Characteristics of two zoonotic swine influenza A(H1N1) viruses isolated in Germany from diseased patients
Int J Med Microbiol. 2024 Jan 24;314:151609. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmm.2024.151609. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTInterspecies transmission of influenza A viruses (IAV) from pigs to humans is a concerning event as porcine IAV represent a reservoir of potentially pandemic IAV. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of two porcine A(H1N1)v viruses isolated from human cases by evaluating their genetic, antigenic and virological characteristics. The HA genes of those human isolates belonged to clades 1C.2.1 and 1C.2.2, respectively, of the A(H1N1) Eurasian avian-like swine influenza lineage. Antigenic profiling revealed substantial c...
Source: International Journal of Medical Microbiology - January 29, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Alla Heider Marianne Wedde Viola Weinheimer Stephanie D öllinger Masyar Monazahian Ralf D ürrwald Thorsten Wolff Brunhilde Schweiger Source Type: research
Age-dependent influenza infection patterns and subtype circulation in Denmark, in seasons 2015/16 to 2021/22
ConclusionThe 2021/22 influenza season had a different age distribution compared with pre-COVID-19 pandemic seasons.PMID:38275020 | DOI:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.4.2300263 (Source: Euro Surveill)
Source: Euro Surveill - January 26, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Hanne-Dorthe Emborg Amanda Bolt Botnen Jens Nielsen Lasse S Vestergaard Frederikke Kristensen Lomholt Charlotte Munkstrup Karina Lauenborg M øller Charlotte Kjels ø Steen Hulthin Rasmussen Ramona Trebbien Source Type: research
Rapid Antigen Testing in School Health Offices for Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A
Conclusions: Surveillance for significant respiratory pathogens can be based on rapid antigen testing within SHOs, is highly comparable with larger scale surveillance programs, and demonstrates either advanced (FluA) or concurrent detections (SC2). Performance of similar programs are needed in other geographical areas and for other pathogens.PMID:38271206 | DOI:10.1370/afm.22.s1.4841 (Source: Annals of Family Medicine)
Source: Annals of Family Medicine - January 25, 2024 Category: Primary Care Authors: Jonathan Temte Shari Barlow Emily Temte Maureen Goss Source Type: research
Anti-microbial efficacy of a scientifically developed and standardized herbal-alcohol sanitizer
Arch Microbiol. 2024 Jan 25;206(2):77. doi: 10.1007/s00203-023-03805-4.ABSTRACTHands are the primary mode of transmission of microbe-based infections, as they harbor normal microbiota and pathogenic microbes. SARS-CoV-2 has endangered lives worldwide, and WHO has recommended good hygiene practices, especially hand hygiene. In addition, other infectious diseases like diphtheria, measles, tuberculosis, HIV, malaria, etc. are spreading in the shadow of the COVID-19 pandemic. The anti-microbial efficiency of two in-house developed herbal-alcohol based hand sanitizers containing Azadirachta indica, Citrus limon, Zingiber offici...
Source: Archives of Microbiology - January 25, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Rajkumar Tulsawani Kalyani Verma Ekta Kohli Purva Sharma Yogesh Singh Meena None Amitabh Sarkaraisamy Ponmariappan Prashant Kumar Rekha Maithani Source Type: research
Emergency Department Demand and the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic
We present a retrospective analysis of Emergency Department daily patient flow across 84 hospitals in Queensland, Australia over a four-year period from 2017 - 2020, leading up to and including the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Daily ED demand significantly increased year-on-year over the study period, though significant increases in 2020 were likely attributed to ED fever screening clinics. Compliance against a four-hour ED Length of Stay target had been slightly decreasing since 2017, and the first year of the pandemic showed significant improvements in target compliance compared to previous years for all patients incl...
