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Social Environment Ameliorates Behavioral and Immune Impairments in Tyrosine Hydroxylase Haploinsufficient Female Mice
AbstractThe social environment can influence the functional capacity of nervous and immune systems, and consequently the state of health, especially in aged individuals. Adult female tyrosine hydroxylase haploinsufficient (TH-HZ) mice exhibit behavioral impairments, premature immunosenescence and oxidative- inflammatory stress. All these deteriorations are associated with a lower lifespan than wild type (WT) counterparts. The aim was to analyze whether the cohabitation with WT animals could revert or at least ameliorate the deterioration in the nervous and immune systems that female TH-HZ mice show at adult age. Female TH-...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - August 8, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Stress Enhances Proinflammatory Platelet Activity: the Impact of Acute and Chronic Mental Stress
In conclusion, mental stress is linked to an increased and prolonged proinflammatory platelet bioactivity. This proinflammatory and immunomodulatory stimuli could help to explain the link between mental and somatic disorders .Graphical Abstract (Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology)
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - August 4, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

JNIP Impact Factor Rise Is a Final Tribute to the Years of Impactful Service Made by our Managing Editor
(Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology)
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - August 2, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Lipid Profile Alterations during Fingolimod Treatment in Multiple Sclerosis Patients
AbstractFingolimod reduces inflammatory activity in multiple sclerosis (MS) by acting as a functional antagonist of sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptors. It has been suggested that S1P might also contribute to the antiatherogenic effect of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). We conducted a retrospective observational study using data of 72 MS patients from two Finnish hospital districts to find out whether lipid profiles change during treatment with fingolimod. A mixed-effects model with patient as a random effect was used to analyze lipid profile alterations. We found a statistically significant elevation in both total cho...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - July 28, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Correction to: HIV Infection and Neurocognitive Disorders in the Context of Chronic Drug Abuse: Evidence for Divergent Findings Dependent upon Prior Drug History
Corrected sentence inInteractions between the Effects of Drug Use and HIV-1 Infection Leads to Accelerated Disease Progression:“White matter damage (Tang et al. 2015; Alakkas et al. 2019), mitochondrial dysfunction (Buch et al. 2011), and iron dysregulation (Drakesmith et al. 2005; Ersche et al. 2017) occur with cocaine use and have also been associated with HIV infection and HAND; these processes may therefore be promisi ng targets for treatment development.” (Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology)
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - July 27, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Extracellular Vesicles in HIV, Drug Abuse, and Drug Delivery
AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are known to perform important biological functions and have been implicated in multiple disease pathogeneses, including HIV and drugs of abuse. EVs can carry biological molecules via biofluids such as plasma and cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) from healthy or disease organs to distant organs and deliver biomolecules to recipient cells that subsequently alter the physiology of the recipient organs. As biocarriers, EVs have the potential to be developed as non-invasive biomarkers for disease pathogenesis and drug abuse, as the level of specific EV components can be altered under disease/drug ...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - July 21, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The Natural History, Pathobiology, and Clinical Manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 Infections
AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2, is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus with epithelial cell and respiratory system proclivity. Like its predecessor, SARS-CoV, COVID-19 can lead to life-threatening disease. Due to wide geographic impact affecting an extremely high proportion of the world population it was defined by the World Health Organization as a global public health pandemic. The infection is known to readily spread from person-to-person. This occurs through liquid droplets by cough, sneeze, hand-to-...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - July 20, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Hydrogen Sulfide Reverses LPS-Induced Behavioral Deficits by Suppressing Microglial Activation and Promoting M2 Polarization
AbstractActivation of microglia is a  hallmark of neuroinflammation and has been implicated in the development of many psychiatric disorders. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S); a gasotransmitter has recently emerged as a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecule. However, the protective potential of H2S  and its underpin molecular mechanisms in neuroinflammation associated behavioral deficits are still unknown. The present study has been designed to investigate the effect of sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS; a source of H2S) on microglial activation and associated behavior phenotype in response to lipopolysaccharide (LP...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - July 15, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

The Potent PDE10A Inhibitor MP-10 (PF-2545920) Suppresses Microglial Activation in LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation and MPTP-Induced Parkinson ’s Disease Mouse Models
In this study, we examined the effect of MP-10 in neuroinflammation and PD mouse models. MP-10 inhibited nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin (IL)-6 production, while it prom oted IL-10 production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV2 microglial cells. Subsequent western blot and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses showed that MP-10 reduced the mRNA and protein levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, proinflammatory cytokine s, and matrix metalloproteinase-3, −8, and − 9 in LPS-stimulated BV2 cells. Further mechanistic studies revealed that MP-10 ...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - July 14, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation Affects Plasma Corticosterone Concentration and Peripheral Immunity Changes in Rat Model of Parkinson ’s Disease
In this study, we examined the effects of unilateral DBS-STN applied in male Wistar rats wit h 6-hydroxydopamine PD model (DBS-6OHDA) and rats without nigral dopamine depletion (DBS) on corticosterone (CORT) plasma concentration, blood natural killer cell cytotoxicity (NKCC), leukocyte numbers, lymphocyte population and apoptosis numbers, plasma interferon gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin 6 (IL- 6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) concentration. The same peripheral immune parameters we measured also in non-stimulated rats with PD model (6OHDA). We observed peripheral immunity changes related to PD model. The NKCC and percent...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - July 8, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Effects of HIV gp120 on Neuroinflammation in Immunodeficient vs. Immunocompetent States
In this study, we examined the effects of gp120 on neuroinflammation in immunodeficient vs. immunocompetent states by examining neuroinflammatory markers in gp120tg mice wi th or without systemic immunodeficiency caused by murine retroviral administration (LP-BM5 murine AIDS). Changes in inflammatory cytokine/chemokine mRNA expression was complex and dependent upon expression of gp120 protein, immunodeficiency status, brain region (hippocampus, frontal lobe, or striatu m), and age. Gp120 expression reduced hippocampal synaptophysin expression but did not affect animals’ learning/memory on the spontaneous T-maze test in o...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - July 5, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Endocrine Dysfunction Following Stroke
In conclusions, stroke survivors have an approximately 2-fold increased risk of developing acquired hypothyroidism, pituitary dysfunction, or disorders of the adrenal glands. These ris ks should be taken into account in the management of patients who have ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes.Graphical Abstract (Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology)
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - July 2, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Apigenin Modulates Dendritic Cell Activities and Curbs Inflammation Via RelB Inhibition in the Context of Neuroinflammatory Diseases
AbstractNeuroinflammation leads to tissue injury causing many of the clinical symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis, an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). While T cells, specifically Th1 and Th17 cells, are the ultimate effectors of this disease, dendritic cells (DCs) mediate T cell polarization, activation, etc. In our previous study, Apigenin, a natural flavonoid, has been shown to reduce EAE disease severity through amelioration of demyelination in the CNS as well as the sequestering of DCs and other myeloid cells in the periphery. Here, we show that Apigenin exerts its effects possibly through shifting D...
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - June 29, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Does Adding of Hydroxychloroquine to the Standard Care Provide any Benefit in Reducing the Mortality among COVID-19 Patients?: a Systematic Review
(Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology)
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - June 29, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Clomipramine Could Be Useful in Preventing Neurological Complications of SARS-CoV-2 Infection
(Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology)
Source: Journal of NeuroImmune Pharmacology - June 28, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research