Ruxolitinib Prevents Pulmonary Function Decline Due to CLAD-BOS in an Adolescent Lung Transplant Recipient
Introduction: Ruxolitinib, an oral Janus-associated kinase 1 and 2 inhibitor, is approved for treatment of chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. Notably, ruxolitinib has shown promise as a therapy for bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) after HSCT leading to improvement in pulmonary function. However, it has not been reported for treatment of BOS phenotype chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) after lung transplantation. (Source: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation)
Source: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation - April 1, 2024 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: , J. Simpson, D. Hayes Source Type: research
Management and outcomes of bronchiolitis in Italy and Latin America: a multi-center, prospective, observational study
Conclusions: We found significant differences in the care for children with bronchiolitis in Italy and LA. Reasons behind such differences are unclear and would require further investigations to optimize and homogenize practice all over the world.What is Known:• Bronchiolitis is among the commest cause of morbidity and mortality in infants all over the world.What is New:• There are significant differences on how clinicians care for bronchiolitis in different centers and continents. Differences in care can be principally due to different local practices than differences in patients severity/presentations.• Understand...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - March 30, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-related Lung Disease
Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2024 Mar 28. doi: 10.1055/s-0044-1782653. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSystemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a multifaceted, multisystem autoimmune disorder with diverse clinical expressions. While prevalence reports vary widely, pulmonary involvement accounts for significant morbidity and mortality in SLE. This comprehensive review explores the spectrum of pulmonary disease in SLE, including upper airway manifestations (e.g., laryngeal affection), lower airway conditions (e.g., bronchitis, bronchiolitis, bronchiectasis), parenchymal diseases (e.g., interstitial lung disease, acute lupus pneumo...
Source: Respiratory Care - March 28, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Elisabeth Bendstrup Evelyn Lynn Anne Troldborg Source Type: research
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-related Lung Disease
Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2024 Mar 28. doi: 10.1055/s-0044-1782653. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTSystemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a multifaceted, multisystem autoimmune disorder with diverse clinical expressions. While prevalence reports vary widely, pulmonary involvement accounts for significant morbidity and mortality in SLE. This comprehensive review explores the spectrum of pulmonary disease in SLE, including upper airway manifestations (e.g., laryngeal affection), lower airway conditions (e.g., bronchitis, bronchiolitis, bronchiectasis), parenchymal diseases (e.g., interstitial lung disease, acute lupus pneumo...
Source: Respiratory Care - March 28, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Elisabeth Bendstrup Evelyn Lynn Anne Troldborg Source Type: research
ERS/EBMT clinical practice guidelines on treatment of pulmonary chronic graft-versus-host disease in adults
Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) is a common complication after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, characterised by a broad disease spectrum that can affect virtually any organ. Although pulmonary cGvHD is a less common manifestation, it is of great concern due to its severity and poor prognosis. Optimal management of patients with pulmonary cGvHD is complicated and no standardised approach is available. The purpose of this joint European Respiratory Society (ERS) and European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation task force was to develop evidence-based recommendations regarding the treat...
Source: European Respiratory Journal - March 28, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Bos, S., Murray, J., Marchetti, M., Cheng, G.-S., Bergeron, A., Wolff, D., Sander, C., Sharma, A., Badawy, S. M., Peric, Z., Piekarska, A., Pidala, J., Raj, K., Penack, O., Kulkarni, S., Beestrum, M., Linke, A., Rutter, M., Coleman, C., Tonia, T., Schoema Tags: Respiratory clinical practice Original Articles: ERS/EBMT guidelines Source Type: research
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus-related Lung Disease
Semin Respir Crit Care Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1782653Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a multifaceted, multisystem autoimmune disorder with diverse clinical expressions. While prevalence reports vary widely, pulmonary involvement accounts for significant morbidity and mortality in SLE. This comprehensive review explores the spectrum of pulmonary disease in SLE, including upper airway manifestations (e.g., laryngeal affection), lower airway conditions (e.g., bronchitis, bronchiolitis, bronchiectasis), parenchymal diseases (e.g., interstitial lung disease, acute lupus pneumonitis, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage), pleural d...
Source: Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - March 28, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Bendstrup, Elisabeth Lynn, Evelyn Troldborg, Anne Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Recurrent Bronchiolitis: A Bridge to Diagnosis
An 18-month-old girl presented with a four-day history of fever, rhinorrhea, cough, and respiratory distress. Medical history for the infant was significant for a twin gestation and delivery at 35 weeks with neonatal respiratory distress requiring continuous positive airway pressure support for 3 days. She was well up until age 12 months when she had her first hospitalization for bronchiolitis. In the 6 months prior to presentation, she required five hospitalizations between January through July for episodes of severe respiratory distress, diagnosed as recurrent viral bronchiolitis with positive respiratory viral panels on...
