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Condition: Stroke

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Total 302 results found since Jan 2013.

Connecting Metainflammation and Neuroinflammation Through the PTN-MK-RPTP β/ζ Axis: Relevance in Therapeutic Development
Conclusion The expression of the components of the PTN-MK-RPTPβ/ζ axis in immune cells and in inflammatory diseases suggests important roles for this axis in inflammation. Pleiotrophin has been recently identified as a limiting factor of metainflammation, a chronic pathological state that contributes to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Pleiotrophin also seems to potentiate acute neuroinflammation independently of the inflammatory stimulus while MK seems to play different -even opposite- roles in acute neuroinflammation depending on the stimulus. Which are the functions of MK and PTN in chronic neuroi...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Plant-Derived Alkaloids: The Promising Disease-Modifying Agents for Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Conclusion This paper summarizes the current findings regarding the anti-colitis activity of plant-derived alkaloids and shows how these alkaloids exhibit significant and beneficial effects in alleviating colonic inflammation. These natural alkaloids are not only promising agents for IBD treatment but are also components for developing new wonder drugs. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms or toxicological evaluation of most plant-derived alkaloids still require much scientific research, and their actual efficacies for IBD patients have not been verified well in field research. Thus, further clinical trials to elu...
Source: Frontiers in Pharmacology - April 11, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Loss of reticulocalbin 2 lowers blood pressure and restrains angiotensin II-induced hypertension in vivo.
Abstract Hypertension affects over one billion people worldwide and increases risk for heart failure, stroke and chronic kidney disease. Despite high prevalence and devastating impact, its etiology still remains poorly understood for most hypertensive cases. Rcn2, encoding reticulocalbin 2, is a candidate gene for atherosclerosis we previously demonstrated in mice. Here we identified Rcn2 as a novel regulator of blood pressure in mice. Rcn2 was dramatically upregulated in arteries undergoing structural remodeling. Deletion of Rcn2 lowered basal blood pressure and attenuated angiotensin II-induced hypertension in C...
Source: Am J Physiol Renal P... - April 2, 2019 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Li J, Cechova S, Wang L, Isakson BE, Le T, Shi W Tags: Am J Physiol Renal Physiol Source Type: research

Inhibition of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II α Suppresses Oxidative Stress in Cerebral Ischemic Rats Through Targeting Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase.
Inhibition of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase IIα Suppresses Oxidative Stress in Cerebral Ischemic Rats Through Targeting Glucose 6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase. Neurochem Res. 2019 Mar 27;: Authors: Wei Y, Wang R, Teng J Abstract Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, and oxidative stress plays a significant role in the ischemia stage and reperfusion stage. Previous studies have indicated that both calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) are involved in the oxidative stress. Thus, the aim of this st...
Source: Neurochemical Research - March 26, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Wei Y, Wang R, Teng J Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Cytoprotective effects of euxanthone against ox-LDL-induced endothelial cell injury is mediated via Nrf2
Publication date: Available online 16 March 2019Source: Life SciencesAuthor(s): Shengnan Li, Yong Sun, Zhiwu Han, Xiaocui Bu, Weijie Yu, Junyu WangAbstractAimAtherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic condition of the arterial vessels and a risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke. Euxanthone is a xanthone compound extracted from Polygala caudata, and shows vasodilatory action. The aim of this study was to determine the potential pharmacological effects of euxanthone against oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced endothelial cell injury.Material and methodsHuman umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were expo...
Source: Life Sciences - March 17, 2019 Category: Biology Source Type: research

VEGF antagonism attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury via inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis.
Abstract Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis pathway is considered to play a vital role in mediating stroke and other cerebrovascular diseases. Previous studies have showed that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antagonism reduced cerebral ischemic/reperfusion (CI/R) damage, but whether attenuation of ER stress-induced apoptosis is contributing to its mechanisms remains elusive. Our study aimed to investigate the protective effect of VEGF antagonism on CI/R-induced injury. First, oxygen-glucose deprivation and re-oxygenation (OGD/R) BEND3 cell model was constructed to estimate siRNA-VEGF o...
Source: Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin - March 1, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Feng SQ, Zong SY, Liu JX, Chen Y, Xu R, Yin X, Zhao R, Li Y, Luo TT Tags: Biol Pharm Bull Source Type: research

Schizandrin A protects against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress and regulating the AMPK/Nrf2 pathway regulation.
In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Sch A against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms. Sch A treatment significantly improved the neurological score and reduced infarct volume 24 h after reperfusion. It dose-dependently inhibited the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase, reduced the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α interleukin [IL]-1β and IL-6), and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines (transforming growth factor-β and interleukin-10). Furthermore, it increased th...
Source: American Journal of Translational Research - February 24, 2019 Category: Research Tags: Am J Transl Res Source Type: research

FCPR03, a novel phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, alleviates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through activation of the AKT/GSK3 β/ β-catenin signaling pathway.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of FCPR03 on neuronal injury after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion and the underlying signaling pathway. The effects of FCPR03 on cellular apoptosis, intracellular accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were evaluated in HT-22 neuronal cells and cortical neurons exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). The impact of FCPR03 on brain injury, neurological scores and behavioral performance was investigated in rats subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). The protein kinase B (AKT) inhibitor MK-2206 and β-catenin siRNA...
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - February 21, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Xu B, Wang T, Xiao J, Dong W, Wen HZ, Wang X, Qin Y, Cai N, Zhou Z, Xu J, Wang H Tags: Biochem Pharmacol Source Type: research

