Molecules, Vol. 28, Pages 6918: Glucosamine Improves Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Induced by High-Fat and High-Sugar Diet through Regulating Intestinal Barrier Function, Liver Inflammation, and Lipid Metabolism
Zhengquan Su
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver disease syndrome. The prevalence of NAFLD has continued to increase globally, and NAFLD has become a worldwide public health problem. Glucosamine (GLC) is an amino monosaccharide derivative of glucose. GLC has been proven to not only be effective in anti-inflammation applications, but also to modulate the gut microbiota effectively. Therefore, in this study, the therapeutic effect of GLC in the NAFLD context and the mechanisms underlying these effects were explored. Specifically, an NAFLD model was established by feeding mice a high-fat and high-sugar d...
Source: Molecules - October 3, 2023 Category: Chemistry Authors: Feng Li Zhengyan Zhang Yan Bai Qishi Che Hua Cao Jiao Guo Zhengquan Su Tags: Article Source Type: research
Metabolomic analysis of serum samples from a clinical study on ipragliflozin and metformin treatment in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: Exploring human metabolites associated with visceral fat reduction
ConclusionsMetabolites that may affect visceral fat reduction were detected in the ipragliflozin group. Studies are required to further elucidate the underlying mechanisms. (Source: Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy)
Source: Pharmacotherapy: The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy - September 29, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ayano Tsukagoshi ‐Yamaguchi,
Masaya Koshizaka,
Ryoichi Ishibashi,
Ko Ishikawa,
Takahiro Ishikawa,
Mayumi Shoji,
Shintaro Ide,
Kana Ide,
Yusuke Baba,
Ryo Terayama,
Akiko Hattori,
Minoru Takemoto,
Yasuo Ouchi,
Yoshiro Maezawa,
Koutaro Yokote Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
< em > Streptomyces fuscus < /em > sp. nov., a brown-black pigment producing actinomycete isolated from dry mudflat sand
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2023 Sep;73(9). doi: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006047.ABSTRACTA novel Gram-stain-positive, aerobic actinobacterial strain, designated GXMU-J15T, was isolated from dry mudflat sand. A polyphasic approach was employed for its taxonomic characterization. The strain developed extensively branched yellowish white to light yellow substrate mycelia and white aerial mycelia, and produced smooth cylindrical spores in a loose straight spore chain on International Streptomyces Project 2-7 agar media. Strain GXMU-J15T grew at 20-50 °C (optimum, 35 °C), at pH 5.0-8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and in the presence of 0-8 % (w/...
Source: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology - September 27, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Junjie Xie Hongyan Zhang Xia Xu Kexin Yang Junchao Ou Dengfeng Yang Yi Jiang Mingguo Jiang Naikun Shen Source Type: research
< em > Streptomyces fuscus < /em > sp. nov., a brown-black pigment producing actinomycete isolated from dry mudflat sand
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2023 Sep;73(9). doi: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006047.ABSTRACTA novel Gram-stain-positive, aerobic actinobacterial strain, designated GXMU-J15T, was isolated from dry mudflat sand. A polyphasic approach was employed for its taxonomic characterization. The strain developed extensively branched yellowish white to light yellow substrate mycelia and white aerial mycelia, and produced smooth cylindrical spores in a loose straight spore chain on International Streptomyces Project 2-7 agar media. Strain GXMU-J15T grew at 20-50 °C (optimum, 35 °C), at pH 5.0-8.0 (optimum, pH 7.0) and in the presence of 0-8 % (w/...
