Injecting drug use and hepatitis C virus infection independently increase biomarkers of inflammatory disease risk which are incompletely restored by curative direct-acting antiviral therapy
ConclusionElevated levels of inflammatory and chronic disease biomarkers in PWID suggest an increased risk of chronic morbidities such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease. HCV infection in PWID poses an additional disease burden, amplified by the incomplete reversal of immune dysfunction following DAA therapy. These findings highlight the need for heightened clinical surveillance of PWID for chronic inflammatory diseases, particularly those with a history of HCV infection. (Source: Frontiers in Immunology)
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - February 14, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
Cancers, Vol. 16, Pages 777: Review of Related Factors for Persistent Risk of Hepatitis B Virus-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma
ie-Won Hann
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is the largest global cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Current HBV treatment options include pegylated interferon-alpha and nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs), which have been shown to be effective in reducing HBV DNA levels to become undetectable. However, the literature has shown that some patients have persistent risk of developing HCC. The mechanism in which this occurs has not been fully elucidated. However, it has been discovered that HBV’s covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) integrates into the critical HCC driver genes in hepatocytes upo...
Source: Cancers - February 14, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Nevin Varghese Amry Majeed Suraj Nyalakonda Tina Boortalary Dina Halegoua-DeMarzio Hie-Won Hann Tags: Review Source Type: research
Risk of hepatitis B virus reactivation and its effect on survival in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy and lenvatinib plus programmed death receptor-1 inhibitors
ConclusionHBV reactivation may occur in HCC patients treated with HAIC and lenvatinib plus PD1s. Patients with HBV reactivation had shorter survival time compared with non-reactivation. Therefore, HBV-related HCC patients should undergo antiviral therapy and HBV-DNA monitoring before and during the combination treatment. (Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology)
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - February 13, 2024 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
Combined antiviral therapy as effective and feasible option in allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation during SARS-COV-2 infection: a case report
Here we describe the case of a 51 years old Italian woman with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who underwent to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) during SARS-COV-2 infection. She presented a prolonged COVID-19 successfully treated with dual anti SARS-COV-2 antiviral plus monoclonal antibody therapy. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - February 13, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Cerebellar encephalitis associated with anti-mGluR1 antibodies: a case report and comprehensive literature review
Anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 encephalitis is an uncommon autoimmune condition characterized by a subacute onset of cerebellar syndrome. Frequently, it also manifests as sleep disorders and cognitive or behavioral changes. While immunotherapy is the primary treatment approach, the disease remains poorly understood. Herein, we present a case of anti-metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 encephalitis, highlighting its primary cerebellar syndrome manifestation. The first magnetic resonance imaging scan showed no obvious abnormality. Lumbar puncture showed increased cerebrospinal fluid pressure, increased white blood cell...
Source: Frontiers in Neurology - February 12, 2024 Category: Neurology Source Type: research
HCV direct-acting antiviral therapy adherence in people who inject drugs
Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Published online: 12 February 2024; doi:10.1038/s41575-024-00905-4HCV direct-acting antiviral therapy adherence in people who inject drugs (Source: Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Hepatology)
Source: Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Hepatology - February 12, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Jordan Hindson Source Type: research
Should Indications for Antiviral Therapy for Hepatitis B Be Broadened to Include Immune-Tolerant Patients, Inactive Carriers, or Patients in the “Gray Zone”?
AbstractPurpose of ReviewCurrent antiviral therapy effectively suppresses hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication and improves the prognosis. It cannot cure HBV infection. Current clinical guidelines do not advocate universal treatment for all with chronic hepatitis B. However, recent studies are deliberating the expansion of treatment eligibility criteria to encompass those in immune-tolerant, inactive carrier, and gray zone statuses. This review examines the updated information regarding this issue.Recent FindingsFor immune-tolerant patients and patients in the gray zone, treatment eligibility might be considered for those w...
