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Drug: Acetylcysteine

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Total 193 results found since Jan 2013.

Triclosan activates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent apoptosis and affects Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1 expression in mouse neocortical neurons.
Abstract Triclosan (TCS) is an antimicrobial agent that is used extensively in personal care and in sanitizing products, such as soaps, toothpastes, and hair products. A number of studies have revealed the presence of TCS in human tissues, such as fat, liver and brain, in addition to blood and breast milk. The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of TCS on AhR and Cyp1a1/Cyp1b1 signaling in mouse neocortical neurons in primary cultures. In addition to the use of selective ligands and siRNAs, expression levels of mRNA and proteins as well as caspase-3 activity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) format...
Source: Environmental Research - July 26, 2016 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Szychowski KA, Wnuk A, Kajta M, Wójtowicz AK Tags: Environ Res Source Type: research

Angiotensin(1-7) attenuated Angiotensin II-induced hepatocyte EMT by inhibiting NOX-derived H2O2-activated NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1 β/Smad circuit.
Angiotensin(1-7) attenuated Angiotensin II-induced hepatocyte EMT by inhibiting NOX-derived H2O2-activated NLRP3 inflammasome/IL-1β/Smad circuit. Free Radic Biol Med. 2016 Jul 18; Authors: Zhang LL, Huang S, Ma XX, Zhang WY, Wang D, Jin SY, Zhang YP, Li Y, Li X Abstract Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is correlated with NAPDH oxidase (NOX)-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS). The ROS-induced NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing-3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a novel mechanism of EMT. Angiotensin II (AngII) induces EMT by regulating intracellular ROS. Nevertheless, it has not been reported w...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - July 17, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Zhang LL, Huang S, Ma XX, Zhang WY, Wang D, Jin SY, Zhang YP, Li Y, Li X Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Metal mixture (As-Cd-Pb)-induced cell transformation is modulated by OLA1
Environmental pollutants are complex mixtures in which metals are ubiquitous. Metal mixtures of arsenic, cadmium and lead are present in the occupational environment and generate health effects such as cardiovascular, renal and cancer diseases. Cell transformation induced by metal mixtures that depend on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cell viability maintenance and avoidance of senescence was previously reported by our group. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of a Obg-like ATPase1 (OLA1) in the cell transformation of BALB/c 3T3 A31-1-1 clonal cells induced by a metal mixture (2 µM NaAsO2...
Source: Mutagenesis - June 21, 2016 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Martinez-Baeza, E., Rojas, E., Valverde, M. Tags: Original Manuscript Source Type: research

TNF-α Activates High-Mobility Group Box 1 - Toll-Like Receptor 4 Signaling Pathway in Human Aortic Endothelial Cells
Conclusion: Upon TNF-α stimulation, TLR4 is activated by HMGB1 that is immediately released after the generation of reactive oxygen species, and plays a crucial role in the signal transduction.Cell Physiol Biochem 2016;38:2139-2151
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - May 17, 2016 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Gambogic Acid Inhibits Malignant Melanoma Cell Proliferation Through Mitochondrial p66shc/ROS-p53/Bax-Mediated Apoptosis
Conclusion: Results provided novel preclinical insights into the chemotherapeutic use of GA by highlighting the importance of p66shc/ROS-p53/Bax pathways in the antitumor effect of GA in malignant melanoma.Cell Physiol Biochem 2016;38:1618-1630
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - April 27, 2016 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Pterostilbene Inhibits the Growth of Human Esophageal Cancer Cells by Regulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Conclusions: Overall, the results indicate that PTE is a potent anti-cancer pharmaceutical against human esophageal cancer, and the possible mechanism involves the activation of ERS signaling pathways.Cell Physiol Biochem 2016;38:1226-1244
Source: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry - March 16, 2016 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

MIOX in Diabetic Nephropathy Molecular Bases of Disease
In conclusion, this study highlights a novel mechanism where MIOX under HG ambience exacerbates renal injury during the progression of diabetic nephropathy following the generation of excessive ROS via an unexplored G-X pathway.
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - March 11, 2016 Category: Chemistry Authors: Sun, L., Dutta, R. K., Xie, P., Kanwar, Y. S. Tags: Glycobiology and Extracellular Matrices Source Type: research

Kaempferol induces ATM/p53-mediated death receptor and mitochondrial apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
In this study, we investigated the role of kaempferol on anti-angiogenic property and the apoptotic mechanism of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Our results demonstrated that kaempferol decreased HUVEC viability in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Kaempferol also induced morphological changes and sub-G1 phase cell population (apoptotic cells). Kaempferol triggered apoptosis of HUVECs as detecting by DNA fragmentation, comet assay and immunofluorescent staining for activated caspase-3. The caspase signals, including caspase-8, -9 and -3, were time-dependently activated in HUVECs after kaempferol ...
Source: International Journal of Oncology - March 4, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Lee CF, Yang JS, Tsai FJ, Chiang NN, Lu CC, Huang YS, Chen C, Chen FA Tags: Int J Oncol Source Type: research

