Spectrum of chronic lung allograft dysfunction pathology in human lung transplantation
Long-term survival after lung transplantation (LTx) remains limited by Chronic Lung Allograft Dysfunction (CLAD), which includes two main phenotypes: bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS) and restrictive allograft syndrome (RAS), with possible overlap. We aimed to detail and quantify pathological features of these CLAD sub-types. (Source: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation)
Source: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation - April 22, 2024 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Benjamin Renaud-Picard, Gregory Berra, David Hwang, Ella Huszti, Ei Miyamoto, Gerald J Berry, Prodipto Pal, Stephen Juvet, Shaf Keshavjee, Tereza Martinu Tags: Original Clinical Science Source Type: research
Perinatal exposure to traffic related air pollutants and the risk of infection in the first six months of life: a cohort study from a low-middle income country
ConclusionOur study adds to the evidence that perinatal exposure to fine particles is associated with respiratory tract infection in infants in a low-middle income country. (Source: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health)
Source: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health - April 17, 2024 Category: Occupational Health Source Type: research
Balanced on the Biggest Wave: Nirsevimab for Newborns
Neonatal Netw. 2024 Apr 1;43(2):105-115. doi: 10.1891/NN-2023-0056.ABSTRACTRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalization in infancy in the United States. Nearly all infants are infected by 2 years of age, with bronchiolitis requiring hospitalization often occurring in previously healthy children and long-term consequences of severe disease including delayed speech development and asthma. Incomplete passage of maternal immunity and a high degree of genetic variability within the virus contribute to morbidity and have also prevented successful neonatal vaccine development. Monoclonal antibodies re...
Source: Neonatal Network - April 10, 2024 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Christopher McPherson Christine R Lockowitz Jason G Newland Source Type: research
Balanced on the Biggest Wave: Nirsevimab for Newborns
Neonatal Netw. 2024 Apr 1;43(2):105-115. doi: 10.1891/NN-2023-0056.ABSTRACTRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalization in infancy in the United States. Nearly all infants are infected by 2 years of age, with bronchiolitis requiring hospitalization often occurring in previously healthy children and long-term consequences of severe disease including delayed speech development and asthma. Incomplete passage of maternal immunity and a high degree of genetic variability within the virus contribute to morbidity and have also prevented successful neonatal vaccine development. Monoclonal antibodies re...
Source: Neonatal Network - April 10, 2024 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Christopher McPherson Christine R Lockowitz Jason G Newland Source Type: research
Balanced on the Biggest Wave: Nirsevimab for Newborns
Neonatal Netw. 2024 Apr 1;43(2):105-115. doi: 10.1891/NN-2023-0056.ABSTRACTRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalization in infancy in the United States. Nearly all infants are infected by 2 years of age, with bronchiolitis requiring hospitalization often occurring in previously healthy children and long-term consequences of severe disease including delayed speech development and asthma. Incomplete passage of maternal immunity and a high degree of genetic variability within the virus contribute to morbidity and have also prevented successful neonatal vaccine development. Monoclonal antibodies re...
Source: Neonatal Network - April 10, 2024 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Christopher McPherson Christine R Lockowitz Jason G Newland Source Type: research
Balanced on the Biggest Wave: Nirsevimab for Newborns
Neonatal Netw. 2024 Apr 1;43(2):105-115. doi: 10.1891/NN-2023-0056.ABSTRACTRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalization in infancy in the United States. Nearly all infants are infected by 2 years of age, with bronchiolitis requiring hospitalization often occurring in previously healthy children and long-term consequences of severe disease including delayed speech development and asthma. Incomplete passage of maternal immunity and a high degree of genetic variability within the virus contribute to morbidity and have also prevented successful neonatal vaccine development. Monoclonal antibodies re...
Source: Neonatal Network - April 10, 2024 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Christopher McPherson Christine R Lockowitz Jason G Newland Source Type: research
Balanced on the Biggest Wave: Nirsevimab for Newborns
Neonatal Netw. 2024 Apr 1;43(2):105-115. doi: 10.1891/NN-2023-0056.ABSTRACTRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalization in infancy in the United States. Nearly all infants are infected by 2 years of age, with bronchiolitis requiring hospitalization often occurring in previously healthy children and long-term consequences of severe disease including delayed speech development and asthma. Incomplete passage of maternal immunity and a high degree of genetic variability within the virus contribute to morbidity and have also prevented successful neonatal vaccine development. Monoclonal antibodies re...
Source: Neonatal Network - April 10, 2024 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Christopher McPherson Christine R Lockowitz Jason G Newland Source Type: research
Mutations in the F protein of the live-attenuated respiratory syncytial virus vaccine candidate ΔNS2/Δ1313/I1314L increase the stability of infectivity and content of prefusion F protein
by Judith Alamares-Sapuay, Michael Kishko, Charles Lai, Mark Parrington, Simon Delagrave, Richard Herbert, Ashley Castens, Joanna Swerczek, Cindy Luongo, Lijuan Yang, Peter L. Collins, Ursula J. Buchholz, Linong Zhang
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading viral cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants and toddlers, but there currently is no licensed pediatric vaccine. A leading vaccine candidate that has been evaluated for intranasal immunization in a recently completed phase 1/2 clinical tria l is an attenuated version of RSV strain A2 called RSV/ΔNS2/Δ1313/I1314L (hereafter called ΔNS2). ΔNS2 is at...
