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Specialty: Opthalmology

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Total 178 results found since Jan 2013.

Moesin as a key cytoskeleton regulator in corneal fibrosis.
CONCLUSIONS: : Moesin may be a potential drug target for inhibiting corneal fibrosis, and the details of moesin-related signaling pathways would be critical for understanding corneal fibrosis. PMID: 23583046 [PubMed - in process]
Source: The Ocular Surface - April 1, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Zhu HY, Yeo SW, Ng J, Htoon HM, Beuerman RW Tags: Ocul Surf Source Type: research

High Glucose-Induced Downregulation of Connexin 30.2 Promotes Retinal Vascular Lesions: Implications for Diabetic Retinopathy Retinal Cell Biology
Conclusions. These results indicate that HG- or diabetes-induced downregulation of Cx30.2 expression and decrease in GJIC activity play a critical role in the development of retinal vascular lesions in early DR.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - March 28, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Manasson, J., Tien, T., Moore, C., Kumar, N. M., Roy, S. Tags: Retinal Cell Biology Source Type: research

Epithelial Membrane Protein 2 Controls VEGF Expression in ARPE-19 Cells Retinal Cell Biology
Conclusions. This study establishes a novel connection between EMP2 and VEGF and may reflect either a direct effect through the tetraspan web or an indirect change through FAK activation. This connection is functionally significant. In addition to the direct use of anti-VEGF antibodies, modulation of EMP2 with impact on VEGF is potentially a distinct therapeutic target for the treatment of neovascularization associated with retinal diseases that involve pathologic angiogenesis.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - March 28, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Morales, S. A., Telander, D. G., Leon, D., Forward, K., Braun, J., Wadehra, M., Gordon, L. K. Tags: Retinal Cell Biology Source Type: research

A Key Role for ROCK in TNF-{alpha}-Mediated Diabetic Microvascular Damage Retinal Cell Biology
Conclusions. ROCK is a key mediator of TNF-α signaling in diabetic microvessels. The important role of TNF-α in early DR provides a new rationale for ROCK inhibition beyond the previously shown mechanisms.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - March 28, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Arita, R., Nakao, S., Kita, T., Kawahara, S., Asato, R., Yoshida, S., Enaida, H., Hafezi-Moghadam, A., Ishibashi, T. Tags: Retinal Cell Biology Source Type: research

MicroRNA-124a Is Epigenetically Regulated and Acts as a Tumor Suppressor by Controlling Multiple Targets in Uveal Melanoma Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Conclusions. Our results demonstrated that miR-124a could function as a potent tumor suppressor by regulation of multiple targets, and was epigenetically silenced in the development of uveal melanoma.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - March 27, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Chen, X., He, D., Dong, X. D., Dong, F., Wang, J., Wang, L., Tang, J., Hu, D.-N., Yan, D., Tu, L. Tags: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Source Type: research

MRP4-Mediated Regulation of Intracellular cAMP and cGMP Levels in Trabecular Meshwork Cells and Homeostasis of Intraocular Pressure Physiology and Pharmacology
Conclusions. These observations reveal that cyclic nucleotide efflux controlling transporter-MRP4 plays a significant role in IOP homeostasis potentially by regulating the relaxation characteristics of AH outflow pathway cells.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - March 5, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Pattabiraman, P. P., Pecen, P. E., Rao, P. V. Tags: Physiology and Pharmacology Source Type: research

MRP8/14 Enhances Corneal Susceptibility to Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection by Amplifying Inflammatory Responses Immunology and Microbiology
Conclusions. Our study demonstrated a dual role for MRP8/14 in bacterial keratitis. Although MRP8/14 promotes bacterial clearance by enhancing ROS production, it functions more importantly as an inflammatory amplifier at the ocular surface by enhancing pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, thus contributing to the corneal susceptibility.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - February 12, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Deng, Q., Sun, M., Yang, K., Zhu, M., Chen, K., Yuan, J., Wu, M., Huang, X. Tags: Immunology and Microbiology Source Type: research

TGF{beta} Signaling Induces Expression of Gadd45b in Retinal Ganglion Cells Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Conclusions. TGFβ signaling induced Gadd45b expression in RGCs. Modulation of the TGFβ/NFB/Gadd45b signaling pathway may provide a means to enhance the neuroprotective effect of Gadd45b in RGCs.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - February 5, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Liu, B., Sun, X., Suyeoka, G., Garcia, J. G. N., Leiderman, Y. I. Tags: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Inhibition of high glucose-induced VEGF release in retinal ganglion cells by RNA interference targeting G protein-coupled receptor 91.
Abstract Recent research using a rat oxygen-induced retinopathy model has demonstrated that the G protein-coupled receptor 91 (GPR91) of retinal ganglion neurons is the principal respondent to succinate and consequently induces the release of angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The aim of this study was to determine whether GPR91 modulate the release of VEGF from retinal ganglion cells in a high-glucose model in vitro and to dissect the role of GPR91 in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. We constructed a lentiviral small hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression vector targeting GPR91 (LV.shGP...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - February 1, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Hu J, Wu Q, Li T, Chen Y, Wang S Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

Allele-Specific siRNA Silencing for the Common Keratin 12 Founder Mutation in Meesmann Epithelial Corneal Dystrophy Cornea
Conclusions. A potent allele-specific siRNA against the K12 Arg135Thr mutation was identified. In combination with efficient eyedrop formulation delivery, this would represent a personalized medicine approach, aimed at preventing the pathology associated with MECD and other ocular surface pathologies with dominant-negative or gain-of-function pathomechanisms.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - January 17, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Allen, E. H. A., Atkinson, S. D., Liao, H., Moore, J. E., Leslie Pedrioli, D. M., Smith, F. J. D., McLean, W. H. I., Moore, C. B. T. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

Epigenetic Modification of Sod2 in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy and in the Metabolic Memory: Role of Histone Methylation Retinal Cell Biology
Conclusions. Histone methylation of retinal Sod2 has an important role in the development of diabetic retinopathy and in the metabolic memory phenomenon associated with its continued progression. Targeting enzymes important for histone methylation may serve as a potential therapy to halt the development of diabetic retinopathy.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - January 14, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Zhong, Q., Kowluru, R. A. Tags: Retinal Cell Biology Source Type: research

Rapamycin Enhances TNF-α-Induced Secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 through Suppressing PDCD4 Degradation in Orbital Fibroblasts.
Conclusion: Rapamycin enhances the TNF-α-induced secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 by suppressing PDCD4 degradation in orbital fibroblasts. PMID: 23281820 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Eye Research - January 2, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Lee WM, Paik JS, Cho WK, Oh EH, Lee SB, Yang SW Tags: Curr Eye Res Source Type: research

ERK5 Regulates Glucose-Induced Increased Fibronectin Production in the Endothelial Cells and in the Retina in Diabetes Retina
Conclusions. Our experiments demonstrated a novel mechanism of glucose-induced increased FN production in diabetic retinopathy, which is mediated through decreased ERK5 signaling.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - December 19, 2012 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Wu, Y., Feng, B., Chen, S., Chakrabarti, S. Tags: Retina Source Type: research