Reduced Incretin Receptor Trafficking upon Activation Enhances Glycemic Control and Reverses Obesity in Diet-Induced Obese Mice
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2024 May 13. doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00474.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTActivation of incretin receptors by their cognate agonists augments sustained cAMP generation both from the plasma membrane as well as from the endosome. To address the functional outcome of this spatiotemporal signaling, we developed a non-acylated glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor dual agonist I-M-150847 that reduced receptor internalization following activation of the incretin receptors. The incretin receptor dual agonist I-M-150847 was developed by replacin...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology - May 13, 2024 Category: Cytology Authors: Rathin Bauri Shilpak Bele Jhansi Edelli Neelesh C Reddy Sreenivasulu Kurukuti Tom Devasia Ahamed Ibrahim Vishal Rai Prasenjit Mitra Source Type: research
Twins Standing in for Co-Twins: Explanation and Speculation/Twin Research Reviews: Single v. Multiple Embryo Transfer; Neurimaging of Twins with Periventricular Nodular Heterotopia; Twin Dietary Study; New Hungarian Text on Twins/Human Interest: Valedictorian and Salutatorian Twins; Twin Mother at Age Seventy; Twins Reunited by Tiktok; New Film on Twins with Selective Mutism; Becoming Twin Doctors
Twin Res Hum Genet. 2024 May 13:1-5. doi: 10.1017/thg.2024.22. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAn overview of circumstances in which twins take the place of their co-twin is presented. Various explanations and speculations are proposed for understanding twins' willingness to do so in certain situations. This section is followed by reviews of timely twin research, namely single versus multiple embryo transfer; neurimaging of twins with periventricular nodular heterotopia; a twin dietary comparison; and a new book of twin-related readings from Hungary. The final portion of this article concerns human interest stories that both...
Source: Twin Research and Human Genetics - May 13, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Nancy L Segal Source Type: research
Mode of action analysis for fluxapyroxad-induced rat liver tumour formation: evidence for activation of the constitutive androstane receptor and assessment of human relevance
In conclusion, a series of in vivo and in vitro investigative studies have demonstrated that fluxapyroxad is a CAR activator in rat liver, with similar properties to the prototypical CAR activator phenobarbital. A robust MOA for fluxapyroxad-induced rat liver tumour formation has been established. Based on the lack of effect of fluxapyroxad on RDS in human hepatocytes, it is considered that the MOA for fluxapyroxad-induced liver tumour formation is qualitatively not plausible for humans.PMID:38740169 | DOI:10.1016/j.tox.2024.153828 (Source: Toxicology)
Source: Toxicology - May 13, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Manuela Goettel Christoph Werner Naveed Honarvar Sibylle Gr öters Ivana Fegert Corinne Haines Lynsey R Chatham Audrey Vardy Brian G Lake Source Type: research
Maternal high-fat diet during pregnancy and lactation affects factors that regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis in the testis of adult progeny
Conclusions A maternal high-fat diet alters the balance between spermatogonia proliferation and spermatid apoptosis. Implications A maternal high-fat diet seems to 'program' adult male fertility.PMID:38739740 | DOI:10.1071/RD23082 (Source: Reproduction, Fertility, and Development)
Source: Reproduction, Fertility, and Development - May 13, 2024 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Helen Viotti Daniel Cavestany Graeme B Martin Mark H Vickers Deborah M Sloboda Graciela Pedrana Source Type: research
Dietary additive ferulic acid alleviated oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis induced by chronic exposure to avermectin in the liver of common carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Toxicon. 2024 May 11:107755. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2024.107755. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAvermectin (AVM) has been utilized extensively in agricultural production since it is a low-toxicity pesticide. However, the pollution caused by its residues to fisheries aquaculture has been neglected. As an abundant polyphenolic substance in plants, ferulic acid (FA) possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. The goal of the study is to assess the FA's ability to reduce liver damage in carp brought on by AVM exposure. Four groups of carp were created at random: the control group; the AVM group; the FA group; and the F...