Source: PLoS One - April 9, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Judith Alamares-Sapuay Source Type: research
Total face mask with neurally adjusted ventilatory assist as a rescue therapy in infants with severe bronchiolitis
Conclusion: In infants with severe RSV-induced bronchiolitis, respiratory support with TFM-NIV-NAVA seems to be feasible as a rescue therapy and might be considered in selected patients.What is Known:• Bronchiolitic patients with NIV support failure may require invasive mechanical ventilation.• Interface related complications, especially facial sores, can be a cause of NIV failure.What is New:• Total face mask with non-invasive neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (TFM-NIV-NAVA) seems feasible as a rescue therapy in deteriorating patients with CPAP or NIV failure.• TFM-NIV-NAVA can improve oxygenation rapidly i...
Source: European Journal of Pediatrics - April 6, 2024 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research
A placebo-controlled, crossover trial to investigate the efficacy of tiotropium bromide or placebo added to usual care in stable symptomatic post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS)
Despite the fundamental progress in hematopoietic stem cell transplant, this treatment is also associated with complications. Graft-versus-host disease is a possible complication of HSCT. Bronchiolitis obliter... (Source: Trials)
Source: Trials - April 6, 2024 Category: General Medicine Authors: Naeemeh Dini, Amin Pastaki Khoshbin, Rasoul Aliannejad, Hooman Bakhshandeh, Katayoun Najafizadeh, Mahshid Mehdizadeh and Shahideh Amini Tags: Study protocol Source Type: research
Infant Bronchiolitis Endotypes and the Risk of Developing Childhood Asthma: Lessons From Cohort Studies
Arch Bronconeumol. 2024 Apr;60(4):215-225. doi: 10.1016/j.arbres.2024.02.009. Epub 2024 Feb 19.ABSTRACTSevere bronchiolitis (i.e., bronchiolitis requiring hospitalization) during infancy is a heterogeneous condition associated with a high risk of developing childhood asthma. Yet, the exact mechanisms underlying the bronchiolitis-asthma link remain uncertain. Birth cohort studies have reported this association at the population level, including only small groups of patients with a history of bronchiolitis, and have attempted to identify the underlying biological mechanisms. Although this evidence has provided valuable insig...
Source: Archivos de Bronconeumologia - April 3, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Heidi Makrinioti Zhaozhong Zhu Sejal Saglani Carlos A Camargo Kohei Hasegawa Source Type: research
Infant Bronchiolitis Endotypes and the Risk of Developing Childhood Asthma: Lessons From Cohort Studies
Arch Bronconeumol. 2024 Apr;60(4):215-225. doi: 10.1016/j.arbres.2024.02.009. Epub 2024 Feb 19.ABSTRACTSevere bronchiolitis (i.e., bronchiolitis requiring hospitalization) during infancy is a heterogeneous condition associated with a high risk of developing childhood asthma. Yet, the exact mechanisms underlying the bronchiolitis-asthma link remain uncertain. Birth cohort studies have reported this association at the population level, including only small groups of patients with a history of bronchiolitis, and have attempted to identify the underlying biological mechanisms. Although this evidence has provided valuable insig...
Source: Archivos de Bronconeumologia - April 3, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Heidi Makrinioti Zhaozhong Zhu Sejal Saglani Carlos A Camargo Kohei Hasegawa Source Type: research
Resurgence of respiratory syncytial virus with dominance of RSV-B during the 2022 –2023 season
ConclusionThis study revealed a strong resurgence of RSV in the autumn of 2022 after the lifting of anti-COVID-19 measures, the leading role of RSV as a causative agent of serious respiratory illnesses in early childhood, and relatively low genetic diversity in circulating RSV strains. (Source: Frontiers in Microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - April 2, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Imaging of Small Airways Disease
Bronchiolitis refers to a small airways disease and may be classified by etiology and histologic features. In cellular bronchiolitis inflammatory cells involve the small airway wall and peribronchiolar alveoli and manifest on CT as centrilobular nodules of solid or ground glass attenuation. Constrictive bronchiolitis refers to luminal narrowing by concentric fibrosis. Direct CT signs of small airway disease include centrilobular nodules and branching tree-in-bud opacities. An indirect sign is mosaic attenuation that may be exaggerated on expiratory CT and represent air trapping. Imaging findings can be combined with clinic...
Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine - April 2, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Karen Rodriguez, Lida P. Hariri, Paul VanderLaan, Gerald F. Abbott Source Type: research
Outcomes of Lung Transplantation for Bronchiolitis Obliterans Syndrome After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Compared with Interstitial Pulmonary Fibrosis
This study analyzed outcomes of LT for BOS after allo-HSCT compared with interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). (Source: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation)
Source: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation - April 1, 2024 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: , J. Lee, H. Kim Source Type: research
