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Cancer: Glioma

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Total 252 results found since Jan 2013.

Insular glioma surgery: an evolution of thought and practice.
CONCLUSIONSThe insula's proximity to middle cerebral and lenticulostriate arteries, primary motor areas, and perisylvian language areas makes accessing and resecting gliomas in this region challenging. Maximal safe resection of insular gliomas not only is possible but also is associated with excellent outcomes and should be considered for all patients with low- and high-grade gliomas in this area. PMID: 30611160 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of Neurosurgery - January 1, 2019 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Hervey-Jumper SL, Berger MS Tags: J Neurosurg Source Type: research

Study unveils a blueprint for treating a deadly brain tumor
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) In a study of mice and human brain tumors researchers at the University of the Michigan, Ann Arbor, searched for new treatments by exploring the reasons why some patients with gliomas live remarkably longer than others. The results suggested that certain patients' tumor cells are less aggressive and much better at repairing DNA than others but are difficult to kill with radiation. The researchers then showed that combining radiation therapy with cancer drugs designed to block DNA repair may be an effective treatment strategy.
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - February 19, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news

How cost-effective is intraoperative MRI for gliomas?
Using a simulated clinical decision analysis model, researchers from the University...Read more on AuntMinnie.comRelated Reading: Workflow optimization cuts MRI turnaround time Imaging analytics platform optimizes MRI operations MRA is cost-effective for kidney disease-related aneurysms Study reveals steep cost of delaying stroke treatment MRI for knee pain adds cost with negligible benefit
Source: AuntMinnie.com Headlines - April 2, 2019 Category: Radiology Source Type: news

Connecting Metainflammation and Neuroinflammation Through the PTN-MK-RPTP β/ζ Axis: Relevance in Therapeutic Development
Conclusion The expression of the components of the PTN-MK-RPTPβ/ζ axis in immune cells and in inflammatory diseases suggests important roles for this axis in inflammation. Pleiotrophin has been recently identified as a limiting factor of metainflammation, a chronic pathological state that contributes to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Pleiotrophin also seems to potentiate acute neuroinflammation independently of the inflammatory stimulus while MK seems to play different -even opposite- roles in acute neuroinflammation depending on the stimulus. Which are the functions of MK and PTN in chronic neuroi...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

NAMPT as a Dedifferentiation-Inducer Gene: NAD+ as Core Axis for Glioma Cancer Stem-Like Cells Maintenance
Conclusion and Perspectives Gliomas are the most prevalent primary brain cancer in adults and include a broad category of tumors including astrocytoma, oligodendroglioma, and GBM. Regardless of tumor aggressiveness, malignancy, and infiltration, these glia-derived tumors rarely exceed a median survival time of 12–14 months. Driven by the infiltrative nature of these tumors, the clinical approach is difficult and relapses often occur with fatal consequences. These unsuccessful attempts to control glioma's fate have fostered research looking for more effective therapies. (GSCs) are a small subset of CD133&#...
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - May 2, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Repurposing multiple sclerosis drugs: a review of studies in other neurological and psychiatric conditions.
Abstract Treatment options for multiple sclerosis (MS) have improved in the past 20 years, with new oral disease-modifying drugs and monoclonal antibodies becoming available. The success seen with these drugs in MS, and their various mechanisms of action, has led to them being investigated in other neurological and psychiatric disorders. This review article summarises the ongoing and completed studies of MS drugs in neurological and psychiatric conditions other than MS. The most promising results are for interferon beta in human T cell leukaemia virus 1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis and glioma...
Source: Drug Discovery Today - May 13, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Rommer PS, Sellner J Tags: Drug Discov Today Source Type: research

Of fractal and Fourier: A measure for local shape complexity for neurological applications
ConclusionsThe HPR index provides conceptually distinct local complexity information from the current FD standard. Future research will benefit from using these complementary measures.
Source: Journal of Neuroscience Methods - May 23, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Delayed radiation-induced stroke mimics recurrent tumor in and adolescent with remote history of low-grade brainstem glioma
A 13-year-old female was diagnosed with a ponto- medullary brainstem glioma and following unsuccessful treatment with chemotherapy, underwent focal photon intensity modulated radiation therapy that resulted in a favorable response. Ten years later, the patient presented with acute onset left-sided hemiplegia and headaches. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at presentation showed a large contrast- enhancing lesion with surrounding vasogenic edema and reduced diffusivity on diffusion- weighted imaging most concerning for a high grade secondary malignancy (Figure 1).
Source: Pediatric Neurology - June 4, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Lianne Q. Chau, Michael L. Levy, John Ross Crawford Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Delayed Radiation-Induced Stroke Mimics Recurrent Tumor in an Adolescent With Remote History of Low-Grade Brainstem Glioma
This 13-year-old girl was diagnosed with a ponto-medullary brainstem glioma, and following unsuccessful treatment with chemotherapy, she underwent focal photon intensity-modulated radiation therapy that resulted in a favorable response. Ten years later, she presented with acute left hemiplegia and headaches. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at presentation showed a large contrast-enhancing lesion with surrounding vasogenic edema and reduced diffusivity on diffusion-weighted imaging, most concerning for a high-grade secondary malignancy (Fig 1).
Source: Pediatric Neurology - June 4, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Lianne Q. Chau, Michael L. Levy, John R. Crawford Tags: Clinical Letter Source Type: research

