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Drug: Metformin

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Total 134 results found since Jan 2013.

Metformin alters H2A.Z dynamics and regulates androgen dependent prostate cancer progression.
Authors: Tyagi M, Cheema MS, Dryhurst D, Eskiw CH, Ausió J Abstract Epigenetic mechanisms involved in prostate cancer include hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes, general hypomethylation of the genome, and alterations in histone posttranslational modifications (PTMs). In addition, over expression of the histone variant H2A.Z as well as deregulated expression of Polycomb group proteins including EZH2 have been well-documented. Recent evidence supports a role for metformin in prostate cancer (PCa) treatment. However, the mechanism of action of metformin in PCa is poorly understood. We provide data showing tha...
Source: Oncotarget - January 18, 2019 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Molecular mechanism of LKB1 in the invasion and metastasis of colorectal cancer.
Authors: Chen Y, Liu Y, Zhou Y, You H Abstract The occurrence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with a variety of oncogenes and tumor‑suppressor genes. As a tumor‑suppressor gene, the liver kinase B1 gene (LKB1, also known as serine/threonine kinase 11, STK11) is closely related to tumor angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, but its molecular mechanisms remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of LKB1 on the invasion and metastasis of CRC, and to explore its molecular mechanisms. By detecting the expression of LKB1 in CRC, we can provide a reference index for diagnosin...
Source: Oncology Reports - December 1, 2018 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research

Anticancer Activity of Metformin, an Antidiabetic Drug, Against Ovarian Cancer Cells Involves Inhibition of Cysteine-Rich 61 (Cyr61)/Akt/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Signaling Pathway.
CONCLUSIONS Taken together, we concluded that metformin exhibits anticancer effects and Cyr61 acts as a direct target for metformin in ovarian cancer cells. PMID: 30171812 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Science Monitor - September 2, 2018 Category: Research Tags: Med Sci Monit Source Type: research

Metformin Alleviates Radiation-Induced Skin Fibrosis via the Downregulation of FOXO3
Conclusions: The results indicated that metformin suppresses radiation-induced skin injuries by modulating the expression of FOXO3 through PIK3r1. Collectively, the data obtained in this study suggested that metformin could be a potent therapeutic agent for alleviating radiation-induced skin fibrosis.Cell Physiol Biochem 2018;48:959 –970
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - July 23, 2018 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Metformin ameliorates TGF- β1-induced osteoblastic differentiation of human aortic valve interstitial cells by inhibiting β-catenin signaling.
In conclusion, our results suggest a beneficial effect of metformin based on the prevention of osteoblastic differentiation of human AVICs via inhibition of β-catenin, which indicates the therapeutic potential of metformin for CAVD. PMID: 29679571 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - April 18, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Fayuan L, Chong C, Qinyu W, Shi Jiawei, Huadong L, Nianguo D Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

ROS Modifiers and NOX4 Affect the Expression of the Survivin-Associated Radio-Adaptive Response.
Abstract The survivin-associated radio-adaptive response can be induced following exposure to ionizing radiation in the dose range from 5 to 100 mGy, and its magnitude of expression is dependent upon the TP53 mutational status of cells and ROS signaling. The purpose of the study was to investigate the potential role of ROS in the development of the survivin-associated adaptive response. Utilizing human colon carcinoma HCT116 TP53 wild type (WT) and HCT116 isogenic TP53 null mutant (Mut) cell cultures, the roles of inter- and intracellular ROS signaling on expression of the adaptive response as evidenced by changes...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - April 13, 2018 Category: Biology Authors: Murley JS, Arbiser JL, Weichselbaum RR, Grdina DJ Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Down-regulation of PKM2 enhances anticancer efficiency of THP on bladder cancer.
This study aims to investigate the effect of down-regulation of PKM2 on THP efficiency. Via inhibitor or siRNA, the effects of reduced PKM2 on the efficiency of THP were determined in 2 human and 1 murine bladder cancer cell lines, using MTT, cologenic and fluorescence approaches. Molecular mechanisms of PKM2 on THP sensitization were explored by probing p-AMPK and p-STAT3 levels via WB. Syngeneic orthotopic bladder tumour model was applied to evaluate this efficiency in vivo, analysed by Kaplan-Meier survival curves, body and bladder weights plus immunohistochemistric tumour biomarkers. PKM2 was overexpressed in bladder c...
Source: J Cell Mol Med - March 7, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Su Q, Tao T, Tang L, Deng J, Darko KO, Zhou S, Peng M, He S, Zeng Q, Chen AF, Yang X Tags: J Cell Mol Med Source Type: research

