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Condition: Stroke

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Total 302 results found since Jan 2013.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Reduces Infarction Volume and Hemorrhagic Transformation Through ATP/NAD+/Sirt1 Pathway in Hyperglycemic Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Rats Basic Sciences
Conclusions—HBO induced activation of ATP/nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide/silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 pathway and protected blood–brain barrier in hyperglycemic middle cerebral artery occlusion rats. HBO might be promising approach for treatment of acute ischemic stroke patients, especially patients with diabetes mellitus or treated with r-tPA (recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator).
Source: Stroke - May 22, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Qin Hu, Anatol Manaenko, Hetao Bian, Zongduo Guo, Jun-Long Huang, Zhen-Ni Guo, Peng Yang, Jiping Tang, John H. Zhang Tags: Animal Models of Human Disease, Basic Science Research, Ischemia, Neuroprotectants Original Contributions Source Type: research

Inhibition of miR-181a protects female mice from transient focal cerebral ischemia by targeting astrocyte estrogen receptor- α
In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest miR-181a inhibition enhances E2-mediated stroke protection in females in part by augmenting ERα production, a mechanism detected in female mice and female astrocytes. Sex differences were observed with combined miR-181a inhibition/E2 treatment, and miR-181a targeting of ERα. Graphical abstract
Source: Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience - May 15, 2017 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Ghrelin suppresses inflammation in HUVECs by inhibiting ubiquitin-mediated uncoupling protein  2 degradation.
In this study, we demonstrate that the treatment of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with ghrelin inhibits the oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-induced inflammatory response, In addition, treatment with ghrelin led to the accumulation of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) in the cells, thus decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Moreover, the siRNA-mediated knockdown of UCP2 expression suggested that the inhibitory effects of ghrelin on the inflammatory response relied on its ability to induce the accumulation of cellular UCP2 levels. Further analysis indicated that the accumulation of UC...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - May 13, 2017 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Zhang R Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: research

The 15-LO-1/15-HETE system promotes angiogenesis by upregulating VEGF in ischemic brains.
DISCUSSION: The results indicate that the 15-LO-1/15-HETE system promotes angiogenesis in ischemic brains by upregulation of VEGF, representing a potential target for improving neurobehavioral recovery after cerebral ischemic stroke. PMID: 28460604 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Neurological Research - May 5, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: Neurol Res Source Type: research

Molecular therapy set to protect at-risk patients against heart attack and stroke
Even a single dose of a specific ribonucleic acid molecule, known as a small interfering RNA (siRNA), offers patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease long-lasting protection against high LDL cholesterol -- one of the main risk factors for heart attack and stroke -- conclude researchers.
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - March 30, 2017 Category: Science Source Type: news

TDAG8 activation attenuates cerebral ischaemia-reperfusion injury via Akt signalling in rats.
CONCLUSIONS: TDAG8 plays an important neuroprotective role through inhibition of neuronal apoptosis and alleviation of neurological deficits by activating the Akt signalling pathway in rats. PMID: 28365474 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Experimental Neurology - March 29, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Ma XD, Hang LH, Shao DH, Shu WW, Hu XL, Luo H Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Smooth muscle cell-specific deletion of Col15a1 unexpectedly leads to impaired development of advanced atherosclerotic lesions.
Abstract Atherosclerotic plaque rupture with subsequent embolic events is a major cause of sudden death from myocardial infarction or stroke. Although smooth muscle cells (SMC) produce and respond to collagens in vitro, there is no direct evidence in vivo that SMC are a crucial source of collagens and that this impacts lesion development or fibrous cap formation. We sought to determine how conditional SMC specific knockout of collagen type XV (COL15A1) in SMC lineage tracing mice affects advanced lesion formation given: 1) we previously identified a Col15a1 sequence variant associated with age related atherosclero...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology - March 9, 2017 Category: Physiology Authors: Durgin BG, Cherepanova OA, Gomez D, Karaoli T, Alencar GF, Butcher JT, Zhou YQ, Bendeck MP, Isakson BE, Owens GK, Connelly JJ Tags: Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol Source Type: research

Cofilin Mediates LPS-Induced Microglial Cell Activation and Associated Neurotoxicity Through Activation of NF- κB and JAK–STAT Pathway
In conclusion, we demonstrated that cofilin is involved in the cascade of microglial cell activation and further validates our previous study on cofilin’s role in mediating neuronal apoptosis. Together, our results sug gest that cofilin could present a common target in neurons and microglial cells and might prove to be a promising therapy for different brain injury mechanisms including stroke.
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - February 12, 2017 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

