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The Gut-Immune-Brain Axis in Autism Spectrum Disorders; A Focus on Amino Acids
Conclusion In Table 1, an overview is presented of the complex roles of AAs described in this review regarding the microbiome-gut-immune-brain axis in ASD. Besides behavioral deficits, people with ASD are characterized by systemic inflammation, gastrointestinal immune-related disturbances and changes in the gut microbiota composition. Moreover, differences in levels of specific AAs in various body compartments, including the intestinal tract, blood, urine and brain have been reported in patients with ASD, as well as in rodent models for ASD. This review described that specific AAs can modulate the intestinal epithelial im...
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - April 15, 2019 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

BET Bromodomain Inhibitor iBET151 Impedes Human ILC2 Activation and Prevents Experimental Allergic Lung Inflammation
This study was supported by grants from GSK and the UK Medical Research Council (U105178805). Conflict of Interest Statement AM has grant funding from GSK and AstraZeneca/MedImmune. MB, DJ, AP, DT, and AvO are employees of GSK. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to the Ares staff, genotyping facility, and flow cytometry core for their technical assistance. We thank Jen Walker for advice on the manuscript. Supplementary Material The Supplem...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 8, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Gut Prevotella as a possible biomarker of diet and its eubiotic versus dysbiotic roles-A comprehensive literature review.
Abstract Gut microbiota has a profound impact on human health. Emerging data shows that dietary patterns are associated with different communities of bacterial species within the gut. Prevotella species have been correlated with plant rich diets, abundant in carbohydrates and fibres. Dysbiosis within the gut ecosystem has been associated with the development of non-communicable diseases such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, colorectal cancer, type 1 diabetes, allergies and other diseases. The purpose of this comprehensive literature review was to evaluate the av...
Source: The British Journal of Nutrition - March 28, 2019 Category: Nutrition Authors: Precup G, Vodnar DC Tags: Br J Nutr Source Type: research

Safety, Efficacy, and Clinical Impact of Penicillin Skin Testing in Immunocompromised Cancer Patients
ConclusionOur findings support PST use in immunocompromised hosts. The widespread use of PST in patients with cancer will allow for optimal use of antimicrobial therapy and stewardship, which are vital in a population at increased risk for infections.
Source: The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice - March 28, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Here ’s Everything You Need to Know About Gut Health
It’s hardly news that the gastrointestinal tract is important to human health: It transports food from the mouth to the stomach, converts it into absorbable nutrients and stored energy, and shuttles waste back out of the body. If you don’t properly nourish yourself, you don’t live. It’s that simple. But in recent years, scientists have discovered that the GI system has an even bigger, more complex job than previously appreciated. It’s been linked to numerous aspects of health that have seemingly nothing to do with digestion, from immunity to emotional stress to chronic illnesses, including can...
Source: TIME: Health - March 25, 2019 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Amanda MacMillan Tags: Uncategorized Research Source Type: news

All Itching Is Not Benign; A Case of Refractory Hypereosinophilic Syndrome Treated with Off Label CD52 Inhibitor-Alemtuzumab
CONCLUSIONOur patient responded well to alemtuzumab, without any notable side effects. Therapy should be reserved due to early and late adverse affects but this agent has proved to be an effective treatment for HES in terms of both complete hematologic response and duration (Strati, P. et. al Clinical Lymphoma, Myeloma & Leukemia 2012). Moreover resistance is not seen, as patients with relapse were able to achieve a second remission. Data about efficacy and safety in the long-term remains lacking, but for treatment resistant and refractory HES, Alemtuzmab may be a suitable choice.DisclosuresNo relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
Source: Blood - November 21, 2018 Category: Hematology Authors: Ansari, R., Osuna Salazar, E. N., Sarhill, N., Garcia, L. E., Hanley, J. Tags: 634. Myeloproliferative Syndromes: Clinical Source Type: research

Drought in the Semiarid Region of Brazil: Exposure, Vulnerabilities and Health Impacts from the Perspectives of Local Actors
Conclusion The results obtained from this research shows, in general, the fragility in the social and political infrastructure necessary to improve the living conditions of populations, particularly those that depend on family agriculture in drought prone areas. The conditions of social, economic and environmental vulnerabilities presented in the region can be amplified by the drought process, and can aggravate the impacts resulting drought events, thus disadvantaging the population of this region, as shown in the Fig. 1. The general perception of the interviewees of the health sector shows an agreement with what is found...
Source: PLOS Currents Disasters - October 29, 2018 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Authors: Aderita Sena Source Type: research

Probiotics and their increasing importance in human health and infection control
Probiotics include a group of microorganisms with numerous effects acting as normal flora and masking binding sites of pathogens and inhibition of their colonization. Most common probiotic species include Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacilli and Saccharomyces boulardii. Some other beneficial properties of probiotics include cancer prevention, reduction of blood cholesterol and its absorption from the intestine (by bile digestion), stimulation and strengthen of the immune system, treatment and prevention of acute diarrhea, reducing inflammation in the intestines, and food allergies or eczema in children, improving the symptom...
Source: Reviews in Medical Microbiology - October 1, 2018 Category: Microbiology Tags: Bacteriology Source Type: research

