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Condition: Stroke

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Total 302 results found since Jan 2013.

Brain protection against ischemic stroke using choline as a new molecular bypass treatment.
CONCLUSION: Choline effectively attenuates brain ischemic injury in pMCAO rats, possibly by facilitating pial arteriogenesis and cerebral-cortical capillary angiogenesis via upregulating α7 nAChR levels and inducing the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF. PMID: 26567726 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica - November 16, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Jin X, Wang RH, Wang H, Long CL, Wang H Tags: Acta Pharmacol Sin Source Type: research

Cytosolic phospholipase A 2 plays a crucial role in ROS/NO signaling during microglial activation through the lipoxygenase pathway
Conclusions: In summary, the results in this study demonstrated the role of cPLA 2 in microglial activation with metabolic links to oxidative and inflammatory responses, and this was in part regulated by the AA metabolic pathways, namely the LOXs. Further studies with targeted inhibition of cPLA 2 /LOX in microglia during neuroinflammatory conditions can be valuable to investigate the therapeutic potential in ameliorating neurological disease pathology.
Source: Journal of Neuroinflammation - October 31, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Dennis ChuangAgnes SimonyiPaul KotzbauerZezong GuGrace Sun Source Type: research

Increases in intracellular calcium perturb blood–brain barrier via protein kinase C-alpha and apoptosis
This study reveals successive increases in intracellular calcium levels and protein kinase C-α activity are key mechanisms in OGD±R-mediated impairment of BBB. Furthermore inhibition of protein kinase C-α may be therapeutic in restoring BBB function by reducing the rate of cytoskeletal reorganisation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Graphical abstract
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) Molecular Basis of Disease - October 25, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Source Type: research

Micro‐RNA‐30a regulates ischemia‐induced cell death by targeting heat shock protein HSPA5 in primary cultured cortical neurons and mouse brain after stroke
Micro‐RNAs (miRs) have emerged as key gene regulators in many diseases, including stroke. We recently reported that miR‐30a protects N2A cells against ischemic injury, in part through enhancing beclin 1‐mediated autophagy. The present study explores further the involvement of miR‐30a in ischemia‐induced apoptosis and its possible mechanisms in primary cortical neurons and stroked mouse brain. We demonstrate that miR‐30a level is significantly decreased in cortical neurons after 1‐hr oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD)/24‐hr reoxygenation. Overexpression of miR‐30a aggravated the OGD‐induced neuronal cell...
Source: Journal of Neuroscience Research - August 24, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Peng Wang, Nan Zhang, Jia Liang, Jiefei Li, Song Han, Junfa Li Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Minocycline ameliorates hypoxia-induced blood–brain barrier damage by inhibition of HIF-1α through SIRT-3/PHD-2 degradation pathway
Conclusions: Minocycline inhibits HIF-1α-mediated cellular responses and protects BBB integrity through SIRT-3/PHD-2 pathway, proving to be a potential drug for the prevention and treatment of hypoxic brain injuries.
Source: Neuroscience - August 7, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Autophagy protects Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells against Methylglyoxal‐induced Injuries: in parallel with Cerebral Ischemic Model in Diabetic Rats
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - August 1, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Lili Fang, Xue Li, Yinbo Zhong, Jing Yu, Lina Yu, Haibin Dai, Min Yan Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Osteopontin Mediates Hyperbaric Oxygen Preconditioning-Induced Neuroprotection Against Ischemic Stroke
Abstract Neurosurgical operations may result in surgical injury which would lead to postoperative neurological deficits. Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning (HBO-PC) may be beneficial for such people. However, the exact mechanism underlying HBO-PC is not well known yet. The aim of this study is to explore the role of osteopontin (OPN) in HBO-PC-induced neuroprotection. The study consisted of two experiments. In experiment 1, Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into four groups: sham group, HBO-PC sham group, stroke group, and HBO-PC group (HBO-PC + stroke). The animals in the second experiment were randomly a...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - July 21, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Silencing of Id2 attenuates hypoxia/ischemia-induced neuronal injury via inhibition of neuronal apoptosis.
This study was aimed to investigate whether knockdown of Id2 in neuronal cells could protect them from hypoxic and ischemic injury both in vitro and in vivo. Flow cytometric analysis was employed to assess neuronal apoptosis in CoCl2-treated neuroblastoma B35 cells engineered to overexpress or knockdown Id2 expression. In vivo knockdown of Id2 was performed in Sprague-Dawley rats by a single intracerebroventricular injection of Cy3-labeled and cholesterol-modified Id2-siRNA. We found that knockdown of Id2 attenuated H/I-induced neuronal apoptosis in vitro while overexpression of Id2 produced an opposite effect. In a rat mo...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - July 14, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Guo L, Yang X, Lin X, Lin Y, Shen L, Nie Q, Ren L, Guo Q, Que S, Qiu Y Tags: Behav Brain Res Source Type: research

