showed equal or even stronger anti-MRSA activities than their corresponding 6-fluoro counterparts, despite the well-established structure-activity relationships (SARs) indicating that the 6-fluoro substituent enhances the antibacterial activit...
Source: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry - April 19, 2024 Category: Chemistry Authors: Hongxue Dai Yue Hu Yiwen Zhang Qi Zhu Tao Xu Peng Cui Renhua Fan Qiuqin He Source Type: research
Soluble Human Lectins at the Host-Microbe Interface
Annu Rev Biochem. 2024 Apr 19. doi: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-062917-012322. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHuman lectins are integral to maintaining microbial homeostasis on the skin, in the blood, and at mucosal barriers. These proteins can recognize microbial glycans and inform the host about its microbial status. In accordance with their roles, their production can vary with tissue type. They also can have unique structural and biochemical properties, and they can influence microbial colonization at sites proximal and distal to their tissue of origin. In line with their classification as innate immune proteins, soluble le...
Source: Annual Review of Biochemistry - April 19, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Amanda L Peiffer A E Dugan L L Kiessling Source Type: research
Proposal of model for personalized early adapted cancer screening in people living with HIV: experience of "Gaetano Martino" Hospital University of Messina
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2024 Apr;28(7):2929-2942. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202404_35924.ABSTRACTHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection has historically been related to the development of specific cancers, some of which are so closely linked to the infection, such as Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS), that they have earned the name Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)-defining cancers (ADCs). While the development of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has decreased the incidence of AIDS-defining cancers, the resulting aging of people living with HIV (PLWH) highlighted an increased occurrence of other forms of cancer. At the "Gaeta...
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - April 19, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: G F Pellican ò A Squeri G Ciappina R Squeri V I Palmara S Parisi I Campo C Saitta M Rossanese E Di Trapani S Mancuso N Catalano A Allegra G Mancuso G Murolo A Bignucolo D A Restivo P Consolo M Berretta Source Type: research
Optimizing Antimicrobial Stewardship in the Emergency Department
Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2024 May;42(2):443-459. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2024.02.003. Epub 2024 Mar 12.ABSTRACTAntibiotic stewardship is a core component of emergency department (ED) practice and impacts patient safety, clinical outcomes, and public health. The unique characteristics of ED practice, including crowding, time pressure, and diagnostic uncertainty, need to be considered when implementing antibiotic stewardship interventions in this setting. Rapid advances in pathogen detection and host response biomarkers promise to revolutionize the diagnosis of infectious diseases in the ED, but such tests are not yet considered ...
Source: The Medical Clinics of North America - April 19, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Julia Sapozhnikov Fritzie S Albarillo Michael S Pulia Source Type: research
The Intersection of Substance Use Disorders and Infectious Diseases in the Emergency Department
Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2024 May;42(2):391-413. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2024.02.004. Epub 2024 Mar 12.ABSTRACTSubstance use disorders (SUDs) intersect clinically with many infectious diseases, leading to significant morbidity and mortality if either condition is inadequately treated. In this article, we will describe commonly seen SUDs in the emergency department (ED) as well as their associated infectious diseases, discuss social drivers of patient outcomes, and introduce novel ED-based interventions for co-occurring conditions. Clinicians should come away from this article with prescriptions for both antimicrobial medication...
Source: The Medical Clinics of North America - April 19, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Erik S Anderson Bradley W Frazee Source Type: research
Communicable Disease Screening and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Prevention in the Emergency Department
Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2024 May;42(2):369-389. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2024.02.007. Epub 2024 Mar 19.ABSTRACTEmergency departments (ED) provide care to populations with high rates of communicable diseases, like HIV, hepatitis C virus, and syphilis. For many patients, the ED is their sole entry point into the healthcare system and they do not routinely access screening and prevention services elsewhere. As such, the ED can serve an important public health role through communicable disease identification, treatment, and prevention. In this article, we examine national recommendations, peer-reviewed literature, and expert consen...
Source: The Medical Clinics of North America - April 19, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Douglas A E White Rachel E Solnick Source Type: research
Infectious Disease Emergencies
Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2024 May;42(2):xiii-xiv. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2024.02.024. Epub 2024 Mar 8.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38641400 | DOI:10.1016/j.emc.2024.02.024 (Source: The Medical Clinics of North America)
Source: The Medical Clinics of North America - April 19, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Amal Mattu Source Type: research
Frontiers in Emergency Department Infectious Disease Management
Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2024 May;42(2):xv-xvii. doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2024.02.009. Epub 2024 Feb 23.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38641401 | DOI:10.1016/j.emc.2024.02.009 (Source: The Medical Clinics of North America)
Source: The Medical Clinics of North America - April 19, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Bradley W Frazee Michael S Pulia Christopher M Colbert Source Type: research