Intractable Central Pain in a Patient With Diffuse Glioma
Central neuropathic pain can be difficult to treat and, subsequently, cause a great amount of disability and distress to patients, which limits quality of life. Common etiologies include the following: stroke, spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, infection, vasculitis, and malignancy. This case is a description of an 18-yr-old male patient diagnosed with a grade IV diffuse glioma who experienced severe neuropathic pain refractory to first-line treatment options including the following: gabapentinoids, tricyclic antidepressants, and selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. The patient remained on high-...
Source: American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation - August 17, 2019 Category: Rehabilitation Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Multicentric Registry Study on Epidemiological and Biological Disease Profile as Well as Clinical Outcome in Patients with Low-Grade Gliomas: The LoG-Glio Project
Conclusion The LoG-Glio registry has been successfully implemented. Applied selection criteria result in an appropriately balanced patient cohort. Short-term outcome data on epidemiology as well as the influence of current surgical techniques and adjuvant treatment on patient outcomes are expected. In the long run, the aim of the registry is to validate the new molecular-based WHO classification and the influence of the extent of resection on progression-free survival and OS. The registry provides an open platform for future research projects benefiting patients with LGG. Trial registration NCT02686229 Clinical tria...
Source: Journal of Neurological Surgery Part A: Central European Neurosurgery - September 23, 2019 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Pala, Andrej Nadji-Ohl, Minou Faust, Katharina R ückriegel, Stefan Roder, Constantin von der Brelie, Christian Forster, Marie-Therese L öbel, Franziska Schommer, Stefan L öhr, Mario Gr übel, Nadja Rothenbacher, Dietrich K önig, Ralph Engelke, Jens Sc Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Active targeting towards and inside the brain based on nanoparticles: A Review.
Abstract Treatment of neurological diseases using systemic and non-surgical techniques presents a significant challenge in medicine. This challenge is chiefly associated with the condensation and coherence of the brain tissue. The coherence structure of the brain is due to the presence of the blood brain barrier (BBB), which consists of a continuous layer of capillary endothelial cells. The BBB prevents most drugs from entering the brain tissue and is highly selective, permitting only metabolic substances and nutrients to pass through. Although this challenge has caused difficulties for the treatment of neurologic...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology - December 1, 2019 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Rabiei M, Kashanian S, Samavati SS, Jamasb S, McInnes SJP Tags: Curr Pharm Biotechnol Source Type: research

Predictors of Class I epilepsy surgery outcome in tumour-related chronic temporal lobe epilepsy in adults.
CONCLUSION: The most appropriate management of tumour-related chronic temporal lobe epilepsy in adults appears to be tai-lored temporal lobe resection including tumour and hippocampal complex removal. Surgical treatment of tumoural temporal lobe epilepsy demonstrates excellent results in terms of seizure improvement, especially in patients with glioneuronal tumours. PMID: 31793658 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska - December 2, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Nowak A, Rysz A, Dziedzic T, Czernicki T, Kunert P, Maj E, Marchel A Tags: Neurol Neurochir Pol Source Type: research

Adenosine inhibits human astrocyte proliferation independently of adenosine receptor activation
AbstractBrain adenosine concentrations can reach micromolar concentrations in stressful situations such as stroke, neurodegenerative diseases or hypoxic regions of brain tumours. Adenosine can act by receptor ‐independent mechanism by reversing the reaction catalysed by S‐adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) hydrolase, leading to SAH accumulation and inhibition of S‐adenosylmethionine (SAM)‐dependent methyltransferases. Astrocytes are essential in maintaining brain homeostasis but their pathological activa tion and uncontrolled proliferation plays a role in neurodegeneration and glioma. Adenosine can affect cell proliferatio...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - December 6, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Helena Marcelino, Vanda C. Nogueira, Cec ília R.A. Santos, Patrícia Quelhas, Tiago M.A. Carvalho, João Fonseca‐Gomes, Joana Tomás, Maria J. Diógenes, Ana M. Sebastião, José F. Cascalheira Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Astrocyte-specific NDRG2 gene: functions in the brain and neurological diseases.
Abstract In recent years, the roles of astrocytes of the central nervous system in brain function and neurological disease have drawn increasing attention. As a member of the N-myc downstream-regulated gene (NDRG) family, NDRG2 is principally expressed in astrocytes of the central nervous system. NDRG2, which is involved in cell proliferation and differentiation, is commonly regarded as a tumor suppressor. In astrocytes, NDRG2 affects the regulation of apoptosis, astrogliosis, blood-brain barrier integrity, and glutamate clearance. Several preclinical studies have revealed that NDRG2 is implicated in the pathogene...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS - December 12, 2019 Category: Cytology Authors: Li X, Wu X, Luo P, Xiong L Tags: Cell Mol Life Sci Source Type: research