Filtered By:
Nutrition: Diets

This page shows you your search results in order of date. This is page number 20.

Order by Relevance | Date

Total 445 results found since Jan 2013.

Modulation of SIRT1-mediated signaling cascades in the liver contributes to the amelioration of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in high fat fed middle-aged LDL receptor knockout mice by dihydromyricetin.
Abstract Dihydromyricetin (DMY) is the most abundant flavonoid in Ampelopsis grossedentata possessing many pharmacological activities. But less is known about its protective effect against nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in the context of metabolic syndrome. The present study is aimed to evaluate the pharmacological effects of DMY on NASH induced by feeding a high fat diet to 12-mo-old male LDLr-/- mice for 12 weeks and its molecular mode of action. At the end of the experiment, the blood samples and liver tissues of mice were collected for analysis. The results showed that DMY treatment improved the steatosis...
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - March 22, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Zeng Y, Hua YQ, Wang W, Zhang H, Xu XL Tags: Biochem Pharmacol Source Type: research

PTH/PTHrP Receptor Signaling Restricts Arterial Fibrosis in Diabetic LDLR-/- Mice by Inhibiting Myocardin-Related Transcription Factor Relays.
Conclusions: PTH1R signaling restricts collagen production in the VSM lineage in part via Mkl1 regulatory circuits that control collagen gene transcription. Strategies that maintain homeostatic VSM PTH1R signaling, as reflected in EV biomarkers of VSM PTH1R/Mkl1 action, may help mitigate arteriosclerosis and vascular fibrosis. PMID: 32160132 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Circulation Research - March 10, 2020 Category: Cardiology Authors: Behrmann A, Zhong D, Li L, Cheng SL, Mead M, Ramachandran B, Sabaeifard P, Goodarzi M, Lemoff A, Kronenberg HM, Towler DA Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Purple sweet potato color protects against hepatocyte apoptosis through Sirt1 activation in high-fat-diet-treated mice.
Conclusion: PSPC protected against HFD-induced hepatic apoptosis by promoting Sirt1- dependent inhibition of p53-apoptotic pathway and facilitation of Akt survival pathway. This study indicates that PSPC is a candidate for nutritional intervention of NAFLD. PMID: 32110174 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Food and Nutrition Research - February 29, 2020 Category: Nutrition Authors: Su W, Zhang C, Chen F, Sui J, Lu J, Wang Q, Shan Q, Zheng G, Lu J, Sun C, Fan S, Wu D, Zhang Z, Zheng Y Tags: Food Nutr Res Source Type: research

Stat3 activation induces insulin resistance via a muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase Fbxo40.
Abstract Cellular mechanisms causing insulin resistance (IR) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) are poorly understood. One potential mechanism is that CKD-induced inflammation activates the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) in muscle. We uncovered increased p-Stat3 in muscles of mice with CKD or mice fed high fat diet (HFD). Activated Stat3 stimulates the expression of Fbxo40, a muscle-specific E3 ubiquitin ligase that stimulates ubiquitin conjugation leading to degradation of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1). Evidence that STAT3 activates Fbxo40 includes: 1) potential Stat3 binding sites ...
Source: Am J Physiol Endocri... - February 25, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Zhang L, Chen Z, Wang Y, Tweardy DJ, Mitch WE Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

Adipose TBX1 Regulates β-Adrenergic Sensitivity in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue and Thermogenic Capacity In Vivo
Conclusions: Adipose expression of TBX1 is necessary, but not sufficient, to defend body temperature during cold via proper UCP1 expression. Adipose TBX1 expression was also required for proper insulin signaling in subcutaneous adipose as well as maintaining β-adrenergic sensitivity but overexpression of TBX1 was not sufficient to induce adipocyte beiging or prevent diet induced obesity. TBX1 expression is enriched in adipose stem cells in which it has contrasting effects on adipogenesis in mouse versus human cells. Collectively, these data demonstrate the importance of adipose TBX1 in the regulation of beige adipocyte fu...
Source: Molecular Metabolism - February 19, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Gut Bacterial Metabolite Urolithin A Decreases Actin Polymerization and Migration in Cancer Cells
ConclusionUA leads to disruption of Rac1 and Pak1 activity with subsequent actin depolymerization and migration. Thus, use of dietary UA in cancer prevention or as adjuvant therapy is promising.
Source: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research - February 17, 2020 Category: Food Science Authors: Md Alauddin, Toshiyuki Okumura, Janet Rajaxavier, Shayan Khozooei, Simone P öschel, Satoru Takeda, Yogesh Singh, Sara Y Brucker, Diethelm Wallwiener, André Koch, Madhuri S Salker Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Resveratrol improves high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance in mice by downregulating the lncRNA NONMMUT008655.2.
The objective of this study was to investigate whether RSV improves high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance in mice by regulating thelncRNANONMMUT008655.2 in vivo and in vitro. To this end, animal and cell insulin resistance models were developed. Specifically, C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and administered RSV for eight weeks. Additionally, mouse Hepa cells were treated with palmitic acid, transfected with siRNA NONMMUT008655.2, and treated with RSV. Treated mice and cells were then compared to normal controls that were not exposed to RSV. In the animal model, RSV was found to decrease the levels of fastin...
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - February 15, 2020 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