PPAR-γ Ameliorates Neuronal Apoptosis and Ischemic Brain Injury via Suppressing NF-κB-Driven p22phox Transcription
Abstract Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ), a stress-induced transcription factor, protects neurons against ischemic stroke insult by reducing oxidative stress. NADPH oxidase (NOX) activation, a major driving force in ROS generation in the setting of reoxygenation/reperfusion, constitutes an important pathogenetic mechanism of ischemic brain damage. In the present study, both transient in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation and in vivo middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion-reperfusion experimental paradigms of ischemic neuronal death were used to investigate the interaction between PPAR-γ a...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - June 24, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Neuroprotection of Sanhua Decoction against Focal Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats through a Mechanism Targeting Aquaporin 4.
In conclusion, SHD exerted neuroprotection against focal cerebral I/R injury in rats mainly through a mechanism targeting AQP4. PMID: 26089944 [PubMed]
Source: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine - June 21, 2015 Category: Complementary Medicine Tags: Evid Based Complement Alternat Med Source Type: research

Diallyl trisufide protects against oxygen glucose deprivation -induced apoptosis by scavenging free radicals via the PI3K/Akt -mediated Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in B35 neural cells.
Abstract Oxidative stress contributes to development of ischemic brain damage. Many antioxidants have been proven effective in ameliorating cerebral ischemia injury by inhibiting oxidative stress. DATS, an organosulfuric component of garlic oil, exhibits antioxidative effects. In present study, we used OGD model to investigate the neuroprotective effects of DATS and the mechanisms related to these effects. B35 neural cells exposed to OGD caused a decrease in cell viability and increases in the percentage of apoptotic cells and the level of intracellular cleaved caspase-3, all of which were markedly attenuated by D...
Source: Brain Research - April 17, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Li Li G, Wang BA, Hua Xu X, Qin Y, Rong Bai S, Rong J, Deng T, Li Q Tags: Brain Res Source Type: research

Neuroprotective Role of an N-acetyl Serotonin Derivative via Activation of Tropomyosin-related Kinase Receptor B after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Rat Model.
This study is to investigate a potential role of HIOC on ameliorating early brain injury after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). One hundred and fifty-six adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. SAH model was induced by endovascular perforation. TrkB small interfering RNA (siRNA) or scramble siRNA was injected intracerebroventricularly 24hours before SAH. HIOC was administrated intracerebroventricularly 3hours after SAH and compared with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). SAH grade and neurologic scores were evaluated for the outcome study. For the mechanism study, the expression of TrkB, phosphorylated ...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - April 8, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Tang J, Hu Q, Chen Y, Liu F, Zheng Y, Tang J, Zhang J, Zhang JH Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research

Dioscin ameliorates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through the downregulation of TLR4 signaling via HMGB-1 inhibition.
Abstract We previously reported the promising effect of dioscin against hepatic ischemia /reperfusion (I/R) injury, but its effect on cerebral I/R injury remains unknown. In this work, an in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) model and an in vivo middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model were used. The results indicated that dioscin clearly protected PC12 cells and primary cortical neurons against OGD/R insult and significantly prevented cerebral I/R injury. Further research demonstrated that dioscin-induced neuroprotection was accompanied by a significant inhibition in the expression a...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - March 12, 2015 Category: Biology Authors: Tao X, Sun X, Yin L, Han X, Xu L, Qi Y, Xu Y, Li H, Lin Y, Liu K, Peng J Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

i-Fect Delivers siRNA in vitro and in vivo
In this study data suggest the protective effects of EPO on NUV injuries are highly associated with the increase of p-Cx43, which improves GJIC to reduce neurotoxic substances: Ziyi Zhoua, Xiaobai Weib, Jun Xiang, Junpeng Gao, Lixin Wang, Jinsong You, Yefeng Cai , Dingfang Caid. Protection of erythropoietin against ischemic neurovascular unit injuries through the effects of connexin43. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.02...The strands were incubated at 90°C for 5 min and then at 37°C for 1 h. SiRNA was prepared immediately before administration by mixing the RNA solution (1 μg...
Source: Neuromics - February 21, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Tags: Cerebral Ischemia Connexin 43 Delivering siRNA to the CNS EPO HDAC2 i-Fect Stroke Source Type: news

DDR1 may play a key role in destruction of the blood–brain barrier after cerebral ischemia–reperfusion
Publication date: Available online 25 January 2015 Source:Neuroscience Research Author(s): Mingxia Zhu , Dong Xing , Zhihong Lu , Yanhong Fan , Wugang Hou , Hailong Dong , Lize Xiong , Hui Dong Discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1) has been shown to mediate matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) secretions and degrade all extracellular matrix compounds in mammalian tumor cells. We hypothesized that DDR1 expression will be elevated and the blood–brain barrier (BBB) will be damaged after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Inhibiting DDR1 expression can alleviate BBB disruption and cerebral ischemic damage via down-regulation of M...
Source: Neuroscience Research - January 30, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research