Phenylpropanoid conjugated iridoids with anti-malarial activity from the leaves of Morinda morindoides
AbstractTwo phenylpropanoid-conjugated iridoids, deglucosyl gaertneroside (1) and morindoidin (2), were isolated from the leaves ofMorinda morindoides (Rubiaceae) by activity-guided fractionation using an anti-malarial activity assay. The known related iridoids molucidin (3) and prismatomerin (4), two lignans, abscisic acid, two megastigmanes, and two flavonol glycosides were also identified. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic analysis. The isolated compounds were evaluated for anti-malarial activity against the chloroquine/mefloquine-sensitive strains ofPlasmodium falciparum together ...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - June 29, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Hyperdioxanes, dibenzo-1,4-dioxane derivatives from the roots of Hypericum ascyron
AbstractSix dibenzo-1,4-dioxane derivatives (1–6) were isolated from the roots of a Hypericaceous plantHypericum ascyron. Spectroscopic analyses revealed2 and4–6 to be new compounds. The partial racemic natures of1–3 were concluded by chiral HPLC analyses, while5 was confirmed to be a racemate. The absolute configurations1–4 were deduced on the basis of ECD calculations. Biological activity evaluation of the dibenzo-1,4-dioxane derivatives along with two related compounds: hyperdioxanes A (7) and B (8), previously isolated from the same plant material by our group demonstrated that7 exhibit an anti-HIV activity (IC...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - June 17, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Analysis of anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects of acacia bark-derived proanthocyanidins in type 2 diabetes model KKAy mice
In this study, we examined the effect of proanthocyanidins on obesity and diabetes using KKAy mice, a type 2 diabetes model. KKAy mice were fed either a low-fat diet, a high-fat diet, or a high-fat diet mixed with an acacia bark extract, a proanthocyanidins fraction, and other fraction for 7 weeks. Monitoring the changes in the body weight revealed that acacia bark extract and proanthocyanidins fraction could prevent excessive weight gain resulting from a high-fat diet. In addition, increases in the fasting blood glucose level due to high-fat diet intake were found to be suppressed by acacia bark extract and proanthocyan...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - June 13, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Rubus chingii var. suavissimus alleviates high-fat diet-induced lipid metabolism disorder via modulation of the PPARs/SREBP pathway in Syrian golden hamsters
In conclusion, RS alleviated lipid metabolism disorder symptoms caused by high-fat diet accompanied with 8 weeks of treatment, involving enhanced β-oxidation, increased adipogenesis and decrease d the metabolism of fatty acids, via modulation of the PPARs/SREBP pathway in Syrian golden hamsters. (Source: Journal of Natural Medicines)
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - June 12, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Promotion effect of the propolis from Jeju Island, Korea, on NGF secretion in human glioblastoma cells
In this study, the effects of an ethanolic extract of propolis from Jeju Island (EEPJ) on NGF secretion and cell viability in T98G human glioblastoma cells were evaluated. Ethanolic extracts of propolis from Brazil (Baccharis type) and from Uruguay (Populus type) were also studied for comparison. We found that EEPJ significantly increased NGF secretion in the cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the effects of 27 compounds previously isolated from EEPJ were also evaluated. Several compounds were found to have a promotion effect on NGF secretion, and the structure –activity relationships of the compound...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - June 10, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Fragment antigen-binding (Fab) antibody-based lateral flow immunoassay for rapid and sensitive detection of potent phytoestrogen, deoxymiroestrol
In this study, LFIA for qualitative detection of deoxymiroestrol using antigen-binding fragment antibody (Fab) was developed. The result showed that the developed LFIA displays specific detection of deoxymiroestrol. Cross reactivity of this method was analyzed with miroestrol, isomiroestrol and methylisomiroestrol which showed 39.97%, 7.71% and 5.72%, respectively. After optimal condition, limit of detection (LOD) for deoxymiroestrol is 250 ng/ml. Plant samples were applied to strip test compare with indirect competitive ELISA using polyclonal antibody to confirm the application of LFIA. The results of LFIA method were c...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - June 9, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Glucosyl-hesperidin enhances the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-inducing effect of a green tea polyphenol EGCG
AbstractAnimal and clinical studies have revealed that ( –)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (EGCG), one of the major bioactive polyphenols in green tea, showed several pharmacological effects including anti-obesity effect and anti-inflammatory effect. We previously reported that the second messenger cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) mediates its anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. Here we demonstrated that glucosyl-hesperidin, enhances the cGMP-inducing effects of green tea extract in vivo. Moreover, glucosyl-hesperidin intake potentiated the green tea-elicited upregulation of the anti-inflammatory factor, tol...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - June 7, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Thiolane-type sulfides from garlic, onion, and Welsh onion
