The role of the orexin (hypocretin) system in controlling energy homeostasis, endocrine system, and reproduction in pigs and other living organisms
J Physiol Pharmacol. 2023 Dec;74(6). doi: 10.26402/jpp.2023.6.01. Epub 2024 Feb 7.ABSTRACTOrexins A (OXA) and B (OXB) (hypocretin 1 and 2) are neuropeptides produced in the brain and peripheral tissues. Biological activities of orexins are mediated through activation of two G-protein coupled receptors termed as orexin 1 receptor (OX1R) and orexin 2 receptor (OX1R). Orexin system (OXA, OXB, OX1R, OX2R) was implicated in controlling sleep, energy expenditure, appetite, reproduction as well as metabolism and energy homeostasis. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the role of the orexin system in contr...
Source: Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - February 12, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: T Wojciechowicz M Rybska N Smolinska T Kaminski A Rak J Wlodarek K W Nowak M Skrzypski Source Type: research

Radial artery spasms impair invasive cardiological procedures' performance: a pharmacological approach to prevention and treatment
J Physiol Pharmacol. 2023 Dec;74(6). doi: 10.26402/jpp.2023.6.02. Epub 2024 Feb 7.ABSTRACTThe radial artery (RA) access is currently the gold standard to perform cardiovascular interventions. One of the more common limitations is radial artery spasm which is an often complication interrupting the procedure. Common risk factors associated with spasm include female gender, periprocedural anxiety, multiple puncture attempts, distal radial access, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking. The mechanism of spasm is complex and includes calmodulin and rho-kinase pathways leading to the smooth muscle contraction. Proper hydration, anx...
Source: Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - February 12, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: M Chyrchel J Roczniak A Surdacki Source Type: research

Transcriptional cofactor dyxin mediates hypertrophic response in the heart during angiotensin II-induced hypertension
J Physiol Pharmacol. 2023 Dec;74(6). doi: 10.26402/jpp.2023.6.03. Epub 2024 Feb 7.ABSTRACTDyxin is a LIM-domain containing transcriptional regulator protein shown to play a role in a hypertrophic response in the heart. Here, the effect of adenoviral dyxin overexpression was studied on cardiac function and gene expression in the normal heart and in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertension in rats. The adenovirus-mediated intramyocardial gene transfer of dyxin (1.5x109 infectious units/animal) was performed into the left ventricle (LV) of Sprague-Dawley rats with and without the Ang II (33 μg/kg/h) infusion, administere...
Source: Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - February 12, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: H Sakkinen H Luosujarvi T Karvonen E Mustonen A-M Moilanen J Aro J Napankangas H Ruskoaho J Rysa Source Type: research

Orphan nuclear receptor 4 A1 involvement in transforming growth factor beta1-induced myocardial fibrosis in diabetic mice
J Physiol Pharmacol. 2023 Dec;74(6). doi: 10.26402/jpp.2023.6.04. Epub 2024 Feb 7.ABSTRACTWe explored the involvement of orphan nuclear receptor 4 A1 (NR4A1) in myocardial fibrosis mediated by transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) and its response to cytosporone B (Csn-B). We developed a diabetic cardiomyopathy mouse model by administering a high-fat diet in conjunction with a low-dose streptozotocin injection. Our analysis involved monitoring alterations in blood glucose and lipid levels, cardiac function and structure, as well as profibrotic factors such as α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen I, collagen III, ...
Source: Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - February 12, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: M-F Ma Z-Y Chen L-J Wang N Li B-Y Guo Source Type: research

Significance of multiple myeloma oncogene 1 immunohistochemistry in chronic endometritis detection in patients with recurrent pregnancy losses: an observational study
J Physiol Pharmacol. 2023 Dec;74(6). doi: 10.26402/jpp.2023.6.05. Epub 2024 Feb 7.ABSTRACTThe most reliable chronic endometritis diagnosis is based on immunohistochemistry plasma cell identification in endometrial samples. Our study aimed to compare multiple myeloma oncogene 1 (MUM1) and syndecan-1/CD138 immunohistochemistry staining for chronic endometritis diagnosis among patients with recurrent pregnancy loss. We evaluated the presence of endometrial stromal changes. Fifty-four patients with a history of at least two intrauterine pregnancy losses underwent diagnostic hysteroscopy in the follicular phase of the cycle wit...
Source: Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - February 12, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: K Klimaszyk K Bednarek-Rajewska H Svarrre Nielsen E Wender Ozegowska M Kedzia Source Type: research

