Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology 
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This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.Involvement of Interferon Regulatory Factor 7 in Nicotine ’s Suppression of Antiviral Immune Responses
AbstractNicotine, the active ingredient in tobacco smoke, suppresses antiviral responses. Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) regulate transcription of type I interferons (IFNs) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) in this response. IRF7 is a key member of the IRF family. Expression ofIrf7 is elevated in the brains of virus-infected animals, including human immunodeficiency virus-1 transgenic (HIV-1Tg) rats. We hypothesized that IRF7 affects nicotine ’s modulation of antiviral responses. Using CRISPR/Cas9 system,IRF7-mutant cell lines were created from human embryonic kidney 293FT cells in which 16 nicotinic acetylcholine re...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - May 31, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Cinnamon and its Metabolite Protect the Nigrostriatum in a Mouse Model of Parkinson ’s Disease Via Astrocytic GDNF
This study underlines the importance of sodium benzoate (NaB), a metabolite of commonly-used spice cinnamon, a food-additive and an FDA-approved drug against hyperammonemia, in stimulating GDNF in primary mouse and human astrocytes. Presence of cAMP response element (CRE) in theGdnf gene promoter, recruitment of CREB to theGdnf promoter by NaB and abrogation of NaB-mediated GDNF expression by siRNA knockdown of CREB suggest that NaB induces the transcription ofGdnf via CREB. Finally, oral administration of NaB and cinnamon itself increased the level of GDNF in vivo in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) of normal as ...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - May 21, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
In a Model of Neuroinflammation Designed to Mimic Delirium, Quetiapine Reduces Cortisol Secretion and Preserves Reversal Learning in the Attentional Set Shifting Task
AbstractQuetiapine, an atypical antipsychotic medication has lacked pre-clinical validation for its purported benefits in the treatment of delirium. This laboratory investigation examined the effects of quetiapine on the attentional set shifting task (ASST), a measure of cognitive flexibility and executive functioning, in a rodent model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) mediated neuroinflammation. 19 Sprague Dawley female rats were randomly selected to receive intraperitoneal placebo (N = 5), LPS and placebo (N = 7) or LPS and quetiapine (n = 7) and performed the ASST. We measured trials to criterion, errors, non-loc...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - May 21, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Where Is Dopamine and how do Immune Cells See it?: Dopamine-Mediated Immune Cell Function in Health and Disease
AbstractDopamine is well recognized as a neurotransmitter in the brain, and regulates critical functions in a variety of peripheral systems. Growing research has also shown that dopamine acts as an important regulator of immune function. Many immune cells express dopamine receptors and other dopamine related proteins, enabling them to actively respond to dopamine and suggesting that dopaminergic immunoregulation is an important part of proper immune function. A detailed understanding of the physiological concentrations of dopamine in specific regions of the human body, particularly in peripheral systems, is critical to the...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - May 10, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Proteomic Profiling of Exosomes Derived from Plasma of HIV-Infected Alcohol Drinkers and Cigarette Smokers
This study presents a proteomic analysis of plasma-derived exosomes from HIV-infected alcohol drinkers and smokers. Among the proteins altered due to drug-abuse, hemopexin and properdin were of highest significance. These proteins can be potential biomarkers for co-morbid conditions associated with drug abuse in HIV-patients. (Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology)
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - May 7, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
FTY720 Inhibits MPP + -Induced Microglial Activation by Affecting NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation
In conclusion, FTY720 may reduce PD progression by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation via its effects on ROS generation and p65 activation in microglia. These findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of FTY720, suggesting its potential as a novel therapeutic strategy against PD.Graphical AbstractFTY720 may reduce ROS production by inhibiting the PI3K/AKT/GSK-3 β signaling pathway, while at the same time reducing p65 phosphorylation, thus decreasing NLRP3 inflammasome activation through these two pathways, ultimately reducing microglia activation-induced neuronal damage. ...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - May 7, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Toll-Like Receptor 4 Promotes Th17 Lymphocyte Infiltration Via CCL25/CCR9 in Pathogenesis of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
AbstractToll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a key component in innate immunity and has been linked to central nervous system (CNS) inflammation diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), an inflammatory disorder induced by autoreactive Th17 cells. In our study, we found that TLR4 deficient (TLR4−/−) mice were inadequate to induce experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), characterized by low clinic score and weight loss, alleviative demyelinating, as well as decreased inflammatory cell infiltration in the spinal cord. In the lesion area of EAE mice, loss of TLR4 down-regulated the secretion of inflammatory cytokines ...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - May 7, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Dopaminergic Agents in Rheumatoid Arthritis
