Investigating Convergent Cellular Phenotypes in Schizophrenia-Associated Copy Number Variants
The two strongest genetic risk factors for schizophrenia (SCZ) are copy number variants (CNVs) at 3q29 and 22q11.2. In addition to risk for SCZ, there is substantial overlap in the phenotypic spectra associated with these two CNV syndromes. This phenotypic convergence strongly implies some degree of convergence at underlying biological levels. Currently there has been no report of a direct comparison of biological mechanisms associated with the 22q11 and 3q29 deletions. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Ryan Purcell, Victor Faundez, Jennifer Mulle, Gary Bassell Source Type: research
Neuroanatomical and Behavioral Profiles in 3q29 Deletion Syndrome: An Integrative Investigation of Gene-Brain-Behavior Relationships
Among high-impact genomic variants associated with severe neurodevelopmental disorders, the 3q29 deletion (3q29Del) stands out, conferring a 40-100-fold elevated risk of schizophrenia, alongside a heightened susceptibility to autism, intellectual disability and ADHD. Despite growing knowledge of its clinical associations, its neurobiological consequences are largely unknown. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Esra Sefik, Ryan M. Guest, Kuaikuai Duan, Katrina Aberizk, Roberto Espana, Katrina Goines, Derek M. Novacek, Melissa M. Murphy, Adam E. Goldman-Yassen, Joseph F. Cubells, Stormi P. White, Celine A. Saulnier, Cheryl Klaiman, Longchuan Li, Elaine F. Walker, Source Type: research
Abnormal Neuronal Excitability and Excitatory Neurotransmission in a Human iPSC Model of 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome
In this study, we investigated the functional impact of 22q11.2 deletion on human cortical neurons using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) models. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jidong Guo, Weibo Niu, Bruce Cuthbert, Brett Henshey, Nicholas Massa, Opal Ousley, David Parker, Bradley Pearce, Elaine Walker, Joseph F. Cubells, Erica Duncan, Zhexing Wen Source Type: research
Heterogeneity as a Marker of Brain Function and Treatment Outcomes in Psychiatric Disorders
A growing body of research emphasizes the unique neurobiological variability which defines the critical differences in cognition and behavior across individuals. Recent work demonstrated that individual variability is greater in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD), autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and bipolar disorder. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Colin Hawco, Maria Teodora Secara, Julia Gallucci, Christin Schifani, Iska Moxon-Emre, George Foussias, James Gold, Anil Malhotra, Robert Buchanan, Daniel Blumberger, Stephanie Ameis, Aristotle Voineskos Source Type: research
Variability and Magnitude of Brain Glutamate Levels in Schizophrenia: A Meta and Mega-Analysis
Glutamatergic dysfunction is implicated in schizophrenia pathoaetiology, but this may vary in extent between patients. We examine whether patients exhibit greater variability in glutamate measures compared to controls and conduct an updated meta-analysis of glutamate differences. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Kate Merritt, Robert McCutcheon, Sarah Ashley, Anthony David, Bridget King, Philip McGuire, Alice Egerton, 1H-MRS in Schizophrenia Investigators Consortium Tags: Symposium Source Type: research
Enhanced Sensory Precision in Autism Spectrum Disorders and Schizophrenia
Recent theories propose that schizophrenia and ASD are related to impairments in Bayesian inference, i.e. in how the brain weighs sensory information relative to prior knowledge. However existing accounts fail to clarify how proposed theories differ in accounts of ASD vs. schizophrenia and whether the imbalance results from weaker priors or enhanced "sensory precision", a term also often ill-defined. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Peggy Series, Nikitas Angeletos Chrysaitis, Vincent Valton, Povilas Karvelis, Stephen Lawrie, Renaud Jardri Source Type: research
470. [15O]-Water PET Regional Cerebral Blood Flow During Rest in Men, Naturally-Cycling Women, and Women Using Oral Contraceptives
Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) is an index of neural function that exhibits robust sex differences, as well as abnormalities in several neuropsychiatric illnesses wherein sex differences occur, including schizophrenia. It is hypothesized that the observed sex differences in rCBF could reflect important brain-hormone interactions, but whether exogenous hormone manipulation via oral contraceptives (OCs) might modulate these differences remains unexplored. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Megan Spurney, Shau-Ming Wei, Daniel P. Eisenberg, Philip D. Kohn, Christina A. Recto, Isabel M. Wilder, Nathan S. Mann, Peter J. Schmidt, Karen F. Berman Source Type: research
466. Transient Divergences in Movie-Driven Brain State Dynamics in Schizophrenia are Characterized by High Social-Cognitive Load
Perception of naturalistic social scenes requires the dynamic interplay of many cortical systems, whose transient, synchronous activity may be observed as coactivation patterns (CAPs) or ‘brain states’. Here we examine precisely when schizophrenia participants (SzP), who have previously been reported to have social cognition deficits, are divergent from healthy controls (HC) in their brain state dynamics during movie viewing, and what sensory, semantic, and narrative features ar e associated with these divergences. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Daniel Vieira, Safia Mirza, Nicholas Foley, Jessica Lee, Gaurav Patel Source Type: research
