Control of Fusarium and nematodes by entomopathogenic fungi for organic production of Zingiber officinale
In this study, we explored the possibility of non-entomopathogenic effects of EPFBeauveria bassiana andCordyceps fumosorosea on ginger plants (Zingiber officinale) via antagonism withFusarium oxysporum or the parasitic nematodeMeloidogyne incognita. The two EPF negatively affected the growth ofF. oxysporum and survival ofM. incognita in vitro. The application of EPF did not have any negative effect on the growth of ginger plants. Soil chemical properties were not different between the plots with or without EPF application, while the diversity of soil bacteria was observed to increase on application of EPF. At leastC. fumos...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - October 5, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Effects of Gentiopicroside on activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in acute gouty arthritis mice induced by MSU
In conclusion, this study provides an experimental basis for the application of GPS and expands the potential value of GPS in the therapy of acute gouty arthritis. (Source: Journal of Natural Medicines)
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - September 29, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
In vitro virucidal activity of the theaflavin-concentrated tea extract TY-1 against influenza A virus
We examined the IAV-inactivating potential of theaflavin-concentrated tea extract TY-1, which contains abundant polyphenols, including concentrated theaflavins and catechins. TY-1 exhibited concentration- and time-dependent virucidal activity against IAV. Specifically, 5.0 mg/mL TY-1 induced a 1.33 and ≥ 5.17 log10 50% tissue culture infective dose/mL reduction of the viral titer compared with dextrin as the diluent control within 30 min and 6 h reaction time, respectively. The high virucidal activity of TY-1 was attributed to the combined additive activities of multiple virucidal components, including theaflavi...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - September 22, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Cliniatines A –C, new Amaryllidaceae alkaloids from Clivia miniata, inhibiting Acetylcholinesterase
AbstractCliniatines A –C (1–3), three new Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, consisting of 2,6-dimetylpyridine and lycorine-type and/or galanthamine-type were isolated fromClivia miniata (Lindl.) Bosse. The structures and absolute configurations of1–3 were elucidated based on spectroscopic data and chemical correlation. Cliniatines A –C showed moderate inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase.Graphic abstract (Source: Journal of Natural Medicines)
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - September 22, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Phenylpropanoid-conjugated iridoid glucosides from leaves of Morinda morindoides
AbstractThree phenylpropanoid-conjugated iridoid glucosides, acetylgaertneric acid (1), acetyldehydrogaertneroside (2), and dehydrogaertneric acid (10), together with nine known related iridoid glucosides (3–9,11, and12), two coumaroyl alkaloids, one benzenoid, and three flavonoid glucosides were isolated from leaves ofMorinda morindoides (Rubiaceae). Structures of these isolated compounds were determined using spectroscopic analysis. Compounds1–18 and previously isolated compounds (19–29) were evaluated for anti-trypanosomal activity againstTrypanosoma cruzi Tulahuen strain (trypomastigote and amastigote) together w...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - September 17, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Anti-trypanosomal screening of Salvadoran flora
This study aimed to screen the anti-trypanosomal activity of plant species from Salvadoran flora. Plants were selected through literature search for plants ethnobotanically used for antiparasitic and Chagas disease symptomatology, and reported in Museo de Historia Natural de El Salvador (MUHNES) database.T. cruzi was incubated for 72 h with 2 different concentrations of methanolic extracts of 38 species, among which four species,Piper jacquemontianum,Piper lacunosum,Trichilia havanensis, andPeperomia pseudopereskiifolia, showed the activity ( ≤ 52.0% viability) at 100 µg/mL. Separation of the methanolic extract of ...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - September 16, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Diversity of Adenostemma lavenia, multi-potential herbs, and its kaurenoic acid composition between Japan and Taiwan
AbstractAdenostemma lavenia (L.) Kuntze (Asteraceae) is widely distributed in tropical regions of East Asia, and bothA. lavenia andA. madurense (DC) are distributed in Japan. In China and Taiwan,A. lavenia is used as a folk medicine for treating lung congestion, pneumonia, and hepatitis. However, neither phylogenic nor biochemical analysis of this plants has been performed to date. We have reported that the aqueous extract of JapaneseA. lavenia contained high levels ofent-11 α-hydroxy-15-oxo-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (11αOH-KA; a kaurenoic acid), which is a potent anti-melanogenic compound. Comparison of chloroplast DNA seq...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - September 12, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Celastrol attenuates chronic constrictive injury-induced neuropathic pain and inhibits the TLR4/NF- κB signaling pathway in the spinal cord
AbstractTripterygium wilfordii Hook F. is a well-known but poisonous traditional Chinese medicine used for treating a wide variety of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders. Celastrol, a quinone methyl triterpenoid compound and a representative component ofT. wilfordii Hook F., shows a variety of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities. Here, we investigated the antineuropathic pain (NP) effect of celastrol and its potential mechanisms. Rats with chronic constrictive injury (CCI)-induced NP were used to evaluate the analgesic effect of celastrol. Gabapentin was used as a reference comp...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - September 12, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Orengedokuto exerts anti-allergic effects via inhibition of effector T cell activation in a murine model of contact hypersensitivity