Source: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology - September 27, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Junjie Xie Hongyan Zhang Xia Xu Kexin Yang Junchao Ou Dengfeng Yang Yi Jiang Mingguo Jiang Naikun Shen Source Type: research
B-1 B Cell-Derived Natural Antibodies against N-Acetyl-d-Glucosamine Suppress Autoimmune Diabetes Pathogenesis
We report that neonatal immunization with group A Streptococcus suppresses T1D development in NOD mice by promoting clonal expansion of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc)-specific B-1 B cells that recognize pancreatic β cell-derived Ags bearing GlcNAc-containing posttranslational modifications. Early exposure to Lancefield group A cell-wall carbohydrate Ags increased production of GlcNAc-reactive serum Abs and enhanced localization of innate-like GlcNAc-specific B cells to pancreatic tissue during T1D pathogenesis. We show that B-1 B cell-derived GlcNAc-specific IgM engages apoptosis-associated β cell Ags, thereby suppressi...
Source: Journal of Immunology - September 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: J Stewart New Brian L P Dizon R Glenn King Neil S Greenspan John F Kearney Source Type: research
B-1 B Cell-Derived Natural Antibodies against N-Acetyl-d-Glucosamine Suppress Autoimmune Diabetes Pathogenesis
We report that neonatal immunization with group A Streptococcus suppresses T1D development in NOD mice by promoting clonal expansion of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc)-specific B-1 B cells that recognize pancreatic β cell-derived Ags bearing GlcNAc-containing posttranslational modifications. Early exposure to Lancefield group A cell-wall carbohydrate Ags increased production of GlcNAc-reactive serum Abs and enhanced localization of innate-like GlcNAc-specific B cells to pancreatic tissue during T1D pathogenesis. We show that B-1 B cell-derived GlcNAc-specific IgM engages apoptosis-associated β cell Ags, thereby suppressi...
Source: Journal of Immunology - September 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: J Stewart New Brian L P Dizon R Glenn King Neil S Greenspan John F Kearney Source Type: research
B-1 B Cell-Derived Natural Antibodies against N-Acetyl-d-Glucosamine Suppress Autoimmune Diabetes Pathogenesis
We report that neonatal immunization with group A Streptococcus suppresses T1D development in NOD mice by promoting clonal expansion of N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc)-specific B-1 B cells that recognize pancreatic β cell-derived Ags bearing GlcNAc-containing posttranslational modifications. Early exposure to Lancefield group A cell-wall carbohydrate Ags increased production of GlcNAc-reactive serum Abs and enhanced localization of innate-like GlcNAc-specific B cells to pancreatic tissue during T1D pathogenesis. We show that B-1 B cell-derived GlcNAc-specific IgM engages apoptosis-associated β cell Ags, thereby suppressi...
Source: Journal of Immunology - September 25, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: J Stewart New Brian L P Dizon R Glenn King Neil S Greenspan John F Kearney Source Type: research
The Biodistribution and Utility of 99mTc-Ethylenedicysteine-Deoxyglucose (99mTc-Glucosamine) in the Identification of Active Disease in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis —a Single Center Prospective Study
Conclusion99mTc-ECDG can efficiently assess disease activity in the joints of patients with RA. It accumulates in sites of both clinical and subclinical disease and might be a very useful tool for the rheumatologist in the management of patients with RA. (Source: Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging)
Source: Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging - September 25, 2023 Category: Nuclear Medicine Source Type: research
At the outer part of the active site in Trypanosoma cruzi glucokinase: The role of phenylalanine 337
In this study, F337 was changed to leucine and alanine so as to diminish phenylalanine's side chain size and attenuate intermolecular interactions in this region of the binding cavity. Results from enzyme - inhibitor assays revealed that the phenyl group of F337 made dominant hydrophobic interactions with the phenyl group of CBZ-GlcN as opposed to π - π stacking interactions. Moreover, enzymatic activity assays and X-ray crystallographic experiments indicated that each of these site-directed mutants primarily retained their activity and had high structural similarity of their protein fold. A computed structure model of T...
