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Specialty: Opthalmology

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Total 178 results found since Jan 2013.

Novel Quinic Acid Derivative KZ-41 Prevents Retinal Endothelial Cell Apoptosis Without Inhibiting Retinoblastoma Cell Death Through p38 Signaling Translational
Conclusions. KZ-41 protects REC against melphalan-induced upregulation of ICAM-1 and apoptosis through p38 MAPK–dependent pathways.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - September 3, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Zhang, Q., Jiang, Y., Toutounchian, J., Wilson, M. W., Morales-Tirado, V., Miller, D. D., Yates, C. R., Steinle, J. J. Tags: Translational Source Type: research

Role of PKC{alpha} Activation of Src, PI-3K/AKT, and ERK in EGF-Stimulated Proliferation of Rat and Human Conjunctival Goblet Cells Cornea
Conclusions. We found that EGF activates a major pathway to stimulate goblet cell proliferation. This pathway consists of induction of phospholipase C (PLC) to activate PKCα. Active PKCα phosphorylates Src to induce PI-3K to phosphorylate AKT that subsequently activates the ERK1/2 cascade to stimulate goblet cell proliferation.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - August 21, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Li, D., Shatos, M. A., Hodges, R. R., Dartt, D. A. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

Regulation of Cdc42 Expression and Signaling Is Critical for Promoting Corneal Epithelial Wound Healing Cornea
Conclusions. Cdc42 is an important regulator of corneal epithelial wound repair. To promote healing, Cdc42 may interact with receptor tyrosine kinase–activated signaling cascades that participate in cell migration and cell-cycle progression.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - August 9, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Pothula, S., Bazan, H. E. P., Chandrasekher, G. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

Activated {alpha}v{beta}3 Integrin Regulates {alpha}v{beta}5 Integrin-Mediated Phagocytosis in Trabecular Meshwork Cells Glaucoma
Conclusions. The αvβ5 integrin-FAK–mediated pathway regulates phagocytosis in TM cells and this pathway is inhibited by activation of αvβ3 integrins. This suggests that changes in integrin expression and activity may be responsible for alterations in phagocytosis observed in steroid induced glaucoma.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - July 24, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Gagen, D., Filla, M. S., Clark, R., Liton, P., Peters, D. M. Tags: Glaucoma Source Type: research

Angiopoietin-Like Protein 2 Is a Potent Hemangiogenic and Lymphangiogenic Factor in Corneal Inflammation Cornea
Conclusions. Our findings demonstrated Angptl2 to be upregulated in corneal inflammation, and highlight that corneal hemangiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis may be driven by Angptk2 overexpression via macrophage infiltration and IL-1β expression. Angptl2 may be a novel therapeutic target for preventing blindness.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - June 26, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Toyono, T., Usui, T., Yokoo, S., Kimakura, M., Nakagawa, S., Yamagami, S., Miyata, K., Oike, Y., Amano, S. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

Laser-Induced Choroidal Neovascularization in Mice Attenuated by Deficiency in the Apelin-APJ System Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Conclusions. The results suggested that the apelin-APJ system contributes to CNV development partially independent of the VEGF pathway.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - June 21, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Hara, C., Kasai, A., Gomi, F., Satooka, T., Sakimoto, S., Nakai, K., Yoshioka, Y., Yamamuro, A., Maeda, S., Nishida, K. Tags: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Ion Transport Function of SLC4A11 in Corneal Endothelium Physiology and Pharmacology
Conclusions. In corneal endothelium, SLC4A11 displays robust Na+-coupled OH– transport, but does not transport B(OH)4– or HCO3–.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - June 21, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Jalimarada, S. S., Ogando, D. G., Vithana, E. N., Bonanno, J. A. Tags: Physiology and Pharmacology Source Type: research