464. Ketamine Disrupts Consciousness in Healthy Controls in Relation With Psychotic-Like Symptoms
In this study, we explore whether ketamine triggers psychotic-like symptoms in healthy controls through a disruption of conscious access. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Lucie Berkovitch, Alexandre Salvador, Thomas Andrillon, Stanislas Dehaene, Rapha ël Gaillard Source Type: research
463. Personalization and Network Specificity of Cerebellar TMS in Schizophrenia
Increasing evidence suggests that cerebellar iTBS may be effective as a treatment for symptoms of schizophrenia (Brady et al 2019). Cerebellar targeting is typically anatomical, not considering cerebellar functional organization. Critically, the cerebellum retains rich connectivity to non-motor regions of the brain, including the default, dorsal attention, frontoparietal control and ventral attention networks. We sought to assess cerebellar TMS magnetic field effect within individually defined networks of the cerebellum. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Emily Payne, Emma Joncas, Madelaine Nye, Roscoe Brady, Mark Halko Source Type: research
462. Meta-Analysis of Adjunctive Treatment Trials for Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia
Cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia (CIAS) typically persists despite treatment with best available medications for schizophrenia, which function by blocking dopamine D2 receptors. Clinical studies have evaluated the effects of multiple non-D2 compounds for adjunctive use for CIAS, but no approved compounds are yet available. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Shannon Peleg, Jayda Melnitsky, Megan Mayer, Tse-Hwei Choo, Daniel Javitt, Joshua Kantrowitz Source Type: research
460. Early Auditory-Evoked Gamma-Band Response: A Neurophysiological Marker of Inner Speech-Induced Sensory Attenuation?
Sensory attenuation can be measured as decreased auditory-evoked potentials in EEG recordings. It has been demonstrated in healthy subjects during inner speech, when an external sound is presented concurrently. However, this mechanism seems deficient in schizophrenia, indicative of cortical network dysfunction, necessitating the research of novel biomarkers of sensory attenuation. Therefore, we test the suitability of a biomarker candidate to measure sensory attenuation, the early auditory-evoked gamma-band response (EAGBR) that has shown deficits in schizophrenia. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Wadim Vodovozov, Thomas Whitford, Kevin Spencer Source Type: research
459. Reducing Errors in Clinical Trials: The Importance of Acknowledging Human Error and Improving Quality Control
Site of recruitment may impact clinical trial outcomes, as meta-regression suggests an increase in placebo, but not active response, with an increase in site number in schizophrenia clinical trials. This problem is often compounded by the decision to respond to recruitment delays by adding more sites, potentially at the expense of quality control. Thus, improving site quality control may improve safety, reduce errors, and prevent negative outcomes in large-scale clinical trials. Although it is impractical to eliminate human error, we present on organizational aspects important for an interventional research lab conducting ...
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Megan Mayer, Preetika Govil, Francesca Ricciardi, Jayda Melnitsky, Shannon Peleg, Joshua Kantrowitz Source Type: research
457. The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Group Psychotherapy on Biological and Psychological Stress Parameters in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
Recent studies have shown positive effects of mindfulness-based interventions on stress in healthy individuals. According to the literature besides cortisol also oxytocin levels can function as biological stress parameters. The interplay between mindfulness, stress and the oxytocinergic system in SSD has yet to be investigated. This exploratory study examines the impact of mindfulness-based group therapy (MBGT) on biological stress parameters as OXT and cortisol levels and psychological stress parameters. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Marco Zierhut, Niklas Bergmann, Inge Hahne, Julia Kraft, Alice Braun, Josefa Wohlthan, Ingmar Conell, Thi Minh Tam Ta, Malek Bajbouj, Neil Thomas, Paul Chadwick, Stephan Ripke, Eric Hahn, Kerem B öge Source Type: research
456. White Matter Integrity and Symptom Severity in People With Schizophrenia
Reduced global white matter integrity is well documented in people with schizophrenia, but regional findings are inconsistent and relevance to symptom profiles is unclear. We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to quantify fractional anisotropy (FA) of regional white matter tracts and tested for differences between people with schizophrenia and healthy volunteers (HV). We further examined whether alterations in FA were associated with symptom severity in patients with schizophrenia. (Source: Biological Psychiatry)
Source: Biological Psychiatry - April 29, 2024 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Anne Ilsley, Tiffany A. Nash, Daniel P. Eisenberg, Michael D. Gregory, Destiny S. Wright, Ariana S. Chavannes, Nathan S. Mann, Cosette A. Rhoads, Brad Zoltick, Saumitra Das, Karen F. Berman Source Type: research
