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LncRNA Nron deficiency protects mice from diet-induced adiposity and hepatic steatosis
Obesity, as a worldwide healthcare problem, has attracted more and more attention. Here we identify a long non-coding RNA NRON, which is highly conserved across species, as an important regulator of glucose/lipid metabolism and whole-body energy expenditure. Depletion of Nron leads to metabolic benefits in DIO (diet-induced obesity) mice, including reduced body weight and fat mass, improved insulin sensitivity and serum lipid parameters, attenuated hepatic steatosis and enhanced adipose function. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - June 2, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Bing Liu, Yi Zhong, Dandan Huang, Liuye Yang, Pengchao Wang, Liu Yang, Fengxiao Zhang, Xiaoguang Li, Minglu Liang, Kai Huang, Meng Du Source Type: research

Hepatic insulin receptor: new views on the mechanisms of liver disease
Over 65  % of people with obesity display the metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), which can manifest as steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, or liver cancer. The development and progression of MAFLD involve hepatic insulin resistance and reduced insulin clearance. This review discusses the relationships between altered insulin signaling, hepatic insulin resistance, and reduced insulin clearance in the development of MAFLD and how this provides the impetus for exploring the use of insulin sensitizers to curb this disease. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - June 1, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wang-Hsin Lee, Sonia M. Najjar, C. Ronald Kahn, Terry D. Hinds Tags: Review Source Type: research

Blood phytosterols in relation to cardiovascular diseases and mediating effects of blood lipids and hematological traits: a Mendelian randomization analysis
This study used the Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the relationships between genetic predisposition to blood sitosterol concentration and 11 CVD endpoints, along with the potential mediating effects of blood lipids and hematological traits. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - June 1, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yimin Zhao, Zhenhuang Zhuang, Yueying Li, Wendi Xiao, Zimin Song, Ninghao Huang, Wenxiu Wang, Xue Dong, Jinzhu Jia, Tao Huang Source Type: research

Ketone ester supplementation suppresses cardiac inflammation and improves cardiac energetics in a swine model of acute myocardial infarction
We examined the effects of oral ketone supplementation as a potential treatment strategy in a swine acute MI model. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - May 31, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Salva R. Yurista, Robert A. Eder, Aidan Welsh, William Jiang, Shi Chen, Anna N. Foster, Adam Mauskapf, W.H. Wilson Tang, William J. Hucker, Jaume Coll-Font, Anthony Rosenzweig, Christopher T. Nguyen Source Type: research

Sarcopenic obesity in free-living older adults detected by the ESPEN-EASO consensus diagnostic algorithm: Validation in an Italian cohort and predictive value of insulin resistance and altered plasma ghrelin profile
Aging and obesity are synergistic sarcopenia risk factors (RF). Their association in sarcopenic obesity (SO) enhances morbidity and mortality, but consensus on SO diagnostic criteria is limited. ESPEN and EASO issued a consensus algorithm for SO screening (obesity and clinical SO suspicion) and diagnosis [low muscle strength by hand-grip (HGS) and low muscle mass by BIA], and we investigated its implementation in older adults (>65-years), as well as SO-associated metabolic RF [insulin resistance (IR: HOMA) and plasma acylated (AG) and unacylated (UnAG) ghrelin, with predictive value also assessed from 5-year-prior observat...
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - May 25, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Gianluca Gortan Cappellari, Annamaria Semolic, Michela Zanetti, Pierandrea Vinci, Mario Ius, Gianfranco Guarnieri, Luca Busetto, Lorenzo Maria Donini, Rocco Barazzoni Source Type: research

Energy metabolism in platelets fuels thrombus formation: Halting the thrombosis engine with small-molecule modulators of platelet metabolism
Platelets are circulating cells central to haemostasis that follows vessel injury, as well as thrombosis that ensues as a consequence of pathological stasis or plaque rupture. Platelet responses to various stimuli that mediate these processes are all energy-intensive. Hence, platelets need to adapt their energy metabolism to fulfil the requirements of clot formation while overcoming the adversities of the thrombus niche such as restricted access to oxygen and nutrient. In the present review, we describe the changes in energy metabolism of platelets upon agonist challenge and their underlying molecular mechanisms. (Source: ...
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - May 24, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Paresh P. Kulkarni, Mohammad Ekhlak, Debabrata Dash Tags: Review Source Type: research

Renin-independent aldosteronism and chronic kidney disease in diabetes: Observational and Mendelian randomization analyses
Among patients with diabetes, renin-independent aldosteronism is causally associated with a higher risk of CKD. Targeted treatment of autonomous aldosterone secretion may benefit renal function in diabetes. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - May 24, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jinbo Hu, Xiangjun Chen, Yi Luo, Jun Yang, Qinglian Zeng, Wenjin Luo, Xiaoyu Shu, Qingfeng Cheng, Lilin Gong, Zhihong Wang, Qifu Li, Shumin Yang Source Type: research

A polyphenol-rich green Mediterranean diet enhances epigenetic regulatory potential: the DIRECT PLUS randomized controlled trial
The capacity of a polyphenol-enriched diet to modulate the epigenome in vivo is partly unknown. Given the beneficial metabolic effects of a Mediterranean (MED) diet enriched in polyphenols and reduced in red/processed meat (green-MED), as previously been proven by the 18-month DIRECT PLUS randomized controlled trial, we analyzed the effects of the green-MED diet on methylome and transcriptome levels to highlight molecular mechanisms underlying the observed metabolic improvements. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - May 24, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Anne Hoffmann, Anat Yaskolka Meir, Tobias Hagemann, Paul Czechowski, Luise M üller, Beatrice Engelmann, Sven-Bastiaan Haange, Ulrike Rolle-Kampczyk, Gal Tsaban, Hila Zelicha, Ehud Rinott, Alon Kaplan, Ilan Shelef, Michael Stumvoll, Matthias Blüher, Limi Source Type: research

