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Total 193 results found since Jan 2013.

Increased alveolar epithelial TRAF6 via autophagy-dependent TRIM37 degradation mediates particulate matter-induced lung metastasis
Autophagy. 2021 Sep 15:1-19. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2021.1965421. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEpidemiological and clinical studies have shown that exposure to particulate matter (PM) is associated with an increased incidence of lung cancer and metastasis. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated the central role of PM-induced neutrophil recruitment in promoting lung cancer metastasis. We found that reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated alveolar epithelial macroautophagy/autophagy was essential for initiating neutrophil chemotaxis and pre-metastatic niche formation in the lungs in response ...
Source: Autophagy - September 15, 2021 Category: Cytology Authors: Jiajun Liu Shumin Li Xuefeng Fei Xi Nan Yingying Shen Huiqing Xiu Stephania A Cormier Chaojie Lu Chuqi Guo Shibo Wang Zhijian Cai Pingli Wang Source Type: research

Betulinic acid induces autophagy-dependent apoptosis via Bmi-1/ROS/AMPK-mTOR-ULK1 axis in human bladder cancer cells
Aging (Albany NY). 2021 Sep 12;13(undefined). doi: 10.18632/aging.203441. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBetulinic acid (BA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid isolated from tree bark, exhibits antitumor effects against solid malignancies and triggers autophagy and/or apoptosis in human cancer cells. Nonetheless, the relationship between autophagy and apoptosis and the potential modulatory actions of BA on autophagy-dependent bladder cancer cell death remain unclear. The present study showed that BA exposure significantly suppressed viability, proliferation, and migration of EJ and T24 human bladder cancer cells. These effects ref...
Source: Aging - September 12, 2021 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yan Zhang Ning He Xuejian Zhou Feifan Wang Hairong Cai Shih Han Huang Xianwu Chen Zhenghui Hu Xiaodong Jin Source Type: research

Dexamethasone may inhibit placental growth by blocking glucocorticoid receptors via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin and reactive oxygen species/AMP-activated protein kinase signalling pathways in human placental JEG-3 cells
This study explored the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of dexamethasone (DEX, 1µM) on glucose transporters (GLUT) in JEG-3 human placental choriocarcinoma cells. JEG-3 cells were treated with DEX, an expression plasmid encoding human glucocorticoid receptor α (GRα), pcDNA3.1-GRα, GRα short interference (si) RNA, LY294002, xanthine oxidase (XO)/hypoxanthine (HX), rapamycin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF) 1, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or phosphatidic acid (PA), and cell proliferation, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) content, human placental lactogen (hPL) ...
Source: Reproduction, Fertility, and Development - August 16, 2021 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Xin Zhan Yiran Xie Liping Sun Qi Si Hongkai Shang Source Type: research

P53 mediates the stimulation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and suppression of 18F-FDG uptake and glycolysis in isoprenaline-treated H9C2 cardiomyocytes
Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that ISO treatment decreases cardiomyocyte 18F-FDG uptake by downregulating glycolytic flux and further reveals that ROS-p53 signaling plays a critical role in this metabolic response.
Source: Journal of Nuclear Medicine - May 18, 2021 Category: Nuclear Medicine Authors: Lee, J. H., Kim, D. H., Kim, M., Cho, Y. S., Jung, K.-H., LEE, K.-H. Tags: Cardiovascular Basic Science Source Type: research

Knockdown of nrf2 Exacerbates TNF- α-Induced Proliferation and Invasion of Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes through Activating JNK Pathway.
In conclusion, nrf2 is overexpressed in synovial tissues of RA patients, which may be promoted by TNF-α and ROS levels. Activation of nrf2 may suppress TNF-α-induced proliferation, invasion, and MMPs expression in RA-FLS by inhibiting JNK activation, indicating that nrf2 plays a protective role in relieving the severity of synovitis in RA. Our results might provide novel insights into the treatment of RA. PMID: 33426091 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Journal of Immunology Research - January 13, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: J Immunol Res Source Type: research

The role of the voltage-gated potassium channel, Kv2.1 in prostate cancer cell migration
BMB Rep. 2021 Jan 7:5184. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTVoltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels are involved in many important cellular functions and play pivotal roles in cancer progression. The expression level of Kv2.1 was observed to be higher in the highly metastatic prostate cancer cells (PC-3), specifically in their membrane, than in immortalized prostate cells (WPMY-1 cells) and comparatively less metastatic prostate cancer cells (LNCaP and DU145 cells). However, Kv2.1 expression was significantly decreased when the cells were treated with anti-oxidants, such as N-acetylcysteine or ascorbic acid, implying that the hi...
Source: BMB Reports - January 7, 2021 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Hyun Woo Park Min Seok Song Hun Ju Sim Pan Dong Ryu So Yeong Lee Source Type: research