Source: Toxicon - May 13, 2024 Category: Toxicology Authors: Zunhan Hu Ying Sun Shujuan Liu Yannan Xiang Mengxin Li Ying Li Yuanyuan Li Xiguang Liu Mian Fu Source Type: research
Modeling Zinc Absorption in the Adult Population of Colombia: Insights for Nutritional Evaluation and Intervention Strategies
This study addresses the gap in understanding zinc intake and its relationship with key nutritional parameters in a Colombian population. We analyzed data from 12,987 individuals, focusing on the daily intake of zinc, phytate, protein, and calcium, and used the phytate/zinc molar ratio as an input parameter in the Miller et al. (2013) model. This model was employed to estimate the total absorbed zinc (TAZ) and the fractional absorption of zinc (FAZ). Our findings highlight a general trend towards insufficient intake compared to the standards of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) and Colombia, with a significant percentage of ...
Source: Biological Trace Element Research - May 13, 2024 Category: Biology Authors: Jos é Alexander Alvarez-Bustamante Ang élica María Muñoz Source Type: research
Phytoconstituents of Nymphaea rubra flowers and their anti-diabetic metabolic targets
This study first time provides descriptions of the antidiabetic and dyslipidemic properties employing STZ induced high fat diet fed diabetic rats and inhibition of α-amylase enzyme activity first by in vitro analyses, followed by a confirmatory in silico study to create a stronger biochemical rationale. Furthermore, in 3 T3-L1 cells, this extract promoted the suppression of adipogenesis. GC-MS investigation of the ethyl acetate fraction of ethanolic extract of N. rubra flowers revealed the presence of marker compounds of N. rubra, Nuciferine, and Apomorphine, which were the focus of molecular docking studies. The acquired...
Source: Fitoterapia - May 13, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Nayab Ishrat Annie Gupta Mohd Faheem Khan Uzma Shahab Mohd Shahnawaz Khan Naved Ahmad Kirtanjot Kaur Saheem Ahmad Abbas Ali Mahdi Source Type: research
Transcriptional regulation of Znt family members znt4, znt5 and znt10 and their function in zinc transport in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)
Biochim Biophys Acta Gene Regul Mech. 2024 May 11:195041. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2024.195041. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe study characterized the transcriptionally regulatory mechanism and functions of three zinc (Zn) transporters (znt4, znt5 and znt10) in Zn2+ metabolism in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco), commonly freshwater fish in China and other countries. We cloned the sequences of znt4 promoter, spanning from -1217 bp to +80 bp relative to TSS (1297 bp); znt5, spanning from -1783 bp to +49 bp relative to TSS (1832 bp) and znt10, spanning from -1923 bp to +190 bp relative to TSS (2113 bp). In addition, ...
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - May 13, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Lu-Lu Liu Chang-Chun Song Nermeen Abu-Elala Xiao-Ying Tan Tao Zhao Hua Zheng Hong Yang Zhi Luo Source Type: research
Adipocyte-Specific Disruption of the BBSome Causes Metabolic and Autonomic Dysfunction
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2024 May 13. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00039.2024. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTObesity is a major public health issue due to its association with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and other cardiovascular risks. The BBSome, a complex of 8 conserved Bardet-Biedl Syndrome (BBS) proteins, has emerged as a key regulator of energy and glucose homeostasis as well as cardiovascular function. However, the importance of adipocyte BBSome in controlling these physiological processes is not clear. Here, we show that adipocyte-specific constitutive disruption of the BBSome through selective deletion of...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology - May 13, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Yuying Zhao Deng-Fu Guo Donald A Morgan Young-Eun Cho Kamal Rahmouni Source Type: research
Berberine alleviates cholesterol and bile acid metabolism disorders induced by high cholesterol diet in mice
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2024 May 8;719:150088. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150088. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBerberine (BBR) is a traditional Chinese herb with broad antimicrobial activity. Gut microbiota plays an important role in the metabolism of bile acids and cholesterol. Our study investigated the effects of BBR on alleviating cholesterol and bile acid metabolism disorders induced by high cholesterol diet in mice. Adult male C57BL/6J mice fed with high cholesterol diet (HC) containing 1.25 % cholesterol (HC group) or fed with chow diet containing 0.02 % cholesterol (Chow group) served as controls. BBR50 and BBR1...