Fructose induced KHK-C can increase ER stress independent of its effect on lipogenesis to drive liver disease in diet-induced and genetic models of NAFLD
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome, and is estimated to affect one billion individuals worldwide. An increased intake of a high-fat diet (HFD) and sugar-sweetened beverages are risk-factors for NAFLD development, but how their combined intake promotes progression to a more severe form of liver injury is unknown. Here we show that fructose metabolism via ketohexokinase (KHK) C isoform leads to unresolved endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress when coupled with a HFD intake. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - May 22, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Se-Hyung Park, Robert N. Helsley, Taghreed Fadhul, Jennifer L.S. Willoughby, Leila Noetzli, Ho-Chou Tu, Marie H. Solheim, Shiho Fujisaka, Hui Pan, Jonathan M. Dreyfuss, Joanna Bons, Jacob Rose, Christina D. King, Birgit Schilling, Aldons J. Lusis, Calvin Source Type: research

Regulation of pericyte metabolic reprogramming restricts the AKI to CKD transition
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with high morbidity and mortality and is recognized as a long-term risk factor for progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD). The AKI to CKD transition is characterized by interstitial fibrosis and the proliferation of collagen-secreting myofibroblasts. Pericytes are the major source of myofibroblasts in kidney fibrosis. However, the underlying mechanism of pericyte-myofibroblast transition (PMT) is still unclear. Here we investigated the role of metabolic reprogramming in PMT. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - May 22, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Cheng Xu, Quan Hong, Kaiting Zhuang, Xuejing Ren, Shaoyuan Cui, Zheyi Dong, Qian Wang, Xueyuan Bai, Xiangmei Chen Source Type: research

Direct and systemic actions of growth hormone receptor (GHR)-signaling on hepatic glycolysis, de novo lipogenesis and insulin sensitivity, associated with steatosis
Evidence is accumulating that growth hormone (GH) protects against the development of steatosis and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). GH may control steatosis indirectly by altering systemic insulin sensitivity and substrate delivery to the liver and/or by the direct actions of GH on hepatocyte function. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - May 12, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Mari C. V ázquez-Borrego, Mercedes del Río-Moreno, Maxim Pyatkov, André Sarmento-Cabral, Mariyah Mahmood, Natalie Pelke, Magdalena Wnek, Jose Cordoba-Chacon, David J. Waxman, Michelle A. Puchowicz, Owen P. McGuinness, Rhonda D. Kineman Source Type: research

Unraveling the mystery of isocaloric endurance training - Influence of exercise modality, biological sex, and physical fitness
A sedentary lifestyle with low energy expenditure (EE) is associated with chronic diseases and mortality. Barriers such as “lack of time” or “lack of motivation” are common reasons why physical exercise is neglected in the general population. To optimize EE in the time available, time-efficient but also enjoyable types of exercise are required. We therefore used an isocaloric approach to systematically investiga te the effects of six different endurance exercise modalities on metabolic, mechanical, cardiorespiratory, and subjective variables in relation to biological sex and physical fitness. (Source: Metabolism - ...
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - May 8, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Thomas Leonhard St öggl, Tilmann Strepp, Julia Blumkaitis, Anna Schmuttermair, Patrick Wahl, Nils Haller Source Type: research

Mitochondria-SR interaction and mitochondrial fusion/fission in the regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism
Mitochondria-endoplasmic/sarcoplasmic reticulum (ER/SR) interaction and mitochondrial fusion/fission are critical processes that influence substrate oxidation. This narrative review summarizes the evidence on the effects of substrate availability on mitochondrial-SR interaction and mitochondria fusion/fission dynamics to modulate substrate oxidation in human skeletal muscle. Evidence shows that an increase in mitochondria-SR interaction and mitochondrial fusion are associated with elevated fatty acid oxidation. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - May 8, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Mauricio Castro-Sepulveda, Rodrigo Fern ández-Verdejo, Hermann Zbinden-Foncea, Jennifer Rieusset Tags: Mini-Review Source Type: research

Association between the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score and cancer in middle-aged and older adults: Involvement of inflammation
Diabetes is associated with increased risk of common cancers. However, evidence of cancer risk in individuals with different diabetes risk is still scarce, and the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) and risks of cancer incidence and mortality in a prospective study, and to explore whether low-grade inflammation partially mediated the association. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - May 8, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yu Peng, Peng Wang, Jianxiao Gong, Fubin Liu, Yating Qiao, Changyu Si, Xixuan Wang, Huijun Zhou, Fangfang Song Source Type: research

Diet, exercise, and pharmacotherapy for sarcopenia in people with diabetes
Diabetes prevalence is increasing rapidly in older people, and sarcopenia is prevalent as a novel complication, particularly in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, sarcopenia prevention and treatment in these people is necessary. Diabetes accelerates sarcopenia through several mechanisms, such as hyperglycemia, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. The effects of diet, exercise, and pharmacotherapy on sarcopenia in patients with T2DM need to be considered. In diet, low intake of energy, protein, vitamin D, and ω-3 fatty acid are associated with sarcopenia risk. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - May 6, 2023 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yoshitaka Hashimoto, Fuyuko Takahashi, Takuro Okamura, Masahide Hamaguchi, Michiaki Fukui Source Type: research