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Scutellarin prevents acute alcohol-induced liver injury via inhibiting oxidative stress by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and inhibiting inflammation by regulating the AKT, p38 MAPK/NF- κB pathways
AbstractAlcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the most frequent liver disease worldwide, resulting in severe harm to personal health and posing a serious burden to public health. Based on the reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacities of scutellarin (SCU), this study investigated its protective role in male BALB/c mice with acute alcoholic liver injury after oral administration (10, 25, and 50 mg/kg). The results indicated that SCU could lessen serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and improve the histopathological changes in acute alcoholic liver; it reduced alcohol-induced...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - March 24, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

A novel ameliorated rat model of reversible obstructive jaundice
概要现有的可逆性梗阻性黄疸动物模型存在许多缺陷，严重限制了其应用。一个简单、可靠的可逆性梗阻性黄疸动物模型值得进一步研究和探索。本研究利用改良式胆管结扎代替传统胆管结扎构建SD大鼠梗阻性黄疸模型，并基于改良式胆管结扎成功构建可逆性梗阻性黄疸模型。并通过肝功能、苏木精-伊红（HE）染色、Masson染色及天狼星红染色研究证实了胆道复通的有效性。进一步研究发现胆道复通7天后胆管细胞增殖和肝纤维化明显减轻，但其组织学病变尚未完全恢复正常�...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - March 24, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Estrogen upregulates DNA2 expression through the PI3K-AKT pathway in endometrial carcinoma
概要子宫内膜癌是最常见的子宫癌类型,占子宫癌病例的90%。本文通过临床研究,检测子宫内膜癌患者标本中雌激素受体（ER）和DNA复制ATP依赖性解旋酶/核酸酶（DNA2）的表达,并分析两者之间的关系。通过细胞培养实验研究ER调控DNA2表达的机制,证实其与PI3K-AKT通路有关。研究还发现,使用短发夹RNA（shRNA）特异性靶向降低Ishikawa中DNA2的表达,会导致细胞增殖和克隆形成能力降低。总的来说,本研究证实了DNA2作为治疗靶点的可行性,并证明抑制DNA2可使Ishikawa对喜树碱（ CPT）化疗增敏�...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - March 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

AAZ2 induces mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis by targeting PDK1 in gastric cancer
AbstractDrastic surges in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce cell apoptosis, while most chemotherapy drugs lead to the accumulation of ROS. Here, we constructed an organic compound, arsenical Ar-(4-(1,3,2-dithiarsinan-2-yl)phenyl) acrylamide (AAZ2), which could prompt the ROS to trigger mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis in gastric cancer (GC). Mechanistically, by targeting pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1), AAZ2 caused metabolism alteration and the imbalance of redox homeostasis, followed by the inhibition of phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) p...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - March 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

An epipolythiodioxopiperazine alkaloid and diversified aromatic polyketides with cytotoxicity from the Beibu Gulf coral-derived fungus Emericella nidulans GXIMD 02509
概要北部湾藴育着丰富且亟待研究的海洋（微）生物资源,是活性天然产物的重要来源。本研究从涠洲岛珊瑚共附生构巢裸胞壳菌GXIMD 02509中分离获得一个多硫代二酮哌嗪生物碱和系列芳香聚酮类化合物,包含一个新化合物4a-O-methoxyarugosin H (1) 。我们通过采用多种波、光谱学技术及对比文献方法鉴定了化合物的化学结构。化合物1∼5、7和10对786-O、SW1990和SW480等3株肿瘤细胞增殖具抑制活性,半抑制浓度（IC50）值为4.3∼33.4 µmol/L。化合物emestrin J (10) 具有一个二硫桥键,还能够显著抑...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - March 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Aerobic glycolysis in colon cancer is repressed by naringin via the HIF1A pathway
This study helps to elucidate the relationship between colon cancer progression and glucose metabolism, and demonstrates the efficacy of naringin in the treatment of colon cancer. (Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B.)
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - March 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Advances in post-operative prognostic models for hepatocellular carcinoma
AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies and a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Surgery remains the primary and most successful therapy option for the treatment of early- and mid-stage HCCs, but the high heterogeneity of HCC renders prognostic prediction challenging. The construction of relevant prognostic models helps to stratify the prognosis of surgically treated patients and guide personalized clinical decision-making, thereby improving patient survival rates. Currently, the prognostic assessment of HCC is based on several commonly used staging systems, such as Tumor...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - March 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Mental health, health-related quality of life, and lung function after hospital discharge in healthcare workers with severe COVID-19: a cohort study from China
概要本研究旨在报道感染新冠医务人员出院后的健康状况。研究对象来自“中国感染新冠肺炎医务人员康复关怀行动”,在随访中医务人员完成心理健康问卷、健康相关生活质量问卷、肺功能检查和6分钟步行试验。在出院后139.4（127.3 , 150.5）天,23%的重症新冠肺炎医务人员被诊断患有创伤后应激综合征。将不同性别、有无并发症重症新冠肺炎医务人员出院后的恢复情况进行比较发现,应采取主动康复干预措施帮助重症新冠肺炎医务人员加快心理和生理康复,尤其应重点关注男性...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - March 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Vitamin D receptor (VDR) mediates the quiescence of activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs) by regulating M2 macrophage exosomal smooth muscle cell-associated protein 5 (SMAP-5)
In this study, we aim to elucidate the association between VDR and macrophages in HSC activation. The results contribute to our understanding of the pathogenesis mechanism of hepatic fibrosis, and provide potential therapeutic targets for its treatment. (Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B.)
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - March 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Disulfiram enhances the antitumor activity of cisplatin by inhibiting the Fanconi anemia repair pathway
In this study, we aimed to identify marketable drugs that could be potential chemotherapy sensitizers and explore the underlying mechanisms. We found that the alcohol withdrawal drug disulfiram (DSF) could significantly enhance the antitumor activity of DDP. JC-1 staining, propidium iodide (PI) staining, and western blotting confirmed that the combination of DSF and DDP could enhance the apoptosis of tumor cells. Subsequent RNA sequencing combined with Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) pathway enrichment analysis and cell biology studies such as immunofluorescence suggested an underlying mechanism: DSF makes cells more v...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - March 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

