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Potential impact of Helicobacter pylori and metabolic syndrome-related non-alcoholic fatty liver disease on cardio-cerebrovascular disease
Peng et al. [1] concluded that there is a causal influence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), presently classified as metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), on arterial stiffness (AS) though without enough evidence signifying a causal connection of NAFLD/MAFLD with cardio-cerebrovascular disease (C-CVD). The authors considered that other metabolic syndrome (MetS)-related components might partly account for the relationship between NAFLD/MAFLD and C-CVD; such relationship may be influenced with different confounding factors [1]. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - August 5, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Jannis Kountouras, Apostolis Papaefthymiou, Stergios A. Polyzos, Christos Liatsos, Maria Tzitiridou-Chatzopoulou, Dimitrios Chatzopoulos, Elisabeth Vardaka, Dimitra Gialambrinou, Georgios Kotronis, Michael Doulberis Source Type: research

The mitochondrial NAD+ transporter SLC25A51 is a fasting-induced gene affecting SIRT3 functions
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a coenzyme central to metabolism and energy production. NAD+-dependent deacetylase sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) regulates the acetylation levels of mitochondrial proteins that are involved in mitochondrial homeostasis. Fasting up-regulates hepatic SIRT3 activity, which requires mitochondrial NAD+. What is the mechanism, then, to transport more NAD+ into mitochondria to sustain enhanced SIRT3 activity during fasting? (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - August 3, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Zhiyao Fu, Hyunbae Kim, Paul T. Morse, Mu-Jie Lu, Maik H üttemann, Xiaolu A. Cambronne, Kezhong Zhang, Ren Zhang Source Type: research

Primary cilia regulate adaptive responses to fasting
Neuronal primary cilia are known to be a required organelle for energy balance and leptin action. However, whether primary cilia directly mediate adaptive responses during starvation is yet unknown. Therefore, we investigated the counterregulatory roles of primary cilia, and their related leptin action in energy-depleted condition. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - August 1, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Dong Joo Yang, Le Trung Tran, Seul Gi Yoon, Je Kyung Seong, Dong Min Shin, Yun-Hee Choi, Ki Woo Kim Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

VCAM-1-binding peptide targeted cationic liposomes containing NLRP3 siRNA to modulate LDL transcytosis as a novel therapy for experimental atherosclerosis
Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome accelerates the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Here, we evaluated the effects of inflammation on the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome in endothelial cells (ECs). (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - July 30, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Xiong Jia, Xiangli Bai, Xiaoyan Yang, Ling Wang, Yajing Lu, Lin Zhu, Ying Zhao, Wenzhuo Cheng, Meng Shu, Qiyong Mei, Si Jin Source Type: research

Dissecting causal relationships between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease proxied by chronically elevated alanine transaminase levels and 34 extrahepatic diseases
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is prevalent worldwide and is associated with the risk of many extrahepatic diseases. However, whether NAFLD is a risk marker or a common cause of extrahepatic diseases is unclear. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - July 29, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Zhenqiu Liu, Chen Suo, Hong Fan, Tiejun Zhang, Li Jin, Xingdong Chen Source Type: research

S100a16 deficiency prevents hepatic stellate cells activation and liver fibrosis via inhibiting CXCR4 expression
This study aimed to investigate whether S100A16 induces HSC activation and participates in liver fibrosis progression. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - July 29, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Wen-Song Zhang, Rihua Zhang, Yaoqi Ge, Dan Wang, Yifang Hu, Xiaoxuan Qin, Jingbao Kan, Yun Liu Source Type: research

Androgen receptor functions in pericentral hepatocytes to decrease gluconeogenesis and avoid hyperglycemia and obesity in male mice
This study aims to investigate if hepatic AR acts on metabolism, the major liver function, using a hepatic-specific AR-transgenic (H-ARTG) mouse model. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - July 28, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Kai-Wei Chen, Yu-Shan Chen, Pei-Jer Chen, Shiou-Hwei Yeh Source Type: research

CX3CL1/CX3CR1 interaction protects against lipotoxicity-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis by regulating macrophage migration and M1/M2 status
Chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1) and its receptor CX3CR1 regulate the migration and activation of immune cells and are involved in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), but the mechanism remains elusive. Here, the roles of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 in the macrophage migration and polarization in the livers of NASH mice were investigated. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - July 28, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yinhua Ni, Fen Zhuge, Liyang Ni, Naoto Nagata, Tatsuya Yamashita, Naofumi Mukaida, Shuichi Kaneko, Tsuguhito Ota, Mayumi Nagashimada Source Type: research

Exercise timing influences multi-tissue metabolome and skeletal muscle proteome profiles in type 2 diabetic patients – A randomized crossover trial
Metabolic effects of exercise may partly depend on the time-of-day when exercise is performed. We tested the hypothesis that exercise timing affects the adaptations in multi-tissue metabolome and skeletal muscle proteome profiles in men with type 2 diabetes. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - July 28, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Mladen Savikj, Ben Stocks, Shogo Sato, Kenneth Caidahl, Anna Krook, Atul S. Desmukh, Juleen R. Zierath, Harriet Wallberg-Henriksson Source Type: research