Glucocorticoid Induction of Occludin Expression and Endothelial Barrier Requires Transcription Factor p54 NONO Retinal Cell Biology
Conclusions. p54 is essential for GC-mediated expression of occludin, claudin-5, and barrier induction, and the p54/PSF heterodimer may contribute to normal blood-retinal barrier (BRB) induction in vivo. Understanding the mechanism of GC induction of BRB properties may provide novel therapies for macular edema.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - June 12, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Keil, J. M., Liu, X., Antonetti, D. A. Tags: Retinal Cell Biology Source Type: research

Modulation of Bevacizumab-Induced Toxicity for Cultured Human Corneal Fibroblasts Cornea
Conclusions. This study determined the cellular toxicity of bevacizumab and its modulation with bFGF or NGF. Cotreatment with bFGF or NGF with bevacizumab reduced cellular damage without interfering with the original antiangiogenic function. Some components of serum have a protective effect on bevacizumab-induced corneal epithelial change.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - June 6, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Kim, E. K., Kang, S. W., Kim, J. Y., Min, K., Kim, T.-i. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

Transcription Factor Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant Defense System in the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy Retinal Cell Biology
Conclusions. Due to increased binding of Nrf2 with Keap1, its translocation to the nucleus is compromised contributing to the decreased GSH levels. Thus, regulation of Nrf2-Keap1 by pharmacological or molecular means could serve as a potential adjunct therapy to combat oxidative stress and inhibit the development of diabetic retinopathy.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - June 6, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Zhong, Q., Mishra, M., Kowluru, R. A. Tags: Retinal Cell Biology Source Type: research

TREM-2 Promotes Host Resistance Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection by Suppressing Corneal Inflammation via a PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway Immunology and Microbiology
Conclusions. TREM-2 promoted host resistance to PA infection by suppressing corneal inflammation via activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - May 17, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Sun, M., Zhu, M., Chen, K., Nie, X., Deng, Q., Hazlett, L. D., Wu, Y., Li, M., Wu, M., Huang, X. Tags: Immunology and Microbiology Source Type: research

Transcription Factors Runx1 to 3 Are Expressed in the Lacrimal Gland Epithelium and Are Involved in Regulation of Gland Morphogenesis and Regeneration Cornea
Conclusions. Runx1 and 2 are new markers of the LG epithelial lineage and Runx factors are important for normal LG morphogenesis and regeneration.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - May 1, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Voronov, D., Gromova, A., Liu, D., Zoukhri, D., Medvinsky, A., Meech, R., Makarenkova, H. P. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

DNA-PK Phosphorylation of IGFBP-3 Is Required to Prevent Apoptosis in Retinal Endothelial Cells Cultured in High Glucose Retina Cell Biology
Conclusions. Our findings suggest Compound 49b induces DNA-PK levels through PKA activity. DNA-PK is required for Compound 49b–induced IGFBP-3 expression, leading to inhibition of REC cell death.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - April 30, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Zhang, Q., Steinle, J. J. Tags: Retina Cell Biology Source Type: research

Effect of VIP on Intracellular Ca2+, Extracellular Regulated Kinase 1/2, and Secretion in Cultured Rat Conjunctival Goblet Cells Cornea
Conclusions. In conclusion, in cultured rat conjunctival goblet cells, VPAC1 and 2 receptors are functional. VIP stimulates a cAMP-dependent increase in [Ca2+]i and glycoconjugate secretion, but not ERK1/2 activation. VIP does not activate with EGFR.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - April 23, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Li, D., Jiao, J., Shatos, M. A., Hodges, R. R., Dartt, D. A. Tags: Cornea Source Type: research

Excitotoxicity Upregulates SARM1 Protein Expression and Promotes Wallerian-Like Degeneration of Retinal Ganglion Cells and Their Axons Retina
Conclusions. Results presented in this study, for the first time, show that KA-mediated upregulation of SARM1 protein promotes Wallerian-like degeneration of RGCs and their axons.
Source: Investigative Ophthalmology - April 17, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Massoll, C., Mando, W., Chintala, S. K. Tags: Retina Source Type: research