USH2A mutation and specific driver mutation subtypes are associated with clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in lung cancer
This study aimed to identify subtypes of genomic variants associated with the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) by conducting systematic literature search in electronic databases up to May 31, 2021. The main outcomes including overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and durable clinical benefit (DCB) were correlated with tumor genomic features. A total of 1546 lung cancer patients with available genomic variation data were included from 14 studies. The Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homologG12C (KRASG12C) mutation combined with tumor protein P53 (TP53) mutati...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - February 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Multiple characteristic alterations and available therapeutic strategies of cellular senescence
AbstractGiven its state of stable proliferative inhibition, cellular senescence is primarily depicted as a critical mechanism by which organisms delay the progression of carcinogenesis. Cells undergoing senescence are often associated with the alteration of a series of specific features and functions, such as metabolic shifts, stemness induction, and microenvironment remodeling. However, recent research has revealed more complexity associated with senescence, including adverse effects on both physiological and pathological processes. How organisms evade these harmful consequences and survive has become an urgent research i...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - February 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Novel perspective in transplantation therapy of mesenchymal stem cells: targeting the ferroptosis pathway
AbstractEx vivo culture-amplified mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been studied because of their capacity for healing tissue injury. MSC transplantation is a valid approach for promoting the repair of damaged tissues and replacement of lost cells or to safeguard surviving cells, but currently the efficiency of MSC transplantation is constrained by the extensive loss of MSCs during the short post-transplantation period. Hence, strategies to increase the efficacy of MSC treatment are urgently needed. Iron overload, reactive oxygen species deposition, and decreased antioxidant capacity suppress the proliferation and regener...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - February 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

AIFM1 variants associated with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder cause apoptosis due to impaired apoptosis-inducing factor dimerization
AbstractAuditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) represents a variety of sensorineural deafness conditions characterized by abnormal inner hair cells and/or auditory nerve function, but with the preservation of outer hair cell function. ANSD represents up to 15% of individuals with hearing impairments. Through mutation screening, bioinformatic analysis and expression studies, we have previously identified several apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) mitochondria-associated 1 (AIFM1) variants in ANSD families and in some other sporadic cases. Here, to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms underlying eachAIFM1 variant, we gener...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - February 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Chinese consensus guidelines for therapeutic drug monitoring of polymyxin B, endorsed by the Infection and Chemotherapy Committee of the Shanghai Medical Association and the Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Committee of the Chinese Pharmacological Society
We report a consensus on TDM guidelines for polymyxin B, as endorsed by the Infection and Chemotherapy Committee of the Shanghai Medical Association and the Therapeutic Drug Monitoring Committee of the Chinese Pharmacological Society. The consensus panel was composed of clinicians, pharmacists, and microbiologists from different provinces in China and Australia who made recommendations regarding target concentrations, sample collection, reporting, and explanation of TDM results. The guidelines provide the first-ever consensus on conducting TDM of polymyxin B, and are intended to guide optimal clinical use. (Source: Journal...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - February 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research