Paeonol impacts ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis via modulating the transforming growth factor beta/smad3 signaling pathway
The objective of this study is to investigate the influence mechanism of paeonol on the proliferatory and apoptotic activities of ovarian cancer (OC) cells by modulating the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)/Smad3 pathway. The SKOV3 cells were pretreated with various concentrations of paeonol (0, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400 μg/mL) for 48 hours to determine the optimal experimental concentration of paeonol. Following this, the TGF-β overexpression vector was constructed and transfected into the SKOV3 cells. The assessment of cell proliferation, invasion, and migration was conducted through MTT, colony formation, flow cyt...
Source: Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - February 12, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: X M Chen C L Jia Z Y Zhu Source Type: research

The effect of curcumin on on intravitreal proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers, and vascular endothelial growth factor in an experimental model of diabetic retinopathy
This study aimed to investigate the impact of CUR on pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in an experimental model of DR. The study used Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) rats and divided them into groups to receive various CUR doses (10, 50, 100 mg/kg/day) or distilled water for four weeks. Non-diabetic Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used as a control group. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon gamma (IFN-γ)) (by ELISA), oxidative stress markers (superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA...
Source: Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - February 12, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: B Yao Z K Xin D Wang Source Type: research

Withaferin A alleviates inflammation and joint injury in arthritic rats via elevating microRNA-1297 to target karyopherin alpha2
J Physiol Pharmacol. 2023 Dec;74(6). doi: 10.26402/jpp.2023.6.08. Epub 2024 Feb 7.ABSTRACTWithaferin A (WFA) is a natural compound separated from the medicinal plant Withania somnifera. As reported, it has the potential to safely cure rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in animal models. Nevertheless, the action mechanism of WFA in treating RA has not been completely illuminated. The study was to explore the action and mechanism of WFA on arthritic rats. First, a collagen-induced arthritis rat model was established. WFA administration alleviated inflammation and injury in arthritic rats. Subsequently, fibroblast synovial cells (FLS)...
Source: Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - February 12, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: J D Sheng J Liu J W Du Y P Wang Source Type: research

Cryptanshinone extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza stimulates pediatric acute myeloid leukemia stem cell apoptosis and the anti-inflammatory mechanism via accelerating microRNA-211-5p to supress Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway activation
This study was designed to explore cryptanshinone (CPT) extract of Salvia miltiorrhiza stimulating pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) stem cell (LSC) apoptosis and anti-inflammatory mechanism via accelerating microRNA (miR)-211-5p to restrain Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathway activation. Obtaining blood samples from pediatric acute myeloid leukemia patients and healthy volunteers and detecting miR-211-5p and JAK2 were performed. Purchase of the human AML cell line KG1a was conducted, and sorting of KG1a cells was to gain LSC. Test of miR-211-5p and JAK2, the phosph...
Source: Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - February 12, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Q Ye L Ren Z M Jiang X Y Li G Y Wei Y F Ren L H Ren Source Type: research

Effect of indoxyl sulfate on the morphology and function of the thyroid gland - ex vivo studies in rabbits
This study determines the morpho-functional status of the thyroid gland after exposure to indoxyl sulfate (10, 25, and 50 mM) with the use of an ex vivo system and rabbit (n=10) as an experimental model thyroid gland histology, immunoexpression of thyrotropin receptor (TSHR), and concentrations of thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) were evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way analysis of the variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post hoc comparison test. Minor alterations in thyroid tissue structure e.g. very rare exfoliated epithelial cells, condensed colloid fluid, or slight loosening of the epi...
Source: Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - February 12, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: M Chmurska A Galuszka P Pawlicki M Zarzycka A Sechman A Grzegorzewska P Niedbala M Kotula-Balak Source Type: research

