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Drug: Insulin
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Total 38796 results found since Jan 2013.
Adipocyte glucocorticoid receptor inhibits immune regulatory genes to maintain immune cell homeostasis in adipose tissue
Endocrinology. 2023 Sep 20:bqad143. doi: 10.1210/endocr/bqad143. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGlucocorticoids acting via the glucocorticoid receptors (GR) are key regulators of metabolism and the stress response. However, uncontrolled or excessive GR signaling adversely affects adipose tissue, including endocrine, immune, and metabolic functions. Inflammation of the adipose tissue promotes systemic metabolic dysfunction; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of adipocyte GR in regulating genes associated with adipose tissue inflammation are poorly understood. We performed in vivo studies using adipocyte sp...
Source: Endocrinology - September 22, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Shripa Amatya Dylan Tietje-Mckinney Schaefer Mueller Maria G Petrillo Matthew D Woolard Sushma Bharrhan A Wayne Orr Christopher G Kevil John A Cidlowski Diana Cruz-Topete Source Type: research
Effects of < em > Aeriscardovia aeriphila < /em > on growth performance, antioxidant functions, immune responses, and gut microbiota in broiler chickens
In conclusion, oral administration of A. aeriphila could improve the growth performance, serum antioxidant capacity, immune modulation, and gut health of broilers. Our findings may provide important information for the application of A. aeriphila in poultry production.PMID:37735944 | DOI:10.1631/jzus.B2200621
Source: J Zhejiang Univ Sci ... - September 22, 2023 Category: Science Authors: Muhammad Zahid Farooq Xinkai Wang Xianghua Yan Source Type: research
Effects and action mechanisms of individual cytokines contained in PRP on osteoarthritis
J Orthop Surg Res. 2023 Sep 22;18(1):713. doi: 10.1186/s13018-023-04119-3.ABSTRACTOsteoarthritis (OA) is defined as a degenerative joint disease that can affect all tissues of the joint, including the articular cartilage, subchondral bone, ligaments capsule, and synovial membrane. The conventional nonoperative treatments are ineffective for cartilage repair and induce only symptomatic relief. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a platelet concentrate derived from autologous whole blood with a high concentration of platelets, which can exert anti-inflammatory and regenerative effects by releasing multiple growth factors and cytok...
Source: Cell Research - September 22, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Zhengchao Wang Pengfei Zhu Bokai Liao Hongbo You Yu Cai Source Type: research
Defective insulin-stimulated equilibrative nucleoside transporter-2 activity and altered subcellular transporter distribution drive the loss of adenosine homeostasis in diabetic kidney disease progression
CONCLUSION: Deficient insulin regulation of ENT2 activity contributes to chronically high adenosine levels and glomerular alterations that underline diabetic kidney disease progression.PMID:37734469 | DOI:10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166890
Source: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - September 21, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Raibel Suarez Carolina Villarreal Yessica Nahuelp án Claudia Jara Carlos Oyarz ún Sebasti án Alarcón Montserrat M D íaz-Encarnación Elena Guill én-Gómez Claudia Quezada Rody San Mart ín Source Type: research
A population-based study on hyperinsulinaemia and arterial stiffness in men with and without abdominal aortic aneurysm
CONCLUSION: In this population-based study hyperinsulinaemia as a marker of insulin resistance, but not hyperglycaemia or aortic stiffness, was associated with AAA and abdominal aortic diameter in 65-year-old men.PMID:37731907 | PMC:PMC10508446 | DOI:10.1097/XCE.0000000000000290
Source: Atherosclerosis - September 21, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Shahab Fatemi Stefan Acosta Moncef Zarrouk Peter M Nilsson Anders Gotts äter Source Type: research
Temporal optimization of exercise to lower fasting glucose levels
This study examined the effect of exercise timing on evening and overnight glucose concentrations in individuals who were non-obese with normal fasting glucose levels (Non-Ob; n = 18) and individuals with obesity (OB) with impaired fasting glucose levels (OB+IFG) and without (n = 16 and n = 18, respectively). Subjects were studied on three occasions (no exercise (NOEX)), morning exercise (AMEX; 0700 h) and evening exercise (PMEX; 2000 h). The evening meal was provided (1800 h) and blood samples were taken from 1740 to 0700 h and morning endogenous glucose production (EGP) was measured. Glucose and insulin concentrations in...