Source: Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications - May 13, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Qihan Wang Weiyi Shen Wentao Shao Hai Hu Source Type: research
Punicalagin attenuates isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction through nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/silent information regulator transcript-1-mediated inhibition of inflammation and cardiac stress markers in experimental animal models
This study aimed to assess the preventive impact of PCN, with its potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, on myocardial injury caused by isoproterenol (ISO) in rats and elucidate the possible underlying mechanisms. Experimental rats were randomly categorized into four groups: control group (fed a regular diet for 15 days), PCN group (orally administered PCN at 50 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) for 15 days), ISO group (subcutaneously administered ISO (85 mg/kg b.w.) on days 14 and 15 to induce MI), and PCN+ISO group (orally preadministered PCN (50 mg/kg b.w.) for 15 days and administered ISO (85 mg/kg b.w.) on day...
Source: J Physiol Pharmacol - May 13, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: X Y Liao P Liu T F Luo Y Li Y Gao F Y Pan K C Wang Source Type: research
Unveiling the oral-gut connection: chronic apical periodontitis accelerates atherosclerosis via gut microbiota dysbiosis and altered metabolites in apoE(-/-) Mice on a high-fat diet
In conclusion, this research underscores the intricate interplay among oral health, gut microbiota composition, metabolite profiles, and CVD incidence. These findings emphasize the importance of maintaining good oral hygiene as a potential preventive measure against cardiovascular issues, as well as the need for further investigations into the intricate mechanisms linking oral health, gut microbiota, and metabolic pathways in CVD development.PMID:38740741 | PMC:PMC11091127 | DOI:10.1038/s41368-024-00301-3 (Source: Atherosclerosis)
Source: Atherosclerosis - May 13, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Guowu Gan Shihan Lin Yufang Luo Yu Zeng Beibei Lu Ren Zhang Shuai Chen Huaxiang Lei Zhiyu Cai Xiaojing Huang Source Type: research
ANGPTL3 accelerates atherosclerotic progression via direct regulation of M1 macrophage activation in plaque
CONCLUSIONS: Targeting ANGPTL3 could yield a dual benefit of lowering lipid levels in the blood and suppressing macrophage activation in plaque.PMID:38740260 | DOI:10.1016/j.jare.2024.05.011 (Source: Atherosclerosis)
Source: Atherosclerosis - May 13, 2024 Category: Cardiology Authors: Yuejie Zhang Cen Yan Yuan Dong Jiwei Zhao Xuanyi Yang Yalan Deng Li Su Jiming Yin Yang Zhang Fenghui Sun Yingmei Feng Source Type: research
Punicalagin attenuates isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction through nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/silent information regulator transcript-1-mediated inhibition of inflammation and cardiac stress markers in experimental animal models
This study aimed to assess the preventive impact of PCN, with its potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, on myocardial injury caused by isoproterenol (ISO) in rats and elucidate the possible underlying mechanisms. Experimental rats were randomly categorized into four groups: control group (fed a regular diet for 15 days), PCN group (orally administered PCN at 50 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) for 15 days), ISO group (subcutaneously administered ISO (85 mg/kg b.w.) on days 14 and 15 to induce MI), and PCN+ISO group (orally preadministered PCN (50 mg/kg b.w.) for 15 days and administered ISO (85 mg/kg b.w.) on day...
Source: Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - May 13, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: X Y Liao P Liu T F Luo Y Li Y Gao F Y Pan K C Wang Source Type: research
FicD regulates adaptation to the unfolded protein response in the murine liver
Biochimie. 2024 May 11:S0300-9084(24)00106-8. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2024.05.012. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cellular stress response that is activated when misfolded proteins accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Regulation of the UPR response must be adapted to the needs of the cell as prolonged UPR responses can result in disrupted cellular function and tissue damage. Previously, we discovered that the enzyme FicD (also known as Fic or HYPE) through its AMPylation and deAMPylation activity can modulate the UPR response via post-translational modification of BiP. FicD AM...
Source: Biochimie - May 13, 2024 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Amanda K Casey Nathan M Stewart Naqi Zaidi Hillery F Gray Amelia Cox Hazel A Fields Kim Orth Source Type: research