Obesity-induced reduced expression of the lncRNA ROIT impairs insulin transcription by downregulation of Nkx6.1 methylation
Conclusions/interpretationThese findings functionally suggest a novel link between obesity and beta cell dysfunction via ROIT. Elucidating a precise mechanism for the effect of obesity on lncRNA expression will broaden our understanding of the pathophysiological development of diabetes and facilitate the design of better tools for diabetes prevention and treatment.Data availabilityThe raw RNA sequencing data are available from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO series accession number GSE139991).
Source: Diabetologia - January 31, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Araloside C attenuates atherosclerosis by modulating macrophage polarization via Sirt1-mediated autophagy.
In this study, we explored the protective effects and mechanism of AsC on macrophage polarization in atherosclerosis in vivo and in vitro. Using a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed ApoE-/- mouse model and RAW264.7 macrophages exposed to ox-LDL, AsC was evaluated for its effects on polarization and autophagy. AsC significantly reduced the plaque area in atherosclerotic mice and lipid accumulation in ox-LDL-treated macrophages, promoted M2 phenotype macrophage polarization, increased the number of autophagosomes and modulated the expression of autophagy-related proteins. Moreover, the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine and BECN1 siRN...
Source: Aging - January 26, 2020 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Luo Y, Lu S, Gao Y, Yang K, Wu D, Xu X, Sun G, Sun X Tags: Aging (Albany NY) Source Type: research

Gut metabolite, Urolithin A decreases Actin Polymerization and Migration in Cancer Cells
ConclusionUrolithin A leads to disruption of Rac1 and Pak1 activity with subsequent actin depolymerization and migration. Thus, use of dietary Urolithin A in cancer prevention or as adjuvant therapy is promising.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Molecular Nutrition and Food Research - January 23, 2020 Category: Food Science Authors: Md Alauddin, Toshiyuki Okumura, Janet Rajaxavier, Shayan Khozooei, Simone P öschel, Satoru Takeda, Yogesh Singh, Sara Y Brucker, Diethelm Wallwiener, André Koch1, Madhuri S Salker Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Endothelial autophagy deficiency induces IL6 - dependent endothelial mesenchymal transition and organ fibrosis.
Abstract Macroautophagy/autophagy plays a vital role in the homeostasis of diverse cell types. Vascular endothelial cells contribute to vascular health and play a unique role in vascular biology. Here, we demonstrated that autophagy defects in endothelial cells induced IL6 (interleukin 6)-dependent endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and organ fibrosis with metabolic defects in mice. Inhibition of autophagy, either by a specific inhibitor or small interfering RNA (siRNA) for ATG5 (autophagy related 5), in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) induced EndMT. The IL6 level was significantly higher...
Source: Autophagy - January 21, 2020 Category: Cytology Authors: Takagaki Y, Lee SM, Dongqing Z, Kitada M, Kansaki K, Koya D Tags: Autophagy Source Type: research

Inhibition of inflammation-mediated DPP-4 expression by linagliptin increases M2 macrophages in atherosclerotic lesions.
CONCLUSIONS: Linagliptin increased M2 macrophage polarization by inhibiting DPP-4 expression and activity. These findings may indicate the beneficial effects of DPP-4 inhibitors on the progression of diabetic macrovascular complications. PMID: 31964532 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - January 17, 2020 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Nishida S, Matsumura T, Senokuchi T, Murakami-Nishida S, Ishii N, Morita Y, Yagi Y, Motoshima H, Kondo T, Araki E Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Cortex Mori Radicis extract promotes neurite outgrowth in diabetic rats by activating PI3K/AKT signaling and inhibiting Ca2+ influx associated with the upregulation of transient receptor potential canonical channel 1.
Authors: Lu M, Yi T, Xiong Y, Wang Q, Yin N Abstract Cortex Mori Radicis extract (CMR) has various pharmacological properties, such as anti‑inflammatory, anti‑allergic and anti‑hyperglycemic effects. However, the effects and mechanisms of CMR in the neuroregeneration of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) are unclear. In the present study, the effects of CMR on neurite outgrowth of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons in diabetic rats were investigated and its underlying mechanisms were explored. SD rats were subjected to a high‑fat diet with low‑dose streptozotocin to induce a Type II diabetes model with p...
Source: Molecular Medicine Reports - January 16, 2020 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Mol Med Rep Source Type: research

Interleukin-27 decreases ghrelin production through signal transducer and activator of transcription 3—mechanistic target of rapamycin signaling
In conclusion, IL-27 suppresses ghrelin production through the STAT3-mTOR dependent mechanism.Graphical abstractIL-27 stimulates the activity of STAT3 and mTOR. IL-27 also enhances the interaction between STAT3 and mTOR, leading to the subsequent inhibition of ghrelin expression and appetite.
Source: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B - January 8, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Role of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 in suppressing lipid accumulation by glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist in hepatocytes
ConclusionsOur data reveals that exendin-4 stimulates hepatic ABCA1 expression and reduces lipid accumulation by the CaMKK/CaMKIV/PREB pathway, suggesting that ABCA1 and PREB might be the therapeutic targets in fatty liver disease.Graphical abstract
Source: Molecular Metabolism - January 7, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research