Down ‐regulation of PKM2 enhances anticancer efficiency of THP on bladder cancer
This study aims to investigate the effect of down‐regulation of PKM2 on THP efficiency. Via inhibitor or siRNA, the effects of reduced PKM2 on the efficiency of THP were determined in 2 human and 1 murine bladder cancer cell lines, using MTT, cologenic and fluorescence approaches. Molecular mechanisms of PKM2 on THP sensitization were explored by probing p‐AMPK and p‐STAT3 levels via WB. Syngeneic orthotopic bladder tumour model was applied to evaluate this efficiency in vivo, analysed by Kaplan‐Meier survival curves, body and bladder weights plus immunohistochemistric tumour biomarkers. PKM2 was overexpressed in b...
Source: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine - March 1, 2018 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Qiongli Su, Ting Tao, Lei Tang, Jun Deng, Kwame Oteng Darko, Sichun Zhou, Mei Peng, Shanping He, Qing Zeng, Alex F. Chen, Xiaoping Yang Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Metformin Promotes 2-Deoxy-2- 18 FFluoro-D-Glucose Uptake in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Through FoxO1-Mediated Downregulation of Glucose-6-Phosphatase
ConclusionsWe propose that treatment of HCC cells with Met may be a useful strategy for improving the efficacy of [18F]FDG as a tracer for PET/CT imaging of HCC tumors in patients.
Source: Molecular Imaging and Biology - December 18, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Metformin inhibits tumorigenesis in HBV ‐induced hepatocellular carcinoma by suppressing HULC overexpression caused by HBX
Conclusion: This study indicated that metformin imposed inhibitory effect on the HBV‐associated HCC by negatively regulating the HULC /p18/miR‐200a/ZEB1 signaling pathway. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - December 12, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhen Jiang, Haichao Liu Tags: Article Source Type: research

Suppression of Rho-kinase 1 is responsible for insulin regulation of the AMPK/SREBP-1c pathway in skeletal muscle cells exposed to palmitate
ConclusionsOur study indicated that insulin reduced lipotoxicity via ROCK1 and then improved AMPK/SREBP-1c signaling in skeletal muscle under PA-induced insulin resistance.
Source: Acta Diabetologica - March 6, 2017 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Metformin attenuates angiotensin II ‐induced TGFβ1 expression by targeting hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α
Conclusions and ImplicationsHNF4α mediated AngII‐induced TGFβ1 transcription and cardiac fibrosis. Metformin inhibited AngII‐induced HNF4α expression via AMPK activation, thus decreasing TGFβ1 transcription and cardiac fibrosis. These findings reveal a novel antifibrotic mechanism of action of metformin and identify HNF4α as a new potential therapeutic target for cardiac fibrosis.
Source: British Journal of Pharmacology - February 23, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ruifei Chen, Yenan Feng, Jimin Wu, Yao Song, Hao Li, Qiang Shen, Dan Li, Jianshu Zhang, Zhizhen Lu, Han Xiao, Youyi Zhang Tags: RESEARCH PAPER THEMED ISSUE Source Type: research

Alleviation of senescence and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in aging kidney by short-term caloric restriction and caloric restriction mimetics via modulation of AMPK/mTOR signaling.
Authors: Dong D, Cai GY, Ning YC, Wang JC, Lv Y, Hong Q, Cui SY, Fu B, Guo YN, Chen XM Abstract Renal fibrosis contributes to declining renal function in the elderly. What is unclear however, is whether epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to this age-related renal fibrosis. Here, we analyzed indicators of EMT during kidney aging and investigated the protective effects and mechanisms of short-term regimens of caloric restriction (CR) or caloric restriction mimetics (CRMs), including resveratrol and metformin. High glucose was used to induce premature senescence and EMT in human primary proximal tubul...
Source: Oncotarget - February 3, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncotarget Source Type: research

Genomic Characterization of Metformin Hepatic Response
by Marcelo R. Luizon, Walter L. Eckalbar, Yao Wang, Stacy L. Jones, Robin P. Smith, Megan Laurance, Lawrence Lin, Paul J. Gallins, Amy S. Etheridge, Fred Wright, Yihui Zhou, Cliona Molony, Federico Innocenti, Sook Wah Yee, Kathleen M. Giacomini, Nadav Ahituv Metformin is used as a first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and prescribed for numerous other diseases. However, its mechanism of action in the liver has yet to be characterized in a systematic manner. To comprehensively identify genes and regulatory elements associated with metformin trea tment, we carried out RNA-seq and ChIP-seq (H3K27ac, H3K27me3) on prima...
Source: PLoS Genetics - November 29, 2016 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Marcelo R. Luizon Source Type: research

Metformin inhibits estrogen ‐dependent endometrial cancer cell growth by activating the AMPK–FOXO1 signal pathway
This study provide a novel mechanism of anti‐neoplastic effect for metformin through the regulation of FOXO1, and suggest that AMPK‐FOXO1 pathway may be a therapeutic target to the development of new anti‐neoplastic drugs.
Source: Cancer Science - November 24, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jingfang Zou, Liangli Hong, Chaohuan Luo, Zhi Li, Yuzhang Zhu, Tianliang Huang, Yongneng Zhang, Huier Yuan, Yaqiu Hu, Tengfei Wen, Wanling Zhuang, Bozhi Cai, Xin Zhang, Jiexiong Huang, Jidong Cheng Tags: Original Article Source Type: research