Source: The Journal of Pediatrics - March 27, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Andrew Zikic, Fiona Kritzinger, Osami Honjo, Dvir Gatt Tags: Insights and Images Source Type: research
Association of vitamin D with disease severity in infants with bronchiolitis
Conclusion: Infants with Vitamin D insufficiency experienced more severe bronchiolitis with elevated BSS scores. It highlights the potential role of vitamin D deficiency in severe bronchiolitis.What is Known:• Vitamin D level is low in infants with bronchiolitis.What is New:• Infant with low vitamin D level experienced more severe bronchiolitis. (Source: European Journal of Pediatrics)
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - March 26, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Clinical and economic burden of respiratory syncytial virus in children aged 0 –5 years in Italy
ConclusionsThese findings derived from the real clinical practice in Italy confirmed that RSV has an important epidemiological, clinical, and economic burden among children aged 0 –5 years. While the complex management of at-risk infants was confirmed, our data also highlighted the significant impact of RSV infection in infants born at term or otherwise healthy, demonstrating that all infants need protection against RSV disease, reducing then the risk of medium and long-ter m complications, such as wheezing and asthma. (Source: Italian Journal of Pediatrics)
Source: Italian Journal of Pediatrics - March 25, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
High-flow nasal cannula therapy for infants with bronchiolitis
CONCLUSIONS: High-flow nasal cannula therapy may have some benefits over low-flow oxygen for infants with bronchiolitis in terms of a greater improvement in respiratory and heart rates, as well as a modest reduction in the length of hospital stay and duration of oxygen therapy, with a reduced incidence of treatment escalation. There does not appear to be a difference in the number of adverse events. Further studies comparing high-flow nasal cannula therapy and CPAP are required to demonstrate the efficacy of one modality over the other. A standardised clinical definition of bronchiolitis, as well as the use of a validated ...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - March 20, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Michael Armarego Hannah Forde Karen Wills Sean A Beggs Source Type: research
A review of the therapeutic potential of the cysteinyl leukotriene antagonist Montelukast in the treatment of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome following lung and hematopoietic-stem cell transplantation and its possible mechanisms
Ther Adv Respir Dis. 2024 Jan-Dec;18:17534666241232284. doi: 10.1177/17534666241232284.ABSTRACTLung and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are therapeutic modalities in chronic pulmonary and hematological diseases, respectively. One of the complications in these patients is the development of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). The efficacy and safety of available treatment strategies in BOS remain a challenge. A few mechanisms have been recognized for BOS in lung transplant and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) patients involving the TH-1 and TH-2 cells, NF-kappa B, TGF-b, several cytokines and chemokines, and cy...
Source: Adv Data - March 20, 2024 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Nastaran Kordjazy Shahideh Amini Source Type: research
High-flow nasal cannula therapy for infants with bronchiolitis
CONCLUSIONS: High-flow nasal cannula therapy may have some benefits over low-flow oxygen for infants with bronchiolitis in terms of a greater improvement in respiratory and heart rates, as well as a modest reduction in the length of hospital stay and duration of oxygen therapy, with a reduced incidence of treatment escalation. There does not appear to be a difference in the number of adverse events. Further studies comparing high-flow nasal cannula therapy and CPAP are required to demonstrate the efficacy of one modality over the other. A standardised clinical definition of bronchiolitis, as well as the use of a validated ...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - March 20, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Michael Armarego Hannah Forde Karen Wills Sean A Beggs Source Type: research
Does weight influence the course of RSV bronchiolitis in hospitalized infants?
Conclusion: Underweight infants, hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis, had a more severe disease course with a higher complication rate, including PICU admission and prolonged LOS. Thus, careful attention and supervision should be given to this subgroup of infants.What is Known:• Established risk factors for severe bronchiolitis include prematurity, BPD, CHD, and compromised immunity.• Abnormal weight status has been associated with an increased risk for morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases, proposedly due to the effects on endocrine and immunologic systems.What is New:• Underweight infants hospitalized wit...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - March 20, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
Bronchiolitis recovery and the use of High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) Filters (The BREATHE Study): study protocol for a multi-center, parallel, double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial
Acute viral bronchiolitis is the most common reason for hospitalization of infants in the USA. Infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis are at high risk for recurrent respiratory symptoms and wheeze in the subse... (Source: Trials)
Source: Trials - March 20, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Kelly Cowan, Erin O. Semmens, Jeannette Y. Lee, Ethan S. Walker, Paul G. Smith, Linda Fu, Rosalyn Singleton, Sara McClure Cox, Jennifer Faiella, Laurie Chassereau, Lora Lawrence, Jun Ying, Jaime Baldner, Maryam Garza, Robert Annett, Sheva K. Chervinskiy & Tags: Study protocol Source Type: research
Clinical Characteristics, Etiology, and Outcomes of Hypothermia in Well-appearing Children Referred to the Emergency Department
CONCLUSIONS: There is a low incidence of SBI in well-appearing children presenting to the PED with hypothermia and a benign course and outcome in those older than 3 months.PMID:38493326 (Source: The Israel Medical Association Journal)
Source: The Israel Medical Association Journal - March 17, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Lea Ohana Sarna Dina Qaraen Saloni Mevaseret Avital Naama Pines Itai Gross Giora Wieser Saar Hashvya Source Type: research
