Genetic resources and precise gene editing for targeted improvement of barley abiotic stress tolerance
AbstractAbiotic stresses, predominately drought, heat, salinity, cold, and waterlogging, adversely affect cereal crops. They limit barley production worldwide and cause huge economic losses. In barley, functional genes under various stresses have been identified over the years and genetic improvement to stress tolerance has taken a new turn with the introduction of modern gene-editing platforms. In particular, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) is a robust and versatile tool for precise mutation creation and trait improvement. In this review, we highlight t...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - July 3, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Tea tree oil, a vibrant source of neuroprotection via neuroinflammation inhibition: a critical insight into repurposing Melaleuca alternifolia by unfolding its characteristics
AbstractOver the past few decades, complementary and alternative treatments have become increasingly popular worldwide. The purported therapeutic characteristics of natural products have come under increased scrutiny both in vitro and in vivo as part of efforts to legitimize their usage. One such product is tea tree oil (TTO), a volatile essential oil primarily obtained from the native Australian plant,Melaleuca alternifolia, which has diverse traditional and industrial applications such as topical preparations for the treatment of skin infections. Its anti-inflammatory-linked immunomodulatory actions have also been report...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - July 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Special issue: molecular nutrition and chronic diseases
摘要分子营养学是营养科学领域的热门研究方向之一, 旨在从细胞和分子水平揭示营养素或食品活性成分作用于机体的分子机理. 本专辑旨在展现分子营养与慢性疾病领域的最新研究进展, 推动相关新理论、 新机制和新成果的交流, 重 点突出食品功能因子对慢性疾病的干预作用及其分子机制. 通过了解食品活性成分改善慢性疾病的分子机理, 可为膳食建议、 功能食品开发和个性化精准营养策略的研究提供科学依据. (Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B.)
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - July 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Andrographolide protects against atrial fibrillation by alleviating oxidative stress injury and promoting impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics
In conclusions, this study revealed that Andr is a potential preventive therapeutic drug toward AF via activating the translocation of Nrf2 to the nucleus and the upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) to promote mitochondrial bioenergetics. (Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B.)
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - July 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Polysaccharide isolated from wax apple suppresses ethyl carbamate-induced oxidative damage in human hepatocytes
In this study, wax apple polysaccharide (WAP) was isolated from this plant and its protective effect against ethyl carbamate (EC)-induced oxidative damage was evaluated in human hepatocytes (L02 cells). Firstly, a series of analyses such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), high-performance gel permeation chromatography (HPGPC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and1H and13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) were conducted to identify the structure of WAP. Thereafter, in vitro cell experiments were performed to verify the protective effects of WAP aga...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - July 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Modulating effects of Astragalus polysaccharide on immune disorders via gut microbiota and the TLR4/NF- κB pathway in rats with syndrome of dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency
This study provides an insight into the function of APS as a unique potential prebiotic through exerting systemic activities in treating DSSD. (Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B.)
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - July 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome by ivermectin ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis
This study aimed to explore the ability of ivermectin (0.6 mg/kg) to alleviate bleomycin-induced biochemical derangements and histological changes in an experimental PF rat model. This can provide the means to validate the clinical utility of ivermectin as a treatment option for idiopathic PF. The results showed that ivermectin mitigated the bleomycin-evoked pulmonary injury, as manifested by the reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells, as well as decreased the inflammation and fibrosis scores. Intriguingly, ivermectin decreased collagen fiber deposition and suppressed transforming growth factor- β1 (TGF-β1) and fibro...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - July 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Construction and evaluation of in-house methylation-sensitive SNaPshot system and three classification prediction models for identifying the tissue origin of body fluid
In conclusion, the in-house SNaPshot system and RF prediction model could achieve accurate tissue origin identification of body fluids. (Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B.)
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - June 27, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Transportation of citrinin is regulated by the CtnC gene in the medicinal fungus Monascus purpureus
摘要药食两用真菌红曲霉转运真菌毒素桔霉素的途径目前尚不清楚. 本文通过CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑和过表达, 分析了紫色红曲霉中一个假定的主要协同转运蛋白超家族(MFS)基因CtnC, 证实了CtnC参与桔霉素的外排以及抑制菌丝体中桔霉素的积累, 但CtnC蛋白不是唯一通道. 同时, 本研究结果发现CtnC过表达会负调控桔霉素合成相关基因(CtnD、CtnE、CtnF和pksCT) 的表达. 综上, 本研究发现的红曲霉中桔霉素转运体基因为真菌毒素的防控策略研究提供了新的依据. (Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B.)
