Identification and characterization of organic and glycosidic acids in the crude resin glycoside fraction from the leaves and stems of Calystegia japonica
AbstractThe alkaline hydrolysis of the crude resin glycoside fraction from the leaves and stems of the plantCalystegia japonica Choisy (Convolvulaceae) yielded organic acid and glycosidic acid fractions. The organic acid fraction was esterified withp-bromophenacyl bromide to obtainp-bromophenacyl 2R-methyl-3R-hydroxybutyrate (1) andp-bromophenacyl (E)-2-methylbut-2-enoate (2).  By treating the glycosidic acid fraction with trimethylsilyldiazomethane–hexane, seven new methyl esters of glycosidic acids, namely calyjaponic acid A methyl ester (3) calyjaponic acid B methyl ester (5), calyjaponic acid C methyl ester (6), cal...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - December 17, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Non-carcinogenic/non-nephrotoxic aristolochic acid IVa exhibited anti-inflammatory activities in mice
In conclusion, we demonstrated that AAIVa had anti-inflammatory effect for the first time; our findings are constructive for further studies on pharmacological mechanism of AAIVa. (Source: Journal of Natural Medicines)
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - December 16, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Acacetin inhibits myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction by activating PI3K/AKT in SHR rats fed with fructose
In conclusion, acacetin improved myo cardial mitochondrial dysfunction through regulating oxidative stress, mitochondrial fission and fusion, and mitochondrial pathway apoptosis mediated by PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in hypertensive rats with IR.Graphical Abstract (Source: Journal of Natural Medicines)
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - December 15, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Correction: Anti-influenza A virus activity of flavonoids in vitro: a structure –activity relationship
(Source: Journal of Natural Medicines)
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - December 13, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
A new 1,2-diketone physalin isolated from Physalis minima and TRAIL-resistance overcoming activity of physalins
AbstractA new 1,2-diketone physalin, physalin XII (1), and 13 known compounds were isolated from the methanol extract ofPhysalis minima whole plant collected in Thailand. Among them, five physalins (2–6) had tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-resistance overcoming activity, and physalin F (3) was the most active with an IC50 value of 0.39  µM against human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line AGS in the presence of TRAIL (100 ng/mL). An investigation of the TRAIL-resistance overcoming activity of physalins using western blot analysis showed that3 promoted TRAIL-induced apoptosis by suppressing...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - December 10, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Bioactivity-boosting strategy based on combination of anti-allergic O-methylated catechin with a Citrus flavanone, hesperetin
In this study, we revealed that aCitrus flavanone, hesperetin, amplified IgE/antigen-mediated degranulation-inhibitory potency of anti-allergic catechin, ( –)-epigallocatechin-3-O-(3-O-methyl) gallate (EGCG3 ʹʹMe), in the rat basophilic/mast cell line RBL-2H3. Hesperetin also significantly elevated the activation of acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), essential for eliciting anti-allergic effect of EGCG3ʹʹMe through the cell surficial protein, 67-kDa laminin receptor (67LR). Furthermore, oral administratio n of the highly absorbent hesperidin, α-glucosyl hesperidin, also enhanced the inhibitory potency of EGCG3ʹʹMe-rich ...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - December 9, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Rational design and structure –activity relationship studies reveal new esterified C20-diterpenoid alkaloid analogues active against MCF-7 human breast cancer cells
AbstractAlthough various diterpenoid alkaloids have been evaluated recently for antiproliferative activity against human tumor cell lines, little information is available regarding the antiproliferative effects of C20-diterpenoid alkaloids against MCF-7 cells. Six new diterpenoid alkaloid derivatives (13,14,22,23,25,26) were prepared by C-11 and 15 esterification of kobusine (6). The natural parent alkaloid6 and all synthesized derivatives (7 − 27,12a,15a,15b,18a,18b) were evaluated for antiproliferative activity against MCF-7 cells. The structure-based design strategy resulted in an initial lead derivative, 11,15-di...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - December 7, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Essential oil composition of Curcuma species and drugs from Asia analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography –mass spectrometry
AbstractEssential oils (EOs) comprised of various bioactive compounds have been widely detected in theCurcuma species. Due to the widespread distribution and misidentification ofCurcuma species and differences in processing methods, inconsistent reports on major compounds in rhizomes of the same species from different geographical regions are not uncommon. This inconsistency leads to confusion and inaccuracy in compound detection of each species and also hinders comparative study based on EO compositions. The present study aimed to characterize EO compositions of 12Curcuma species, as well as to detect the compositional va...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - November 28, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Polypunctosides E-K: seven new steroidal saponins from Polygonatum punctatum Royle ex Kunth and their nitric oxide production inhibitory activities