Cross-talk between SARS-CoV-2 infection and the insulin/IGF signaling pathway: implications for metabolic diseases in COVID-19 and for post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection
The pandemic of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a devastating impact on humanity. SARS-CoV-2 infection affects the function of several human tissues including metabolically active and endocrine tissues to induce several metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance and diabetes [1 –4]. However, the mechanisms underlying how SARS-CoV-2 induces metabolic disease remain to be fully elucidated. In a study published in Metabolism, Shin et al showed that SARS-CoV-2 infection impairs insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF)/insulin...
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - July 25, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Theodoros Kelesidis, Christos S. Mantzoros Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Cytochrome P450 oxidase 2J inhibition suppresses choroidal neovascularization in mice
Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) leads to blindness. It has been widely reported that increased intake of ω−3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) diets reduce CNV. Of the three major pathways metabolizing ω−3 (and ω−6 LCPUFA), the cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways generally produce pro-angiogenic metabolites from ω−6 LCPUFA and anti-angiogenic ones from ω−3 LCPUFA. Howe ver, cytochrome P450 oxidase (CPY) 2C produces pro-angiogenic metabolites from both ω−6 and ω−3 LCPUFA. (Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental)
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - July 19, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Yan Gong, Yohei Tomita, Matthew L. Edin, Anli Ren, Minji Ko, Jay Yang, Edward Bull, Darryl C. Zeldin, Ann Hellstrom, Zhongjie Fu, Lois E.H. Smith Source Type: research

Metabolic effects of truncal vagotomy when combined with bariatric-metabolic surgery
Bariatric-metabolic surgery (BMS) in patients with obesity frequently leads to remission of concurrent type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), even before body weight loss takes place. This is probably based on the correction of a dysmetabolic cycle in the gastrointestinal physiology of T2DM that includes increased vagus-dependent exocrine pancreatic secretion (EPS) and, hence, amplified digestion and nutrient absorption. The resultant chronic exposure of tissues to high plasma levels of glucose, fatty acids and amino acids causes tissue resistance to the actions of insulin and, at a later stage, β-cell dysfunction and reduction...
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - July 10, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Athena N. Kapralou, George P. Chrousos Source Type: research

PCSK9 and ANGPTL3 levels correlate with hyperlipidemia in HIV-lipoatrophy, are regulated by fasting and are not affected by leptin administered in physiologic or pharmacologic doses
Medications leveraging the leptin, PCSK9, ANGPTL3 and FABP4 pathways are being developed for the treatment of insulin resistance and/or lipid disorders. To evaluate whether these pathways are independent from each other, we assessed the levels of PCSK9, ANGPTL3 and FABP4, in normal subjects and subjects exhibiting HIV and highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) induced metabolic syndrome with lipoatrophy and hypoleptinemia. Studies were performed at baseline and during food deprivation for three days with either a placebo or leptin administration at physiological replacement doses to correct fasting induced acute hypo...
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - July 9, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Eirini Bouzoni, Nikolaos Perakakis, Margery A. Connelly, Angeliki M. Angelidi, Eleni Pilitsi, Olivia Farr, Konstantinos Stefanakis, Christos S. Mantzoros Source Type: research

Comprehensive molecular mechanisms and clinical therapy in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: An overview and current perspectives
Our understanding of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) pathophysiology continues to advance rapidly. Given the complexity of the pathogenesis of NASH, the field has moved from describing the single pathogenesis of NASH to deeply phenotyping with a description of the multi-mechanism and multi-target pathogenesis that includes glucose, lipid and cholesterol metabolism, fibrotic progression, inflammation, immune reaction and apoptosis. To make the picture more complex, the pathogenesis of NASH involves pathological connections between the liver and several organs such as the adipose, pancreas, kidney and gut. (Source: Metab...
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - July 7, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Mengyao Yan, Shuli Man, Long Ma, Wenyuan Gao Tags: Review Source Type: research

Insights on the molecular targets of cardiotoxicity induced by anticancer drugs: A systematic review based on proteomic findings
Several anticancer agents have been associated with cardiac toxic effects. The currently proposed mechanisms to explain cardiotoxicity differ among anticancer agents, but in fact, the specific modulation is not completely elucidated. Thus, this systematic review aims to provide an integrative perspective of the molecular mechanisms underlying the toxicity of anticancer agents on heart muscle while using a high-throughput technology, mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics. A literature search using PubMed database led to the selection of 27 studies, of which 13 reported results exclusively on animal models, 13 on cardiomyo...
Source: Metabolism - Clinical and Experimental - July 6, 2022 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Sofia Reis Brand ão, Félix Carvalho, Francisco Amado, Rita Ferreira, Vera Marisa Costa Tags: Review Source Type: research