Source: Current Hepatitis Reports - February 12, 2024 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research
Effectiveness and Safety of Tenofovir Alafenamide Fumarate in the Prevention of Perinatal Hepatitis B Transmission: A Meta-Analysis
ConclusionsTAF antiviral therapy during pregnancy was found to be safe for both mothers and fetuses. (Source: Digestive Diseases and Sciences)
Source: Digestive Diseases and Sciences - February 10, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Source Type: research
Unilateral Acute Retinal Necrosis with Contralateral Non-necrotizing Herpetic Uveitis
CONCLUSION: Non-necrotizing herpetic uveitis may occur in the contralateral eye of unilateral ARN under rare conditions. Structure abnormities, including loss of RNFL and focal decreased retinal thickness, are irretrievable.PMID:38330153 | DOI:10.1080/09273948.2020.1860232 (Source: Ocular Immunology and Inflammation)
Source: Ocular Immunology and Inflammation - February 8, 2024 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Feng Hu Xiaoyan Peng Hong Wang Source Type: research
Diagnosis of primary vitreoretinal lymphoma masquerading infectious retinitis by retinal biopsy
Conclusions and importanceAlthough uncommon, patients with vitreoretinal lymphoma may masquerade as infectious retinitis, and vitreoretinal lymphoma should be suspected when refractory to antiviral therapy and in the setting of a negative workup for viral etiologies. Vitrectomy with retinal biopsy may be considered to aid the diagnosis of vitreoretinal lymphoma although careful consideration of the risks and benefits is warranted. (Source: Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection)
Source: Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection - February 7, 2024 Category: Opthalmology Source Type: research
Achieving complete remission in metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma with sintilimab plus sorafenib therapy followed by hepatic resection: a case report
ConclusionsThis case highlights the potential of combining sintilimab and sorafenib in transforming HCC with extrahepatic metastasis into a condition amenable to surgical resection, suggesting that this treatment approach, followed by surgery, may lead to complete remission. (Source: Frontiers in Oncology)
Source: Frontiers in Oncology - February 6, 2024 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research
Antiviral treatment standards for hepatitis B: An urgent need for expansion
World J Gastroenterol. 2024 Jan 28;30(4):418-420. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i4.418.ABSTRACTThe present letter to the editor is related to the review with the title "Past, present, and future of long-term treatment for hepatitis B virus." Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) represents an important and pressing public health concern. Timely identification and effective antiviral therapy hold the potential to reduce liver-related mortality attributable to chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) substantially. However, the current global treatment rates for CHB remain conspicuously low, with the excessively stringent treatment criteri...
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - February 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Zi-Hong Bao Zhi-Kun Dai Hao-Xian Tang Source Type: research
Antiviral treatment standards for hepatitis B: An urgent need for expansion
World J Gastroenterol. 2024 Jan 28;30(4):418-420. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i4.418.ABSTRACTThe present letter to the editor is related to the review with the title "Past, present, and future of long-term treatment for hepatitis B virus." Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) represents an important and pressing public health concern. Timely identification and effective antiviral therapy hold the potential to reduce liver-related mortality attributable to chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) substantially. However, the current global treatment rates for CHB remain conspicuously low, with the excessively stringent treatment criteri...
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology - February 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Zi-Hong Bao Zhi-Kun Dai Hao-Xian Tang Source Type: research
Antiviral treatment standards for hepatitis B: An urgent need for expansion
World J Gastroenterol. 2024 Jan 28;30(4):418-420. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i4.418.ABSTRACTThe present letter to the editor is related to the review with the title "Past, present, and future of long-term treatment for hepatitis B virus." Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) represents an important and pressing public health concern. Timely identification and effective antiviral therapy hold the potential to reduce liver-related mortality attributable to chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) substantially. However, the current global treatment rates for CHB remain conspicuously low, with the excessively stringent treatment criteri...
Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG - February 5, 2024 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Zi-Hong Bao Zhi-Kun Dai Hao-Xian Tang Source Type: research