AbstractPolygonatum punctatum Royle ex Kunth is a high-value medicinal plant found in old natural forests. A phytochemical study on the roots of this plant led to the isolation of seven new steroidal saponins including four furostans (1–4) and three furospirostans (5–7). Their structures were elucidated as (25R)-26-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-furost-5-ene-3β,17α,22α,26-tetraol 3-O- α-l-arabinopyranosyl-(1  → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1  → 4)-β-d-galactopyranoside (1), (25R)-26-O-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-furost-5-ene-3β,14α,17α,22α,26-pentaol 3-O- α-l-arabinopyranosyl-(1  → 2)-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 â...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - November 19, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Tryptanthrin ameliorates imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress via NF- κB/MAPK/Nrf2 pathways
AbstractNowadays, approximately 3% of the world ’s population suffers from psoriasis, an inflammatory dermatosis with high recurrence. Tryptanthrin (TRYP) is a natural alkaloid that possesses anti-inflammatory activities on multiple diseases. The present study aimed to unravel whether TRYP could relieve psoriasis and how it works. Imiquimod (IM Q)-induced psoriatic mouse models were administered saline (model), TRYP (25 and 100 mg/kg), or methotrexate (MTX, 1 mg/kg) and considered as the positive control. TNF-α-induced keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) with TRYP (0, 10, 20 and 50 nM) were used for in vitro verification. Ps...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - November 15, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Anti-influenza A virus activity of flavonoids in vitro: a structure –activity relationship
AbstractSecondary plant metabolites from food extracts, namely daidzein, quercetin, and luteolin, exhibit anti-influenza virus effects, with IC50 values of 143.6, 274.8, and 8.0  μM, respectively. The activities of these metabolites differ depending on the functional groups. Therefore, in this study, we focused on members of the flavonoid group, and investigated the anti-influenza viral effects of different flavonoid classes (flavone, isoflavone, flavonol, flavanone, and flavan-3-ol) in vitro. The IC50 values were 4.9 –82.8 μM, 143.6 μM, 62.9–477.8 μM, 290.4–881.1 μM, and 22.9–6717.2 μM, respectively, c...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - November 11, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Total syntheses of surugamides and thioamycolamides toward understanding their biosynthesis
AbstractPeptidic natural products have received much attention as potential drug leads, and biosynthetic studies of peptidic natural products have contributed to the field of natural product chemistry over the past several decades. However, the key biosynthetic intermediates are generally not isolated from natural sources, and this can hamper a detailed analysis of biosynthesis. Furthermore, reported unusual structures, which are targets for biosynthetic studies, are sometimes the results of structural misassignments. Chemical synthesis techniques are imperative in solving these problems. This review focuses on the chemica...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - November 8, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Effect of Maillard reaction on the quality of clarified butter, ghee
AbstractIn Ayurveda, a traditional Indian medicine system, clarified butter is called ghee and is used for food and medicinal purposes. Since butter is subjected to heat to prepare ghee, the heating process affects the ghee quality, such as oxidation, flavor, nutritional value, and biological activity. Therefore, this study focused on the Maillard reaction progress and free-radical scavenging activity with temperature and time during ghee preparation. First, ghee was prepared at low to high temperatures, and its quality (milk fat content, retinol, α-tocopherol, peroxide value, Maillard reaction progress, and free radical ...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - November 3, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Communiferulins, farnesylated coumarins from the roots of Ferula communis and their anti-neuroinflammatory activity
AbstractThree new farnesylated coumarins, communiferulins A –C (1–3), and a farnesylated chromone, ferchromone (4), were isolated from the roots of an Apiaceous plantFerula communis. Their structures including the relative configurations were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic analyses and calculations of the NMR data. Communiferulins A –C (1–3) had dihydrofuran rings fused to C-3 and C-4 of their coumarin moieties, while3 possessed one additional furan ring. HPLC analyses using a chiral column showed1–4 to be racemates, and the absolute configurations of (+)-1, ( –)-1, (+)-2,  and (–)-2 were deduc...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - October 26, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
Seasonal variation of alkaloids and polyphenol in Ephedra sinica cultivated in Japan and controlling factors
AbstractWe investigated the seasonal variation of alkaloids (ephedrine and pseudoephedrine), total polyphenol, and sugar contents inEphedra sinica cultivated in Japan and elucidated the controlling factors for the variation. In 2018, alkaloids and polyphenol contents increased dramatically from May to July, decreased to their lowest in October, and slightly increased again in November. The reduction of alkaloids and polyphenol contents in the autumn may be affected by precipitation in summer. In 2020, alkaloids and polyphenol contents started to decrease in late July when rainfall was abundant from July to August. In contr...
Source: Journal of Natural Medicines - October 25, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research