Source: Studies in Health Technology and Informatics - January 25, 2024 Category: Information Technology Authors: Justin Boyle Sankalp Khanna James Lind Source Type: research
Age-dependent influenza infection patterns and subtype circulation in Denmark, in seasons 2015/16 to 2021/22
ConclusionThe 2021/22 influenza season had a different age distribution compared with pre-COVID-19 pandemic seasons. (Source: Eurosurveillance)
Source: Eurosurveillance - January 25, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Hanne-Dorthe Emborg, Amanda Bolt Botnen, Jens Nielsen, Lasse S. Vestergaard, Frederikke Kristensen Lomholt, Charlotte Munkstrup, Karina Lauenborg M øller, Charlotte Kjelsø, Steen Hulthin Rasmussen and Ramona Trebbien Source Type: research
Influenza vaccine compatibility among hospitalized patients during and after the COVID-19 pandemic
This study compared circulating influenza A and B in hospitalized patients in Israel with the influenza strains in the vaccine following the 2021–2022 winter season which was dominated by the omicron variant.MethodsNasopharyngeal samples of 16,325 patients were examined for the detection of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and influenza B. Phylogenetic trees of hemagglutinin were then prepared using sanger sequencing. Vaccine immunogenicity was also performed using the hemagglutination inhibition test.ResultsOf the 16,325 nasopharyngeal samples collected from hospitalized patients between September 2021 (We...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - January 23, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Cross-protection induced by highly conserved human B, CD4+, and CD8+ T-cell epitopes-based vaccine against severe infection, disease, and death caused by multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern
ConclusionA multi-epitope pan-variant SARS-CoV-2 vaccine bearing conserved human B- and T- cell epitopes from structural and non-structural SARS-CoV-2 antigens induced cross-protective immunity that facilitated virus clearance, and reduced morbidity, COVID-19-related lung pathology, and death caused by multiple SARS-CoV-2 VOCs. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - January 22, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Comparison of geological clusters between influenza and COVID-19 in Thailand with unsupervised clustering analysis
In this study, unsupervised clustering techniques were used to identify clusters of disease trends in Thailand. The analysis inc orporated three distinct surveillance datasets: the pandemic influenza outbreak, influenza in the endemic stage, and the early stages of COVID-19. The analysis demonstrated a significant difference in the distribution of provinces between Cluster -1, representing those with unique transmission patte rns, and the other clusters, indicating provinces with similar transmission patterns among their members. Specifically, for Pandemic Influenza, the ratio was 61:16, while for Pandemic COVID-19, it was...
Source: PLoS One - January 22, 2024 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Thanin Methiyothin Source Type: research
The Identification Distinct Antiviral Factors Regulated Influenza Pandemic H1N1 Infection
In this study, we organised and analysed multimicroarray data for mouse lungs infected with different H1N1pdm and nonpandemic H1N1 strains. We found that H1N1pdms infection resulted in a large proportion of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the infected lungs compared with normal lungs, and the number of DEGs increased markedly with the time of infection. In addition, we found that different H1N1pdm strains induced similarly innate immune responses and the identified DEGs during H1N1pdms infection were functionally concentrated in defence response to virus, cytokine-mediated signalling pathway, regulation of innate ...
Source: International Journal of Microbiology - January 17, 2024 Category: Microbiology Authors: Baoxin Wang Hao Zheng Xia Dong Wenhua Zhang Junjing Wu Hongbo Chen Jing Zhang Ao Zhou Source Type: research
Emergency department CT examinations demonstrate no evidence of early viral circulation at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic —a multicentre epidemiological study
ConclusionThese results suggest that SARS-CoV-2 was not circulating in the areas covered by the 61 emergency departments involved in our study before the official beginning of the COVID-19 outbreak in France. In emergency patients, the strong resemblance among mycoplasma, influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 lung infections on chest CT and the nonspecificity of CT patterns in low prevalence periods is stressed.Critical relevance statementWe proposed here an innovative approach to revisit a controversial ‘real’ start of the COVID-19 pandemic in France based on (1) a population-level approach combining text mining, time series ana...
Source: Insights into Imaging - January 17, 2024 Category: Radiology Source Type: research
Cost effectiveness of preemptive school closures to mitigate pandemic influenza outbreaks of differing severity in the United States
Nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) may be considered as part of national pandemic preparedness as a first line defense against influenza pandemics. Preemptive school closures (PSCs) are an NPI reserved for... (Source: BMC Public Health)
Source: BMC Public Health - January 17, 2024 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Lori R. Dauelsberg, Brian Maskery, Heesoo Joo, Timothy C. Germann, Sara Y. Del Valle and Amra Uzicanin Tags: Research Source Type: research
The impact of PA/I38 substitutions and PA polymorphisms on the susceptibility of zoonotic influenza A viruses to baloxavir
AbstractGenetic reassortment of avian, swine, and human influenza A viruses (IAVs) poses potential pandemic risks. Surveillance is important for influenza pandemic preparedness, but the susceptibility of zoonotic IAVs to the cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor baloxavir acid (BXA) has not been thoroughly researched. Although an amino acid substitution at position 38 in the polymerase acidic protein (PA/I38) in seasonal IAVs reduces BXA susceptibility, PA polymorphisms at position 38 are rarely seen in zoonotic IAVs. Here, we examined the impact of PA/I38 substitutions on the BXA susceptibility of recombinant A(H5N1) virus...
Source: Archives of Virology - January 12, 2024 Category: Virology Source Type: research