In Brief: Severe Hypersensitivity Reactions with Rolapitant IV Emulsion (Varubi)
Date: January 29, 2018 Issue #:  1539Summary:  The FDA has warned that the IV emulsion formulation of the substance P/neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor antagonist rolapitant(Varubi) has been associated in postmarketing reports with serious hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis and anaphylactic shock.1 Rolapitant was approved by the FDA as an oral tablet in 2015 for adjunctive prevention of delayed nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy in adults2; the IV emulsion formulation of the drug was approved for the same indication in 2017.The reported hypersensitivity reactions oc...
Source: The Medical Letter - January 23, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: admin Source Type: research

Childrens ’ Probiotics: To Immunity and Beyond
Emerging research supports probiotics for a range of conditions, from allergies to oral health.
Source: CancerNetwork - October 5, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Melissa Kvidahl Tags: Digestive Health Immune Support Weight Management Nutrition Source Type: news

Elemental Sulfur Use and Associations with Pediatric Lung Function and Respiratory Symptoms in an Agricultural Community (California, USA)
Conclusions: This study suggests that elemental sulfur use, allowed in both organic and conventional farming, in close proximity to residential areas, may adversely affect children’s respiratory health. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP528 Received: 19 May 2016 Revised: 05 May 2017 Accepted: 09 May 2017 Published: 14 August 2017 Address correspondence to R. Raanan, Center for Environmental Research and Children’s Health (CERCH), University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, 1995 University Ave., Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. Telephone: (510) 642-9431. Email: rachelraananrr@gmail.com Supplemental Ma...
Source: EHP Research - August 14, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Daniil Lyalko Tags: Research Source Type: research

Humoral Immunity in Arsenic-Exposed Children in Rural Bangladesh: Total Immunoglobulins and Vaccine-Specific Antibodies
Conclusions: Arsenic exposure increased tIgG and tIgE in plasma, and tended to decrease mumps-specific IgG in children at 9 years of age. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP318 Received: 09 April 2016 Revised: 09 October 2016 Accepted: 24 October 2016 Published: 14 June 2017 Address correspondence to R. Raqib, Immunobiology, Nutrition and Toxicology Laboratory, Infectious Diseases Division, icddr,b, 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani, Mohakhali, Dhaka-1212, Bangladesh. Telephone: 880-2-9827068. E-mail: rubhana@icddrb.org Supplemental Material is available online (https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP318). The authors declare they have n...
Source: EHP Research - June 15, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Karla Gonzalez Tags: Research Source Type: research

Abstract PR03: Association of environmental risk factors, family history, and polygenic risk scores with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Conclusions: We found evidence of independent effects among the genetic and non-genetic factors with risk of CLL. Among these factors, the PRS had the largest effect size. Although we did not observe any statistical interactions, larger sample sizes are warranted to fully evaluate these effects on risk of CLL. We are currently increasing our sample size through collaboration with other research groups. Final results will be presented in the meeting.This abstract is also being presented as Poster A06.Citation Format: Geffen Kleinstern, Dennis Robinson, Tim G. Call, Mark Liebow, Silvia de Sanjosé, Yolanda Benavente, J...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - April 30, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kleinstern, G., Robinson, D., Call, T. G., Liebow, M., Sanjose, S. d., Benavente, Y., Cerhan, J. R., Slager, S. L. Tags: Improving Cancer Risk Prediction for Prevention and Early Detection: Oral Presentations - Proffered Abstracts Source Type: research

Spring health cheat sheet
As the spring weather approaches, many common winter infections recede. However, warmer temperatures can introduce a new set of health challenges. As trees and flowers bloom and grass grows, susceptible children will start to display symptoms of seasonal allergies, triggering flares of asthma and eczema. And, As children spend more time outdoors, parents also need to watch for exposure to ticks, poison ivy and excess sun. Here are a few tips to keeping your child healthy this spring. Seasonal allergies: What can you do? During allergy season: have your child bathe after spending time outdoors to remove allergens fro...
Source: Thrive, Children's Hospital Boston - April 7, 2017 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Carolyn Sax Tags: Health & Wellness Parenting allergies asthma Carolyn Sax conjunctivitis lyme disease sunburn Source Type: news

An asymptomatic diffuse palatal mass
An 82-year-old African American woman presented for evaluation of “itchiness and tingling” of the palate and a poorly fitting maxillary denture of 2 months' history. Her medical history was significant for hypertension, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation, gout, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and left breast ductal carcinoma in situ (status—post–excisi on and radiation therapy in 2008). Her medications included diltiazem, pravastatin, allopurinol, colchicine, and omeprazole, and she had no known drug allergies.
Source: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics - March 16, 2017 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Ahmed S. Sultan, Sook-Bin Woo Tags: Clinicopathologic conference Source Type: research