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Specialty: Opthalmology

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Total 178 results found since Jan 2013.

Pioglitazone Restores IGFBP-3 Levels Through DNA PK in Retinal Endothelial Cells Cultured in Hyperglycemic Conditions Retinal Cell Biology
Conclusions. Our findings suggest that pioglitazone mediates regulation of IGFBP-3 via activation of PKA/DNA PK pathway in hyperglycemic retinal endothelial cells.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - January 13, 2015 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Thakran, S., Zhang, Q., Morales-Tirado, V., Steinle, J. J. Tags: Retinal Cell Biology Source Type: research

Differential Expression and Function of Survivin During the Progress of Pterygium Cornea
Conclusions. Higher subcellular expression and phosphorylation of survivin may play roles in the development of pterygium. Survivin could be targeted for the treatment of pterygium.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - December 29, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Xu, Y.-x., Zhang, L.-y., Zou, D.-l., Liu, Z.-s., Shang, X.-m., Wu, H.-p., Zhou, Y., He, H., Liu, Z.-g. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

Modulation of VEGF-Induced Retinal Vascular Permeability by Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{beta}/{delta} Retinal Cell Biology
Conclusions. These data suggest a protective effect for PPARβ/ antagonism against VEGF-induced vascular permeability, possibly through reduced VEGFR expression. Therefore, antagonism/reverse agonism of PPARβ/ siRNA may represent a novel therapeutic methodology against retinal hyperpermeability and is worthy of future investigation.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - December 18, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Suarez, S., McCollum, G. W., Bretz, C. A., Yang, R., Capozzi, M. E., Penn, J. S. Tags: Retinal Cell Biology Source Type: research

Endothelial TWIST1 Promotes Pathological Ocular Angiogenesis Retinal Cell Biology
Conclusions. Our study suggests that TWIST1 is a novel regulator of pathologic ocular angiogenesis and may represent a new molecular target for developing potential therapeutic treatments to suppress pathological neovascularization in vascular eye diseases.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - December 18, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Li, J., Liu, C.-H., Sun, Y., Gong, Y., Fu, Z., Evans, L. P., Tian, K. T., Juan, A. M., Hurst, C. G., Mammoto, A., Chen, J. Tags: Retinal Cell Biology Source Type: research

Epigenetic Modifications of Keap1 Regulate Its Interaction With the Protective Factor Nrf2 in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy Retinal Cell Biology
Conclusions. Epigenetic modifications at Keap1 promoter by SetD7 facilitate its binding with Sp1, increasing its expression. Keap1 restrains Nrf2 in the cytosol, impairing its transcriptional activity. Reversal of hyperglycemia fails to provide any benefit to epigenetic modifications of Keap1 promoter, suggesting their role in both the development of diabetic retinopathy and the metabolic memory phenomenon.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - November 13, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Mishra, M., Zhong, Q., Kowluru, R. A. Tags: Retinal Cell Biology Source Type: research

Reliability of the Mouse Model of Choroidal Neovascularization Induced by Laser Photocoagulation Retina
Conclusions. We present our recommended methods for conducting experiments with the mouse laser-induced CNV model to enhance reproducibility and minimize investigator bias.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - October 16, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Poor, S. H., Qiu, Y., Fassbender, E. S., Shen, S., Woolfenden, A., Delpero, A., Kim, Y., Buchanan, N., Gebuhr, T. C., Hanks, S. M., Meredith, E. L., Jaffee, B. D., Dryja, T. P. Tags: Retina Source Type: research

Decreased DJ-1 Leads to Impaired Nrf2-Regulated Antioxidant Defense and Increased UV-A-Induced Apoptosis in Corneal Endothelial Cells Cornea
Conclusions. Downregulation of DJ-1 impairs nuclear translocation of Nrf2, causing decreased antioxidant gene expression and increased oxidative damage. The decline in DJ-1 levels leads to heightened CEC susceptibility to UV-A light by activating p53-dependent apoptosis. Targeting the DJ-1–Nrf2 axis may provide a potential therapeutic approach for enhancing antioxidant defense in corneal endothelial disorders.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - September 3, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Liu, C., Chen, Y., Kochevar, I. E., Jurkunas, U. V. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