The role of the orexin (hypocretin) system in controlling energy homeostasis, endocrine system, and reproduction in pigs and other living organisms
J Physiol Pharmacol. 2023 Dec;74(6). doi: 10.26402/jpp.2023.6.01. Epub 2024 Feb 7.ABSTRACTOrexins A (OXA) and B (OXB) (hypocretin 1 and 2) are neuropeptides produced in the brain and peripheral tissues. Biological activities of orexins are mediated through activation of two G-protein coupled receptors termed as orexin 1 receptor (OX1R) and orexin 2 receptor (OX1R). Orexin system (OXA, OXB, OX1R, OX2R) was implicated in controlling sleep, energy expenditure, appetite, reproduction as well as metabolism and energy homeostasis. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge regarding the role of the orexin system in contr...
Source: Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - February 12, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: T Wojciechowicz M Rybska N Smolinska T Kaminski A Rak J Wlodarek K W Nowak M Skrzypski Source Type: research

Radial artery spasms impair invasive cardiological procedures' performance: a pharmacological approach to prevention and treatment
J Physiol Pharmacol. 2023 Dec;74(6). doi: 10.26402/jpp.2023.6.02. Epub 2024 Feb 7.ABSTRACTThe radial artery (RA) access is currently the gold standard to perform cardiovascular interventions. One of the more common limitations is radial artery spasm which is an often complication interrupting the procedure. Common risk factors associated with spasm include female gender, periprocedural anxiety, multiple puncture attempts, distal radial access, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking. The mechanism of spasm is complex and includes calmodulin and rho-kinase pathways leading to the smooth muscle contraction. Proper hydration, anx...
Source: Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - February 12, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: M Chyrchel J Roczniak A Surdacki Source Type: research

Transcriptional cofactor dyxin mediates hypertrophic response in the heart during angiotensin II-induced hypertension
J Physiol Pharmacol. 2023 Dec;74(6). doi: 10.26402/jpp.2023.6.03. Epub 2024 Feb 7.ABSTRACTDyxin is a LIM-domain containing transcriptional regulator protein shown to play a role in a hypertrophic response in the heart. Here, the effect of adenoviral dyxin overexpression was studied on cardiac function and gene expression in the normal heart and in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertension in rats. The adenovirus-mediated intramyocardial gene transfer of dyxin (1.5x109 infectious units/animal) was performed into the left ventricle (LV) of Sprague-Dawley rats with and without the Ang II (33 μg/kg/h) infusion, administere...
Source: Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - February 12, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: H Sakkinen H Luosujarvi T Karvonen E Mustonen A-M Moilanen J Aro J Napankangas H Ruskoaho J Rysa Source Type: research

Orphan nuclear receptor 4 A1 involvement in transforming growth factor beta1-induced myocardial fibrosis in diabetic mice
J Physiol Pharmacol. 2023 Dec;74(6). doi: 10.26402/jpp.2023.6.04. Epub 2024 Feb 7.ABSTRACTWe explored the involvement of orphan nuclear receptor 4 A1 (NR4A1) in myocardial fibrosis mediated by transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) and its response to cytosporone B (Csn-B). We developed a diabetic cardiomyopathy mouse model by administering a high-fat diet in conjunction with a low-dose streptozotocin injection. Our analysis involved monitoring alterations in blood glucose and lipid levels, cardiac function and structure, as well as profibrotic factors such as α smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), collagen I, collagen III, ...
Source: Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - February 12, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: M-F Ma Z-Y Chen L-J Wang N Li B-Y Guo Source Type: research

Significance of multiple myeloma oncogene 1 immunohistochemistry in chronic endometritis detection in patients with recurrent pregnancy losses: an observational study
J Physiol Pharmacol. 2023 Dec;74(6). doi: 10.26402/jpp.2023.6.05. Epub 2024 Feb 7.ABSTRACTThe most reliable chronic endometritis diagnosis is based on immunohistochemistry plasma cell identification in endometrial samples. Our study aimed to compare multiple myeloma oncogene 1 (MUM1) and syndecan-1/CD138 immunohistochemistry staining for chronic endometritis diagnosis among patients with recurrent pregnancy loss. We evaluated the presence of endometrial stromal changes. Fifty-four patients with a history of at least two intrauterine pregnancy losses underwent diagnostic hysteroscopy in the follicular phase of the cycle wit...
Source: Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology - February 12, 2024 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: K Klimaszyk K Bednarek-Rajewska H Svarrre Nielsen E Wender Ozegowska M Kedzia Source Type: research