TGF- β1/Smad3 Signaling Pathway Suppresses Cell Apoptosis in Cerebral Ischemic Stroke Rats.
CONCLUSIONS The TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway was up-regulated once cerebral ischemic stroke was simulated. TGF-β1 may activate the expression of Bcl-2 via Smad3 to suppress the apoptosis of neurons. PMID: 28110342 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Science Monitor - January 25, 2017 Category: Research Tags: Med Sci Monit Source Type: research

Cystatin C Is a Crucial Endogenous Protective Determinant Against Stroke Basic Sciences
Conclusions—CysC is a crucial determinant contributing to endogenous neuroprotection. It is also a novel candidate for stroke treatment through maintaining lysosomal membrane integrity.
Source: Stroke - January 22, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Zongping Fang, Jiao Deng, Zhixin Wu, Beibei Dong, Shiquan Wang, Xiaodan Chen, Huang Nie, Hailong Dong, Lize Xiong Tags: Ischemic Stroke, Neuroprotectants Original Contributions Source Type: research

Influence of miR-155 on Cell Apoptosis in Rats with Ischemic Stroke: Role of the Ras Homolog Enriched in Brain (Rheb)/mTOR Pathway.
CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of miR-155 may play protective roles in ischemic stroke by phosphorylating S6K through the Rheb/mTOR pathway. PMID: 28025572 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Medical Science Monitor - December 28, 2016 Category: Research Tags: Med Sci Monit Source Type: research

OxLDL receptor chromatography from live human U937 cells identifies SYK(L) that regulates phagocytosis of oxLDL.
Abstract The binding and activation of macrophages by microscopic aggregates of oxLDL in the intima of the arteries may be an important step towards atherosclerosis leading to heart attack and stroke. Microbeads coated with oxLDL were used to activate, capture and isolate the oxLDL receptor complex from the surface of live cells. Analysis of the resulting tryptic peptides by liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry revealed the Spleen Tyrosine Kinase (SYK), and many of SYK's known interaction network including Fc receptors (FCGR2A, FCER1G and FCGR1A) Toll receptor 4 (TLR4), as well as RNA binding and met...
Source: Analytical Biochemistry - August 6, 2016 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Howard JC, Florentinus-Mefailoski A, Bowden P, Trimble W, Grinstein S, Marshall JG Tags: Anal Biochem Source Type: research

FGF21 represses cerebrovascular aging via improving mitochondrial biogenesis and inhibiting p53 signaling pathway in an AMPK-dependent manner.
Abstract Cerebrovascular aging has a high relationship with stroke and neurodegenerative disease. In the present study, we evaluated the influence of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) on angiotensin (Ang II)-mediated cerebrovascular aging in human brain vascular smooth muscle cells (hBVSMCs). Ang II induced remarkable aging-phenotypes in hBVSMCs, including enhanced SA-β-gal staining and NBS1 protein expression. First, we used immunoblotting assay to confirm protein expression of FGF21 receptor (FGFR1) and the co-receptor β-Klotho in cultured hBVSMCs. Second, we found that FGF21 treatment partly prevented the a...
Source: Experimental Cell Research - June 26, 2016 Category: Cytology Authors: Wang XM, Xiao H, Liu LL, Cheng D, Li XJ, Si LY Tags: Exp Cell Res Source Type: research

Anti‐inflammatory effects of ADAMTS‐4 in a mouse model of ischemic stroke
ADAMTS‐4 (a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs type 4) is a metalloprotease capable to degrade chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans leading to cartilage destruction during arthritis or to neuroplasticity during spinal cord injury (SCI). Although ADAMTS‐4 is an inflammatory‐regulated enzyme, its role during inflammation has never been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ADAMTS‐4 in neuroinflammation. First, we evidenced an increase of ADAMTS‐4 expression in the ischemic brain hemisphere of mouse and human patients suffering from ischemic stroke. Then, we descri...
Source: Glia - June 14, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Sighild Lemarchant, Hiramani Dunghana, Yuriy Pomeshchik, Henri Leinonen, Natalia Kolosowska, Paula Korhonen, Katja M Kanninen, Teresa García‐Berrocoso, Joan Montaner, Tarja Malm, Jari Koistinaho Tags: Research Article Source Type: research