AbstractIn this paper, we review our work in the last 10 years wherein we examined the sulfides in the acetone extracts of garlic (Allium sativum), onion (A. cepa), and Welsh onion (A. fistulosum), obtained and characterized the structures of new sulfides, three 3,4-dimethylthiolane-type sulfides from onion and Welsh onion, respectively, and four acyclic-type, nine 3,4-dimethyl- thiolane-type, four 2-methylthiolane (and thiane)-type, two 1,2-dithiolane-type, and two 2-oxothiolane-type sulfides, together with (E)-ajoene and one kujounin-type sulfide from garlic. During this process, structural corrections were made in oni...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - June 3, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Metabolic fingerprinting for discrimination of DNA-authenticated Atractylodes plants using 1H NMR spectroscopy
AbstractIdentifying different species of the genusAtractylodes which are commonly used in Chinese and Japanese traditional medicine, using chromatographic approaches can be difficult.1H NMR metabolic profiling of DNA-authenticated, archived rhizomes of the genusAtractylodes was performed for genetic and chemical evaluation. The ITS region of the nuclear rDNA was sequenced for five species,A. japonica,A. macrocephala,A. lancea,A. chinensis, andA. koreana. Our samples had nucleotide sequences as previously reported, except that part of theA. lancea cultivated in Japan had a type 5, hybrid DNA sequence. Principal component an...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - May 28, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Cytotoxicity and growth-inhibiting activity of Astragalus polysaccharides against breast cancer via the regulation of EGFR and ANXA1
In conclusion, the present study may provide potential molecular therapeutic targets and a new insight into the mechanism of APS against breast cancer.Graphic abstract (Source: Journal of Natural Medicines)
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - May 27, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans from Artemisia sieversiana and their anti-inflammatory activities
This study is the first to report dibenzocyclooctadiene lignans in the genusArtemisia and this plant. All the compounds were evaluated for their anti-neuroinflammatory activities on the lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced nitric oxide production in BV-2 murine microglial cells. Compounds1 and6 exhibited the moderate activities with their IC50 values of 47.7 and 21.9 μM, compared to a positive control quercetin with the IC50 value of 16.0 μM.Graphic abstract (Source: Journal of Natural Medicines)
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - May 25, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Genetic diversity of Amomum xanthioides and its related species from Southeast Asia and China
AbstractAmomum Semen, the seed mass ofAmomum xanthioides, has been imported from Southeast Asia and China and used for the treatment of gastric and intestinal disorders.A. xanthioides has been treated as a synonym ofA. villosum var.xanthioides. Furthermore,A. villosum var.villosum, A. villosum var.xanthioides, orA. longiligulare have been described as the botanical origin of Amomi Fructus, which is a similar crude drug in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Under these circumstances, the botanical origin of Amomum Semen was changed toA. villosum var.xanthioides,A. villosum var.villosum, orA. longiligulare in Supplement II to the 17th e...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - May 25, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Characterization of inter-annual changes in soil microbial flora of Panax ginseng cultivation fields in Shimane Prefecture of Western Japan by DNA metabarcoding using next-generation sequencing
AbstractPanax ginseng C.A.Mey. (Araliaceae) cultivation suffers from the inability to cultivate the same fields continuously for long durations due to replant failure. The main cause of replant failure is considered to be the annual change in the soil microbial flora, especially the invasion and settlement of pathogenic microorganisms of soil-borne diseases. We analyzed the soil bacterial and fungal flora and inter-annual changes in their composition over 5 years in ginseng cultivation fields on Daikonshima Island, Shimane Prefecture of Western Japan by DNA metabarcoding using next-generation sequencing. Bacteria such as...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - May 23, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Saponins are responsible for the anti-obesogenic activity of Acacia concinna
In this study, the anti-obesogenic compounds inA. concinna pods were investigated. Chromatographic separation of the pod extract guided by pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity led to the isolation of saponins. Decomposition analysis of the saponins revealed their chemical composition to be acacic acid, monoterpenes, and five types of sugars (glucose, xylose, rhamnose, quinovose, arabinose). The predicted structures of the saponins from decomposition analysis were confirmed by LC –MS analysis, showing that these saponins are mixture of various derivatives of monoterpenes and sugar units. These saponins inhibited pancreat...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - May 21, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Biological activity evaluations of chemical constituents derived from Mongolian medicinal forage plants and their applications in combating infectious diseases and addressing health problems in humans and livestock
AbstractMongolian nomadic people possess traditional knowledge of wild plants that grow in their areas of habitation. Many of these are forage plants in nature and are consumed by livestock. However, these plants are known to have medicinal and/or toxic properties. To establish a scientific understanding of the plants, and in turn, offer sound knowledge on their applications and effective use, it is essential to collect data pertaining to the chemical constituents of each plant. Therefore, the first objective of this study was to identify and determine the structural constituents of the forage plants that were available to...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - May 21, 2021 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