Ion channels and transporters of the retinal pigment epithelium.
Abstract Ion channels and ion transporters play essential roles in the function of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The use of cell cultures has been exploited as a key method for successfully identifying and studying ion channels and transporters of the RPE. Cultured RPE cells enable robust and long-lasting patch-clamp recordings, Ussing chamber investigations of the transepithelial transport within the isolated RPE, and analyses of the intracellular Ca(2+) or pH with fluorescent probes. Furthermore, cultured RPE can be transfected at high success rates, permitting the easy use of siRNA to study the involvem...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - August 30, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Reichhart N, Strauß O Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

Loss of Calpastatin Leads to Activation of Calpain in Human Lens Epithelial Cells Lens
Conclusions. Our data demonstrated that the high levels of endogenous CS do, indeed, inhibit calpain activity in normal human lens epithelial cells. We speculate that age-related oxidation might cause loss of CS activity in human lens epithelial cells, allowing activation of long-dormant calpain 2, proteolysis of critical cytoskeletal proteins, and cataract formation.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - August 22, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Nakajima, T., Shearer, T. R., Azuma, M. Tags: Lens Source Type: research

Corneal Wound Healing, a Newly Identified Function of CAP37, Is Mediated by Protein Kinase C Delta (PKC{delta}) Cornea
Conclusions. These findings support the hypothesis that CAP37 facilitates corneal wound healing through the activation of PKC.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - August 8, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Griffith, G. L., Kasus-Jacobi, A., Lerner, M. R., Pereira, H. A. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

CD147 Required for Corneal Endothelial Lactate Transport Physiology and Pharmacology
Conclusions. CD147 is required for the expression of MCT1 and MCT4 in the corneal endothelium. Silencing CD147 slows lactate efflux, resulting in stromal lactate accumulation and corneal edema, consistent with lactate efflux as a significant component of the corneal endothelial pump.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - July 30, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Li, S., Nguyen, T. T., Bonanno, J. A. Tags: Physiology and Pharmacology Source Type: research

High Glucose Alters Cx43 Expression and Gap Junction Intercellular Communication in Retinal Muller Cells: Promotes Muller Cell and Pericyte Apoptosis Retinal Cell Biology
Conclusions. Gap junction communication between Müller cells and pericytes is essential for their survival. Downregulation of Cx43 that is HG induced and impairment of GJIC activity in Müller cells contributes to loss of glial and vascular cells associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - July 14, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Muto, T., Tien, T., Kim, D., Sarthy, V. P., Roy, S. Tags: Retinal Cell Biology Source Type: research

Decrease of Murine Cytomegalovirus-Induced Retinitis by Intravenous Delivery of Immediate Early Protein-3-Specific siRNA Immunology and Microbiology
Conclusions. Systemic administration of IE-3–specific siRNA could alleviate MCMV retinitis by inhibiting virus replication and subsequent death of uninfected retinal cells.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - July 8, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Marshall, B., Mo, J., Covar, J., Atherton, S. S., Zhang, M. Tags: Immunology and Microbiology Source Type: research

Assessment of anti-scarring therapies in ex vivo organ cultured rabbit corneas.
Abstract The effects of a triple combination of siRNAs targeting key scarring genes were assessed using an ex vivo organ culture model of excimer ablated rabbit corneas. The central 6 mm diameter region of fresh rabbit globes was ablated to a depth of 155 microns with an excimer laser. Corneas were excised, cultured at the air-liquid interface in defined culture medium supplemented with transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1), and treated with either 1% prednisolone acetate or with 22.5 μM cationic nanoparticles complexed with a triple combination of siRNAs (NP-siRNA) targeting TGFB1, TGFB Receptor (TGFBR2) ...
Source: Experimental Eye Research - June 24, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Sriram S, Gibson D, Robinson P, Pi L, Tuli S, Lewin AS, Schultz G Tags: Exp Eye Res Source Type: research

Role of Angiopoietin-2 in Corneal Lymphangiogenesis Cornea
Conclusions. Angiopoietin-2 is critically involved in lymphatic processes in vivo and in vitro. Further investigation of the Ang-2 pathway may provide novel insights and therapeutic strategies for lymphatic-related disorders, which occur both inside and outside the eye.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - May 29, 2014 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Yuen, D., Grimaldo, S., Sessa, R., Ecoiffier, T., Truong, T., Huang, E., Bernas, M., Daley, S., Witte, M., Chen, L. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research