A novel endo-type chitinase possessing chitobiase activity derived from the chitinolytic bacterium, Chitiniphilus shinanonensis SAY3T
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2023 Sep 15:zbad134. doi: 10.1093/bbb/zbad134. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOne of the chitinases (ChiG) derived from the chitinolytic bacterium Chitiniphilus shinanonensis SAY3T exhibited chitobiase activity cleaving dimers of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) into monomers, which is not detected in typical endo-type chitinases. Analysis of the reaction products for GlcNAc hexamers revealed that all the five internal glycosidic bonds were cleaved at the initial stage. The overall reaction catalyzed by chitobiases toward GlcNAc dimers was similar to that catalyzed by N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidases (N...
Source: Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry - September 15, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sayaka Okazaki Akane Komatsu Moe Nakano Goro Taguchi Makoto Shimosaka Source Type: research
Molecules, Vol. 28, Pages 6591: Green-Chemical Strategies for Production of Tailor-Made Chitooligosaccharides with Enhanced Biological Activities
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Chitooligosaccharides (COSs) are b-1,4-linked homo-oligosaccharides of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) or glucosamine (GlcN), and also include hetero-oligosaccharides composed of GlcNAc and GlcN. These sugars are of practical importance because of their various biological activities, such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor activities, as well as triggering the innate immunity in plants. The reported data on bioactivities of COSs used to contain some uncertainties or contradictions, because the experiments were conducted with poorly characterized COS mixtures. Recently, COSs have been sati...
Source: Molecules - September 13, 2023 Category: Chemistry Authors: Reeba Thomas Tamo Fukamizo Wipa Suginta Tags: Review Source Type: research
β3GNT9 as a prognostic biomarker in glioblastoma and its association with glioblastoma immune infiltration, migration and invasion
ConclusionThe increased expression of β3GNT9 in glioblastoma can affect the immune microenvironment of glioblastoma and promote its migration and invasion. β3GNT9 can be used as a potential independent prognostic biomarker for patients with glioblastoma. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - September 12, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Roles of the structural units, glycotopes / mammalian N-glycans for Con A-glycan interactions, their codes, and their recognition factors
In this study, the recognition factors involved in these interactions were analyzed by our well developed method- the enzyme linked lectinosorbent (ELLSA) and inhibition assay. Based on all the data obtained, it is concluded that Con A, as previously reported, has a relatively broad and wide recognition ability of the Manα1 → and Glcα1 → related glycans. It reacted not only strongly with yeast mannan and glycogens, but also bound well with a large number of mammalianN-glycans, including theN-glycans of rat sublingual gp (RSL), human Tamm-Horsfall glycoprotein (THGP), thyroglobulin and lactoferrin. The recog...
Source: Glycoconjugate Journal - September 11, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research
Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) optimized deletion mutant as the host for whole-cell biotransformation of N ‑acetyl‑D‑neuraminic acid
In this study, via single-plasmid biotransformation system, we showed that the AGE gene BT0453, cloned from human gut microorganism Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron VPI-5482, showed the highest biotransformation yield among the AGE genes tested; and there is no clear Neu5Ac yield difference between the BT0453 coupled with one aldolase coding nanA gene and two nanA genes. Next, Escherichia coli chromosomal genes involved in substrate degradation, product exportation and pH change were deleted via recombineering and CRISPR/Cas9. With the final E. coli BL21(DE3) ΔnanA Δnag ΔpoxB as host, a significant 16.5% yield improvement w...
Source: Biotechnology Letters - September 9, 2023 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Qiong Zhang Jiao Zhang Yanhong Shao Guangdong Shang Source Type: research
Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) optimized deletion mutant as the host for whole-cell biotransformation of N ‑acetyl‑D‑neuraminic acid
In this study, via single-plasmid biotransformation system, we showed that the AGE gene BT0453, cloned from human gut microorganism Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron VPI-5482, showed the highest biotransformation yield among the AGE genes tested; and there is no clear Neu5Ac yield difference between the BT0453 coupled with one aldolase coding nanA gene and two nanA genes. Next, Escherichia coli chromosomal genes involved in substrate degradation, product exportation and pH change were deleted via recombineering and CRISPR/Cas9. With the final E. coli BL21(DE3) ΔnanA Δnag ΔpoxB as host, a significant 16.5% yield improvement w...
Source: Biotechnology Letters - September 9, 2023 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Qiong Zhang Jiao Zhang Yanhong Shao Guangdong Shang Source Type: research
Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) optimized deletion mutant as the host for whole-cell biotransformation of N ‑acetyl‑D‑neuraminic acid
In this study, via single-plasmid biotransformation system, we showed that the AGE gene BT0453, cloned from human gut microorganism Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron VPI-5482, showed the highest biotransformation yield among the AGE genes tested; and there is no clear Neu5Ac yield difference between the BT0453 coupled with one aldolase coding nanA gene and two nanA genes. Next, Escherichia coli chromosomal genes involved in substrate degradation, product exportation and pH change were deleted via recombineering and CRISPR/Cas9. With the final E. coli BL21(DE3) ΔnanA Δnag ΔpoxB as host, a significant 16.5% yield improvement w...
Source: Biotechnology Letters - September 9, 2023 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Qiong Zhang Jiao Zhang Yanhong Shao Guangdong Shang Source Type: research
Italian Orthopaedic and Traumatology Society (SIOT) position statement on the non-surgical management of knee osteoarthritis
ConclusionsFor non-surgical management of knee OA, the recommended first step is to bring about lifestyle changes, particularly management of body weight combined with physical exercise and/or hydrotherapy. For acute symptoms, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), topic or oral, can be used. Opioids can only be used as third-line pharmacological treatment. Glucosamine and chondroitin are also suggested as chronic pharmacological treatment. Regarding intra-articular infiltrative therapy, the use of hyaluronic acid is recommended in cases of chronic knee OA [platelet-rich plasma (PRP) as second line), in the absenc...