In conclusion, our finding suggests that OGT exerts anti-allergic effects by regulating the activation of effecto r T cells involved in inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis. (Source: Journal of Natural Medicines)
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - September 12, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Genetic analysis of Curcuma species from Asia based on intron regions of genes encoding diketide-CoA synthase and curcumin synthase
AbstractIntron length polymorphism (ILP) markers in genes encoding diketide-CoA synthase (DCS) and curcumin synthase (CURS) showed high identification rates in 13Curcuma species from Asia. However, the sequences of the intron regions have not yet been analyzed. To elucidate the sequence differences in intron regions of theDCS andCURS genes and to search for specific sequences suitable for the identification ofCurcuma species, a large number of sequences were determined through subcloning coupled with sequencing analysis of sixCurcuma plant specimens belonging to five species that showed distinct ILP patterns. More than 30 ...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - September 8, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Discrimination of Curcuma species from Asia using intron length polymorphism markers in genes encoding diketide-CoA synthase and curcumin synthase
In this study, to elucidate specific molecular markers of medicinally usedCurcuma species in Asia, and to solve the confusion on the reported botanical origin of crude drugs, molecular analysis based on the intron length polymorphism (ILP) in genes encoding diketide-CoA synthase and curcumin synthase and thetrnK intron sequences was performed using 59 plant specimens and 42 crude drug samples from 13Curcuma species, obtained from Asian countries. The ILP patterns of the respective species from both plant specimens and crude drug samples revealed high consistency inC. aromatica,C. zedoaria,C. phaeocaulis,C. aeruginosa,C. we...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - September 5, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Apigenin exerts chemopreventive effects on lung injury induced by SiO2 nanoparticles through the activation of Nrf2
AbstractApigenin (APG) is a flavonoid widely distributed in fruits, vegetables, and herbs, with comprehensive pharmacological effects. In this paper, we report that APG can elicit a protective effect, which is comparable to those induced by gymnoside II/n-BuOH extracts ofBletilla striata, on SiO2-induced lung injury in vitro and in vivo. In vitro experiments showed that APG (25 μM) could restore the SiO2-decreased A549 cell viability and lower the apoptotic rate and the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in A549 cells treated with nm SiO2. Western blot results showed that APG (25 μM) could incr...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - September 4, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Polymorphism analysis of TCP gene region to intraspecific analysis of Paeonia lactiflora, and application for authentication of Paeoniae Radix
AbstractWe attempted to conduct an intraspecific analysis of 30 peony cultivars in Japan and to authenticate five herbal medicine samples derived from Paeoniae Radix by polymorphism analysis of theTEOSINTE BRANCHED1, CYCLOIDEA, and PCF (TCP) gene region. We focused on cultivar-dependent differences in leaf margin undulation and analyzed the sequence of the relatedTCP gene region. As a result, we found that the nucleotide sequences of 29 cultivars ofPaeonia lactiflora except ‘America’ exhibit interspecific variations compared with the nucleotide sequences ofPaeonia suffruticosa andPaeonia tenuifolia. Therefore, in the d...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - August 29, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
New monoterpenoids from the stigmas of Crocus sativus
AbstractOne new compound, crocusatin M (1), and three new glycosidic compounds, crocusatins N-P (2 –4), along with nine known compounds were isolated from the dried stigmas ofCrocus sativus. The structures of new compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configurations of1,2, and3 were unambiguously assigned by the comparison of experimental and calculated ECD data. This is the first report of the isolation of4 with the HMG moiety from the genusCrocus. Compounds1 and4 exhibited weak anti-inflammatory activities on inhibiting lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO production.Graphic a...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - August 21, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Exploration of marine natural resources in Indonesia and development of efficient strategies for the production of microbial halogenated metabolites
AbstractNature is a prolific source of organic products with diverse scaffolds and biological activities. The process of natural product discovery has gradually become more challenging, and advances in novel strategic approaches are essential to evolve natural product chemistry. Our focus has been on surveying untouched marine resources and fermentation to enhance microbial productive performance. The first topic is the screening of marine natural products isolated from Indonesian marine organisms for new types of bioactive compounds, such as antineoplastics, antimycobacterium substances, and inhibitors of protein tyrosine...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - August 20, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