The role of the voltage-gated potassium channel, Kv2.1 in prostate cancer cell migration.
Abstract Voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels are involved in many important cellular functions and play pivotal roles in cancer progression. The expression level of Kv2.1 was observed to be higher in the highly metastatic prostate cancer cells (PC-3), specifically in their membrane, than in immortalized prostate cells (WPMY-1 cells) and comparatively less metastatic prostate cancer cells (LNCaP and DU145 cells). However, Kv2.1 expression was significantly decreased when the cells were treated with anti-oxidants, such as N-acetylcysteine or ascorbic acid, implying that the highly expressed Kv2.1 could detect reac...
Source: BMB Reports - January 7, 2021 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Park HW, Song MS, Sim HJ, Ryu PD, Lee SY Tags: BMB Rep Source Type: research

Angiotensin II Decreases Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Phosphorylation via AT1R Nox/ROS/PP2A Pathway
In this study, we reported that AngII/AT1R-mediated activated protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) downregulated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation via Nox/ROS pathway. AngII treatment reduced the levels of phosphorylation of eNOS Ser1177 and nitric oxide (NO) content along with phosphorylation of PP2Ac (PP2A catalytic subunit) Tyr307, meanwhile increased the PP2A activity and ROS production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). These changes could be impeded by AT1R antagonist candesartan (CAN). The pretreatment of 10−8 M PP2A inhibitor okadaic acid (OA) reversed the levels of eNOS Ser1177 a...
Source: Frontiers in Physiology - September 29, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

TIGAR reduces smooth muscle cell autophagy to prevent pulmonary hypertension.
CONCLUSIONS: TIGAR suppressed the proliferation and migration of PASMCs via inhibiting autophagy and ROS, and therefore, improved hypoxia-induced PH. Thus, TIGAR might be a promising therapeutic target for PAH. PMID: 32946259 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - September 17, 2020 Category: Physiology Authors: Yamanaka R, Hoshino A, Fukai K, Urata R, Minami Y, Honda S, Fushimura Y, Hato D, Iwai-Kanai E, Matoba S Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research

Mechanistic study of mtROS-JNK-SOD2 signaling in bupivacaine-induced neuron oxidative stress.
Abstract Manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) is a key enzyme to scavenge free radical superoxide in the mitochondrion. SOD2 deficiency leads to oxidative injury in cells. Bupivacaine, a local anesthetic commonly used in clinic, could induce neurotoxic injury via oxidative stress. The role and the mechanism of SOD2 regulation in bupivacaine-induced oxidative stress remains unclear. Here, bupivacaine was used to treat Sprague-Dawley rats with intrathecal injection and culture human neuroblastoma cells for developing vivo injury model and vitro injury model. The results showed that bupivacaine caused the over-produ...
Source: Aging - July 12, 2020 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Liu Z, Xu S, Ji Z, Xu H, Zhao W, Xia Z, Xu R Tags: Aging (Albany NY) Source Type: research

Particulate matter exposure promotes Pseudomonas aeruginosa invasion into airway epithelia by upregulating PAFR via the ROS-mediated PI3K pathway
AbstractOver exposure to particulate matter (PM) could irritate respiratory tract infection; while,Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) is one of the main common pathogens. Our study aims are to define whether PM exposure enhances the invasion ofP. aeruginosa into the airway epithelia and to characterize the underlying mechanisms. Human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) or BEAS-2B transfected by PAFR siRNA were challenged with PM and pretreated with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor), BAY 11-7082 (NF- κB inhibitor), or CV-3988 (PAFR antagonist).P. aeruginosa invasion was evaluated using colony-forming ...
Source: Human Cell - July 4, 2020 Category: Cytology Source Type: research

Induction of SPARC on Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Phenotype Transformation, and Apoptosis of Human Brain Smooth Muscle Cells Via TGF- β1-NOX4 Pathway
AbstractSecreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) has a close association with inflammatory response and oxidative stress in tissues and is widely expressed in intracranial aneurysms (IAs), especially in smooth muscle cells. Therefore, it is inferred that SPARC might be involved in the formation and development of IAs through the inflammatory response pathway or oxidative stress pathway. The aim of this study is to investigate the pathological mechanism of SPARC in oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis during the formation of IAs, as well as the involvement of TGF- β1 and NOX4 molecules. Human brain vas...
Source: Journal of Molecular Neuroscience - June 2, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research