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - June 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Nanosilver alleviates foreign body reaction and facilitates wound repair by regulating macrophage polarization
In conclusion, dermal scaffolds containing NAg suppressed the foreign body reaction by regulating macrophages and the expression of inflammatory cytokines, thereby promoting wound healing. (Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B.)
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - June 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Inflammatory granuloma of the trachea: a rare case with Epstin-Barr virus infection
摘要EB 病毒是人类疱疹病毒4型(EBV), 其感染可导致不常见的并发症. 本文报道的患者气道中出现了与EBV感染相关的炎症性肉芽肿, 入院后紧急接受了气管内肿物切除术. 他的气道组织经宏基因组下一代测序(mNGS)测试后, 被确认为EB病毒感染 . 在术后第30天, 患者接受支气管镜复查时发现声门下方气管壁上出现多个结节性粘膜隆起, 且其病理学检查结果发现炎性肉芽组织. 因此, 推测患者气道内出现的肉芽肿组织可能是由于EB病毒慢性感染导致的. 虽然类似的肉芽肿在其 他组织中的产...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - June 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Engineered Bacillus subtilis alleviates intestinal oxidative injury through Nrf2-Keap1 pathway in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) K88-infected piglet
In this study, we built the recombinantBacillus subtilis WB800 expressing antimicrobial peptide KR32 (WB800-KR32) using genetic engineering methods and investigated its protective effects of nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) pathway activation in intestinal oxidative disturbance induced by enterotoxigenicEscherichia coli (ETEC) K88 in weaned piglets. Twenty-eight weaned piglets were randomly distributed into four treatment groups with seven replicates fed with a basal diet. The feed of the control group (CON) was infused with normal sterilized saline; meanwhile, the ETEC,...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - June 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) attenuates tacrolimus-induced hepatic lipid accumulation through transcription factor EB (TFEB)-regulated lipophagy
AbstractTacrolimus (TAC), also called FK506, is one of the classical immunosuppressants to prevent allograft rejection after liver transplantation. However, it has been proved to be associated with post-transplant hyperlipemia. The mechanism behind this is unknown, and it is urgent to explore preventive strategies for hyperlipemia after transplantation. Therefore, we established a hyperlipemia mouse model to investigate the mechanism, by injecting TAC intraperitoneally for eight weeks. After TAC treatment, the mice developed hyperlipemia (manifested as elevated triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - June 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Evolution of the newest diagnostic methods for COVID-19: a Chinese perspective
AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has continued to spread globally since late 2019, representing a formidable challenge to the world ’s healthcare systems, wreaking havoc, and spreading rapidly through human contact. With fever, fatigue, and a persistent dry cough being the hallmark symptoms, this disease threatened to destabilize the delicate balance of our global community. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of COVID-19 is a prereq uisite for understanding the number of confirmed cases in the world or a region, and an important factor in epidemic assessment and the development of control measures. It also plays a c...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - June 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research

Cerebral ischemic injury after transcatheter aortic valve replacement in patients with pure aortic regurgitation
摘要目的本研究旨在比较重度主动脉瓣狭窄(AS)和单纯主动脉瓣反流(AR)患者接受经导管主动脉瓣置换术(TAVR)后发生脑损伤的风险.方法回顾性分析287例AS和65例单纯AR接受TAVR的患者. 患者在TAVR术前和术后3天进行头颅磁共振检查.结果本研究中57.7%为男性; 单纯AR患者年龄较小(71岁vs.74岁;P=0.001), 美国心胸外科医师协会评分较低(2.39 vs. 3.89;P<0.001); 3.1% 的患者在出院前发生了症状性脑卒中; 单纯AR组脑损伤病灶发生率(83.1% vs. 85.0%;P=0.695), 病灶数(3.0 (1.5‒7.5) vs. 3.0 (1.0‒8.0);P=0.928) 和总体...
Source: Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B. - June 1, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: research