Source: Journal of Orthopaedics and Traumatology - September 7, 2023 Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research
Extraction and characterization of Chitosan from Shell of Borassus flabellifer and their antibacterial and antioxidant applications
This study aimed to investigate the biological activity of chitosan extracted from B. flabellifer fruit shells and to analyze its molecular structure using FT-IR analysis. Results showed the presence of NH, OH, and CO stretching, indicating the presence of various functional groups in chitosan. Scanning electron microscopic study revealed the topography of the chitosan. Well-diffusion and MIC tests showed that chitosan exhibited activity against E. coli and S. aureus. The chitosan extract also exhibited potential antioxidant polymer by scavenging free radicals.PMID:37659486 | DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126592 (Source: Int...
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - September 2, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Vishwapriya Saravanan MubarakAli Davoodbasha Arjun Rajesh Thajuddin Nooruddin Sang-Yul Lee Jung-Wan Kim Source Type: research
Antibacterial activity of a polysaccharide isolated from Artemisia argyi leaf against Staphylococcus aureus and mechanism investigation
In this study, an Artemisia argyi leaf polysaccharide (AALP) fraction was extracted and analyzed. Chemical composition analysis showed that the carbohydrate, uronic acid, protein, and polyphenol content in AALP were 68.3 % ± 4.13 %, 9.4 % ± 0.86 %, 1.79 % ± 0.27 %, and 0.16 % ± 0.035 %, respectively. Chromatographic results suggested that AALP contained rhamnose, arabinose, glucosamine, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid in a molar ratio of 9.26, 1.35, 1.18, 3.04, 48.51, 2.33, 31.26, 3.93, and 9.08; the weight average molecular weight, number average molecular weight, and polydi...
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - September 1, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Qi Wang Xueyan Zhou Haiqin Gou He Chang Junyi Lan Jia Li Zhitao Li Minjie Gao Zichao Wang Yanjie Yi Na Li Source Type: research
Antibacterial activity of a polysaccharide isolated from Artemisia argyi leaf against Staphylococcus aureus and mechanism investigation
In this study, an Artemisia argyi leaf polysaccharide (AALP) fraction was extracted and analyzed. Chemical composition analysis showed that the carbohydrate, uronic acid, protein, and polyphenol content in AALP were 68.3 % ± 4.13 %, 9.4 % ± 0.86 %, 1.79 % ± 0.27 %, and 0.16 % ± 0.035 %, respectively. Chromatographic results suggested that AALP contained rhamnose, arabinose, glucosamine, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, galacturonic acid, and glucuronic acid in a molar ratio of 9.26, 1.35, 1.18, 3.04, 48.51, 2.33, 31.26, 3.93, and 9.08; the weight average molecular weight, number average molecular weight, and polydi...
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - September 1, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Qi Wang Xueyan Zhou Haiqin Gou He Chang Junyi Lan Jia Li Zhitao Li Minjie Gao Zichao Wang Yanjie Yi Na Li Source Type: research
Injectable gelatin/glucosamine cryogel microbeads as scaffolds for chondrocyte delivery in cartilage tissue engineering
In this study, we fabricate squeezable cryogel microbeads as injectable scaffolds for minimum invasive delivery of chondrocytes for cartilage tissue engineering applications. The microbeads with different glucosamine concentrations were prepared by combining the water-in-oil emulsion and cryogelation through crosslinking of gelatin with glutaraldehyde in the presence of glucosamine. The physicochemical characterization results show the successful preparation of cryogel microbeads with uniform shape and size, high porosity, large pore size, high water uptake capacity, and good injectability. In vitro analysis indicates prol...
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - August 26, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yen-Hsiang Huang Huai-An Chen Chih-Hao Chen Han-Tsung Liao Chang-Yi Kuo Jyh-Ping Chen Source Type: research
N-Acetylglucosamine mitigates lung injury and pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin
Biomed Pharmacother. 2023 Aug 24;166:115069. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115069. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTLung injury and pulmonary fibrosis contribute to morbidity and mortality, and, in particular, are characterized as leading cause on confirmed COVID-19 death. To date, efficient therapeutic approach for such lung diseases is lacking. N-Acetylglucosamine (NAG), an acetylated derivative of glucosamine, has been proposed as a potential protector of lung function in several types of lung diseases. The mechanism by which NAG protects against lung injury, however, remains unclear. Here, we show that NAG treatment improves...
Source: Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine and pharmacotherapie - August 26, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jinyu Li Xiaohui Xu Jiane Liu Yunqing Chen Shengxi Jin Guangmin Zhang Shulan Yin Jingqi Wang Kangqi Tian Xiaoyang Luan Xiaohua Tan Xiangzhong Zhao Na Zhang Zheng Wang Source Type: research
Injectable gelatin/glucosamine cryogel microbeads as scaffolds for chondrocyte delivery in cartilage tissue engineering
In this study, we fabricate squeezable cryogel microbeads as injectable scaffolds for minimum invasive delivery of chondrocytes for cartilage tissue engineering applications. The microbeads with different glucosamine concentrations were prepared by combining the water-in-oil emulsion and cryogelation through crosslinking of gelatin with glutaraldehyde in the presence of glucosamine. The physicochemical characterization results show the successful preparation of cryogel microbeads with uniform shape and size, high porosity, large pore size, high water uptake capacity, and good injectability. In vitro analysis indicates prol...
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - August 26, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yen-Hsiang Huang Huai-An Chen Chih-Hao Chen Han-Tsung Liao Chang-Yi Kuo Jyh-Ping Chen Source Type: research