Helicobacter pylori induces Snail expression through ROS‐mediated activation of Erk and inactivation of GSK‐3β in human gastric cancer cells
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has been known to be implicated in human gastric carcinogenesis. Snail, the zinc‐finger transcription factor known as a key inducer of changes in the cell shape and morphogenetic movement, is aberrantly overexpressed and correlates with lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. In the present study, we investigated whether H. pylori could induce Snail activation to provoke these changes. Using a cell scatter assay, we noticed that human gastric cancer AGS cells infected with H. pylori underwent morphological changes as well as disruption of cell–cell interaction, which was then ...
Source: Molecular Carcinogenesis - January 26, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hoang‐Kieu‐Chi Ngo, Hee Geum Lee, Juan‐Yu Piao, Xiancai Zhong, Ha‐Na Lee, Hyeong‐Jun Han, Wonki Kim, Do‐Hee Kim, Young‐Nam Cha, Hye‐Kyung Na, Young‐Joon Surh Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Helicobacter pylori induces Snail expression through ROS ‐mediated activation of Erk and inactivation of GSK‐3β in human gastric cancer cells
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has been known to be implicated in human gastric carcinogenesis. Snail, the zinc‐finger transcription factor known as a key inducer of changes in the cell shape and morphogenetic movement, is aberrantly overexpressed and correlates with lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer. In the present study, we investigated whether H. pylori could induce Snail activation to provoke these changes. Using a cell scatter assay, we noticed that human gastric cancer AGS cells infected with H. pylori underwent morphological changes as well as disruption of cell–cell interaction, which was then ...
Source: Molecular Carcinogenesis - January 24, 2016 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Hoang ‐Kieu‐Chi Ngo, Hee Geum Lee, Juan‐Yu Piao, Xiancai Zhong, Ha‐Na Lee, Hyeong‐Jun Han, Wonki Kim, Do‐Hee Kim, Young‐Nam Cha, Hye‐Kyung Na, Young‐Joon Surh Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Evaluation of HO-1 expression, cellular ROS production, cellular proliferation and cellular apoptosis in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tumors and cell lines.
Authors: Ren QG, Yang SL, Hu JL, Li PD, Chen YS, Wang QS Abstract Patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have a poor prognosis. However, the related mechanisms are unclear, thus we investigated the expression of HO-1 in ESCC tissue and explored possible mechanisms of tumor progression. Expression of HO-1 was examined by immunohistochemistry in 143 ESCC tumors. The correlation of HO-1 with clinicopathological characteristics was also examined. Two human ESCC cell lines, TE-13 and Eca109 were studied. Silencing of cell line HO-1 by specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) was evaluated using real-time...
Source: Oncology Reports - January 21, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Oncol Rep Source Type: research

Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects mediated by M2 muscarinic receptor activation in human glioblastoma cells
In conclusion, in addition to a cytostatic effect previously described, in the present study we have better characterized the mechanisms causing the cytotoxic effects and the apoptotic cell death in glioblastoma cells after M2 receptor activation. These data allow to consider this receptor a new interesting therapeutic tool for the glioblastoma treatment.
Source: Neurochemistry International - October 10, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Differential protection of pre- versus post-treatment with curcumin, Trolox, and N-acetylcysteine against acrylonitrile-induced cytotoxicity in primary rat astrocytes.
CONCLUSIONS: The selected antioxidants exert differential cellular protection when administered prior or subsequent to AN-induced toxic events in decreasing cellular viability, antioxidative capacity and mitochondrial function, enhanced cytotoxicity and ROS production. These results suggest that antioxidants should be carefully chosen for their efficacy in preventing or diminishing oxidative damage caused by AN. The differential effect of pre- and post-treatment may be attributed to activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway. PMID: 26409646 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurotoxicology - September 24, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Yu B, Changsheng Y, Wenjun Z, Ben L, Hai Q, Jing M, Guangwei X, Shuhua W, Fang L, Aschner M, Rongzhu L Tags: Neurotoxicology Source Type: research

Mitochondrially Mediated HSF1 Activation Induces Cln-1 Molecular Bases of Disease
In this study, we demonstrated that mitochondrial respiratory defects induced Cln-1 transcription via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) activation, which contributed to hepatoma invasiveness. We first confirmed the inverse relationship between mitochondrial defects and Cln-1 induction in SNU hepatoma cells and hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. We then examined five different respiratory complex inhibitors, and complex I inhibition by rotenone most effectively induced Cln-1 at the transcriptional level. Rotenone increased both mitochondrial and cytosolic ROS. In addition, rotenone-induced Cln...
Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry - August 28, 2015 Category: Chemistry Authors: Lee, J.-H., Lee, Y.-K., Lim, J. J., Byun, H.-O., Park, I., Kim, G.-H., Xu, W. G., Wang, H.-J., Yoon, G. Tags: Signal Transduction Source Type: research

Reactive oxygen species production has a critical role in hypoxia-induced Stat3 activation and angiogenesis in human glioblastoma
In this study, we explored the possible implication of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in hypoxia-driven Stat3 activation in human glioblastoma. We found that hypoxic stress increased ROS production as well as Stat3 activation and that ROS inhibitors (diphenyleneiodonium, rotenone and myxothiazol) and an antioxidant (N-acetyl-l-cysteine) blocked Stat3 activation under hypoxic conditions. To determine a major route of ROS production, we tested whether nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 4 (Nox4) is involved in hypoxia-induced ROS production. Nox4 expression was found to be increased at both mRNA and protein le...
Source: Journal of Neuro-Oncology - August 21, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research