Source: Biochimie - September 23, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Shane M Carey Sean P Kearns Matthew E Millington Gregory S Buechner Beda E Alvarez Leily Daneshian Brendan Abiskaroon Maksymilian Chruszcz Edward L D'Antonio Source Type: research
At the outer part of the active site in Trypanosoma cruzi glucokinase: The role of phenylalanine 337
In this study, F337 was changed to leucine and alanine so as to diminish phenylalanine's side chain size and attenuate intermolecular interactions in this region of the binding cavity. Results from enzyme - inhibitor assays revealed that the phenyl group of F337 made dominant hydrophobic interactions with the phenyl group of CBZ-GlcN as opposed to π - π stacking interactions. Moreover, enzymatic activity assays and X-ray crystallographic experiments indicated that each of these site-directed mutants primarily retained their activity and had high structural similarity of their protein fold. A computed structure model of T...
Source: Biochimie - September 23, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Shane M Carey Sean P Kearns Matthew E Millington Gregory S Buechner Beda E Alvarez Leily Daneshian Brendan Abiskaroon Maksymilian Chruszcz Edward L D'Antonio Source Type: research
A novel endo-type chitinase possessing chitobiase activity derived from the chitinolytic bacterium, Chitiniphilus shinanonensis SAY3T
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2023 Sep 15:zbad134. doi: 10.1093/bbb/zbad134. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOne of the chitinases (ChiG) derived from the chitinolytic bacterium Chitiniphilus shinanonensis SAY3T exhibited chitobiase activity cleaving dimers of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) into monomers, which is not detected in typical endo-type chitinases. Analysis of the reaction products for GlcNAc hexamers revealed that all the five internal glycosidic bonds were cleaved at the initial stage. The overall reaction catalyzed by chitobiases toward GlcNAc dimers was similar to that catalyzed by N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidases (N...
Source: Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry - September 15, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sayaka Okazaki Akane Komatsu Moe Nakano Goro Taguchi Makoto Shimosaka Source Type: research
Structure-based mining of a chitosanase with distinctive degradation mode and product specificity
This study succeeded in discovering a chitosanase with distinctive degradation modes, which could facilitate the mechanistic understanding of chitosanases, further empowering the production of chitosan derivates with specific DP. KEY POINTS: • Structural docking and evolutionary analysis guide to mining the chitosanase. • The endo-chitosanase exhibits a unique GlcN-producing cleavage pattern. • The cleavage direction of chitosanase to produce GlcN was identified.PMID:37713113 | DOI:10.1007/s00253-023-12741-8 (Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology)
Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - September 15, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Haipeng Su Jianan Sun Chaoran Guo Yongzhen Wang Francesco Secundo Hao Dong Xiangzhao Mao Source Type: research
A novel endo-type chitinase possessing chitobiase activity derived from the chitinolytic bacterium, Chitiniphilus shinanonensis SAY3T
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2023 Sep 15:zbad134. doi: 10.1093/bbb/zbad134. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOne of the chitinases (ChiG) derived from the chitinolytic bacterium Chitiniphilus shinanonensis SAY3T exhibited chitobiase activity cleaving dimers of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) into monomers, which is not detected in typical endo-type chitinases. Analysis of the reaction products for GlcNAc hexamers revealed that all the five internal glycosidic bonds were cleaved at the initial stage. The overall reaction catalyzed by chitobiases toward GlcNAc dimers was similar to that catalyzed by N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidases (N...
Source: Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry - September 15, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sayaka Okazaki Akane Komatsu Moe Nakano Goro Taguchi Makoto Shimosaka Source Type: research
Structure-based mining of a chitosanase with distinctive degradation mode and product specificity
This study succeeded in discovering a chitosanase with distinctive degradation modes, which could facilitate the mechanistic understanding of chitosanases, further empowering the production of chitosan derivates with specific DP. KEY POINTS: • Structural docking and evolutionary analysis guide to mining the chitosanase. • The endo-chitosanase exhibits a unique GlcN-producing cleavage pattern. • The cleavage direction of chitosanase to produce GlcN was identified.PMID:37713113 | DOI:10.1007/s00253-023-12741-8 (Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology)
Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - September 15, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Haipeng Su Jianan Sun Chaoran Guo Yongzhen Wang Francesco Secundo Hao Dong Xiangzhao Mao Source Type: research