The VGVAPG Peptide Regulates the Production of Nitric Oxide Synthases and Reactive Oxygen Species in Mouse Astrocyte Cells In Vitro.
Abstract The products of elastin degradation, namely elastin-derived peptides (EDPs), are detectable in the cerebrospinal fluid of healthy individuals and in patients after ischemic stroke, and their number increases with age. Depending on their concentrations, both nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) take part either in myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury or in neurovascular protection after ischemic stroke. The aim of our study was to determine the impact of VGVAPG peptide on ROS and NO production and expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNos), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNos...
Source: Neurochemical Research - February 13, 2019 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Szychowski KA, Gmiński J Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Neuroprotective activity of leukemia inhibitory factor is relayed through myeloid zinc finger-1 in a rat model of stroke
AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine whether leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) exerts its neuroprotective effects through signal transduction of the transcription factor myeloid zinc finger-1 (MZF-1). According to the hypothesis of this study, MZF-1 mediates LIF-induced neuroprotective signaling during ELVO through increased expression and transcriptional activity. To determine the in vivo role of MZF-1 in LIF-induced neuroprotection, we used Genomatix software was used to MZF-1 sites in the promoter region of the rat superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) gene. Stroke was induced via middle cerebral artery occlusion, and ...
Source: Metabolic Brain Disease - January 5, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Astrocytic cytochrome P450 4A/20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid contributes to angiogenesis in the experimental ischemic stroke.
Abstract 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE), a cytochrome P450 4A (CYP4A) metabolite of arachidonic acid, is one of the primary eicosanoids in most of microcirculatory beds. Studies have indicated that 20-HETE has important functions in the modulation of vascular tone, ion transport, inflammation reaction, and cellular proliferation. Both we and others have demonstrated that 20-HETE plays an important role in acute phase of ischemic stroke. However, little is known about the effect of 20-HETE on recovery phase of stroke. Crosstalk between the cells within the neurovascular unit is increasingly suspected of ...
Source: Brain Research - December 17, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Liu Y, Li Y, Zhan M, Liu Y, Li Z, Li J, Cheng G, Teng G, Lu L Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

Pyroptosis of HUVECs can be induced by heat stroke.
Abstract Heat stroke is a serious pathological condition with high mortality. Vascular endothelial cell injury is a key feature in the pathogenesis of heat stroke, but the specific pathophysiological process whereby this occurs is still unclear. Currently, relevant studies are primarily based upon examination of apoptosis. Recently, pyroptosis, a new form of inflammation-related programmed cell death, was also demonstrated to be involved in heat stroke pathophysiology. Herein, we present evidence that vascular endothelial cell pyroptosis can be induced by heat stress in a time- and temperature-dependent manner. Fu...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - November 22, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Pei Y, Geng Y, Su L Tags: Biochem Biophys Res Commun Source Type: research

Molecules, Vol. 23, Pages 2828: 8e Protects against Acute Cerebral Ischemia by Inhibition of PI3K γ-Mediated Superoxide Generation in Microglia
Molecules, Vol. 23, Pages 2828: 8e Protects against Acute Cerebral Ischemia by Inhibition of PI3Kγ-Mediated Superoxide Generation in Microglia Molecules doi: 10.3390/molecules23112828 Authors: Linna Wang Xiaoli Wang Tingting Li Yihua Zhang Hui Ji The inflammatory response mediated by microglia plays a critical role in the progression of ischemic stroke. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma (PI3Kγ) has been implicated in multiple inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, making it a promising target for therapeutic intervention. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 8e, a hydrogen sulfi...
Source: Molecules - October 31, 2018 Category: Chemistry Authors: Linna Wang Xiaoli Wang Tingting Li Yihua Zhang Hui Ji Tags: Article Source Type: research

SETD5-AS1 stimulates neuron death in stroke via promoting PTEN expression.
CONCLUSIONS: SETD5-AS1 is highly expressed in the ischemia-reperfusion injury model. SETD5-AS1 participates in the development of ischemic stroke by activating PTEN and inhibiting PI3K/AKT pathway. PMID: 30280788 [PubMed - in process]
Source: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences - October 5, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci Source Type: research

A Mesenchymal stem cell line (B10) increases angiogenesis in a rat MCAO model.
Abstract A human mesenchymal stem cell line (B10) transplantation has been shown to improve ischemia-induced neurological deficits in animal stroke models. To understand the underlying mechanism, we have investigated the effects of B10 transplantation on cerebral angiogenesis in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model. B10 cells were transplanted intravenously 24 h after MCAO. Immunofluorescence staining results showed that compared to PBS-groups, vWF positive vessel and endoglin positive new vessels were increased in B10-transplanted MCAO groups in the lesion areas. The mRNA of angiogenesis factors ...
Source: Experimental Neurology - October 3, 2018 Category: Neurology Authors: Sheikh AM, Yano S, Mitaki S, Haque MA, Yamaguchi S, Nagai A Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research