AbstractClinical evidences suggest a causal relationship between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the dopaminergic system, and several studies described an alteration of the disease in patients treated with dopaminergic agents. Despite these interesting results, potential direct effects of dopamine on RA have not been intensively considered until the last decade. Recent studies confirm a direct effect of dopamine on the systemic immune response as well as on bone remodeling and on joint inflammation, both in humans and in different animal models of arthritis. While more research is necessary to accurately determine the effect...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - April 22, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Dopaminergic Therapeutics in Multiple Sclerosis: Focus on Th17-Cell Functions
AbstractMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with an autoimmune mechanism of development. Currently, one of the most promising directions in the study of MS pathogenesis are the neuroimmune interactions. Dopamine is one of the key neurotransmitters in CNS. Furthermore, dopamine is a direct mediator of interactions between the immune and nervous systems and can influence MS pathogenesis by modulating immune cells activity and cytokine production. Recent studies have shown that dopamine can enhance or inhibit the functions of innate and adaptive immune sy...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - April 22, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Next Generation Precision Medicine: CRISPR-mediated Genome Editing for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disorders
AbstractDespite significant advancements in the field of molecular neurobiology especially neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, the highly complex molecular mechanisms underlying neurodegenerative diseases remain elusive. As a result, the development of the next generation neurotherapeutics has experienced a considerable lag phase. Recent advancements in the field of genome editing offer a new template for dissecting the precise molecular pathways underlying the complex neurodegenerative disorders. We believe that the innovative genome and transcriptome editing strategies offer an excellent opportunity to decipher nove...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - April 22, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Extracellular Vesicles: Intercellular Mediators in Alcohol-Induced Pathologies
AbstractThough alcoholic liver injury plays the primary role in direct alcohol-related morbidity, alcohol consumption is also interlinked with many other diseases in extra-hepatic tissues/organs. The mechanism of alcoholic tissue injury is well documented, however the mechanisms that affect extra-hepatic tissues have not yet been well defined. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) such as exosomes and microvesicles, have been identified as key components of alcohol-induced extra-hepatic effects. We have reviewed the recent findings on the potential impact of alcohol-modified EVs/exosomes production and their downstream effects on e...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - April 5, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Resveratrol (3, 5, 4 ′-Trihydroxy- trans- Stilbene) Attenuates a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis by Altering the miR-124/Sphingosine Kinase 1 Axis in Encephalitogenic T Cells in the Brain
AbstractResveratrol (3,5,4 ′-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene) (RES) is a naturally-derived phytoestrogen found in the skins of red grapes and berries and has potential as a novel and effective therapeutic agent. In the current study, we investigated the role of microRNA (miRNA) in RES-mediated attenuation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a murine model of multiple sclerosis. Administration of RES effectively decreased disease severity, including inflammation and central nervous system immune cell infiltration. miRNA microarray analysis revealed an altered miRNA profile in encephalitogenic CD4+ T cells from E...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - April 1, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
The 25th Scientific Conference of the Society on Neuroimmune Pharmacology: Program and Abstracts
(Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology)
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - March 24, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Chronic Intrahippocampal Infusion of HIV-1 Neurotoxic Proteins: A Novel Mouse Model of HIV-1 Associated Inflammation and Neural Stem Cell Dysfunction
AbstractHIV-1 infection causes chronic neuroinflammation resulting in cognitive decline associated with diminution of survival of neural stem cells (NSC). In part, this is attributable to production of toxic viral proteins (gp120 and tat) by infected cells in the brain that can activate microglia. Here, we evaluated a novel model for HIV-1 neuropathogenesis by direct administration of viral proteins into the hippocampus. Chronic administration of either HIV-1 gp120 or tat over 14 days significantly decreased NSC proliferation, survival and neuroblast formation (by 32–37%) within the hippocampal subgranular zone as dete...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - March 22, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Utilization of the CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing System to Dissect Neuroinflammatory and Neuropharmacological Mechanisms in Parkinson ’s Disease
AbstractChronic and debilitating neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson ’s disease (PD), impose an immense medical, emotional, and economic burden on patients and society. Due to a complex interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors, the etiology of PD remains elusive. However, the cumulative evidence emerging from clinical and experimental research ove r the last several decades has identified mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and dysregulated protein degradation as the main drivers of PD neurodegeneration. The genome-editing system CRISPR (clustered regularly interspa...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - March 15, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