Source: The Journal of Physiology - September 21, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Jill A Kanaley J W Porter N C Winn G Lastra A Chockalingam R J Pettit-Mee G F Petroski C Cobelli M Schiavon E J Parks Source Type: research
A population-based study on hyperinsulinaemia and arterial stiffness in men with and without abdominal aortic aneurysm
CONCLUSION: In this population-based study hyperinsulinaemia as a marker of insulin resistance, but not hyperglycaemia or aortic stiffness, was associated with AAA and abdominal aortic diameter in 65-year-old men.PMID:37731907 | PMC:PMC10508446 | DOI:10.1097/XCE.0000000000000290
Source: Atherosclerosis - September 21, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Shahab Fatemi Stefan Acosta Moncef Zarrouk Peter M Nilsson Anders Gotts äter Source Type: research
D-pinitol ameliorated H < sub > 2 < /sub > O < sub > 2 < /sub > -induced oxidative damage in PC12 cells and prolonged the lifespan by IIS pathway in Caenorhabditis elegans
In this study, we intended to explore the anti-aging mechanism of DP, utilizing computer modeling techniques. The results demonstrated that DP significantly delayed H2O2-induced cellular senescence. Model PC12 cells treated with DP exhibited increased cell viability, increased antioxidant enzyme activity (SOD, CAT), and reduced ROS and MDA levels. Furthermore, DP was discovered to have a positive effect on healthy longevity. In C. elegans, DP treatment enhanced lifespan, stress capacity, antioxidant capacity (T-SOD/CAT/GSH-Px/MDA/ROS), and altered aging-related indicators of lipofuscin accumulation, pharyngeal pump rate, m...
Source: Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology and pharmacology : CBP - September 21, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Miaosi Zhang Zhe Xu Liangyong Shao Jilite Wang Zouyan He Yumei Jiang Ye Zhang Hao Wang Source Type: research
Brown adipocyte mineralocorticoid receptor deficiency impairs metabolic regulation in diet-induced obese mice
J Lipid Res. 2023 Sep 19:100449. doi: 10.1016/j.jlr.2023.100449. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTActivation of brown adipose tissue (BAT) contributes to energy dissipation and metabolic health. Although mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) antagonists have been demonstrated to improve metabolism under obesity, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. We aimed to evaluate the role of BAT MR in metabolic regulation. After 8 weeks of high fat diet (HFD) feeding, BAT MR knockout (BMRKO) mice manifested significantly increased body weight, fat mass, serum fasting glucose and impaired glucose homeostasis compared to li...
Source: Cell Research - September 21, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Chu-Mao Chen Xiao-Qian Meng Hong Zhu Ting Liu Yuan Liu Lu-Jun Zhou Guo-Dong Zhu Xiao-Bei Chen Xu-Guang Guo Sheng-Zhong Duan Source Type: research
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Pancreatic β-Cells Induces Incretin Desensitization and β-Cell Dysfunction via ATF4-Mediated PDE4D Expression
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Sep 20. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00156.2023. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPancreatic β-cell dysfunction and eventual loss are key steps in the progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress responses, especially those mediated by the PERK-ATF4 pathway, have been implicated in promoting these β-cell pathologies. However, the exact molecular events surrounding the role of the PERK-ATF4 pathway in β-cell dysfunction remain unknown. Here, we report our discovery that ATF4 promotes the expression of PDE4D, which disrupts β-cell function via a downregulation of cAMP s...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - September 20, 2023 Category: Physiology Authors: Ji-Hye Lee Hanguk Ryu Hyejin Lee Hye Ram Yu Yurong Gao Kyeong-Min Lee Young-Joon Kim Jaemin Lee Source Type: research
Combination of an ACLY inhibitor with a GLP-1R agonist exerts additive benefits on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and hepatic fibrosis in mice
Cell Rep Med. 2023 Sep 19;4(9):101193. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101193.ABSTRACTIncreased liver de novo lipogenesis (DNL) is a hallmark of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). A key enzyme controlling DNL upregulated in NASH is ATP citrate lyase (ACLY). In mice, inhibition of ACLY reduces liver steatosis, ballooning, and fibrosis and inhibits activation of hepatic stellate cells. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists lower body mass, insulin resistance, and steatosis without improving fibrosis. Here, we find that combining an inhibitor of liver ACLY, bempedoic acid, and the GLP-1R agonist liraglutide reduces li...
Source: Atherosclerosis - September 20, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Eric M Desjardins Jianhan Wu Declan C T Lavoie Elham Ahmadi Logan K Townsend Marisa R Morrow Dongdong Wang Evangelia E Tsakiridis Battsetseg Batchuluun Russta Fayyazi Jacek M Kwiecien Theodoros Tsakiridis James S V Lally Guillaume Par é Stephen L Pinkosk Source Type: research
Diabetes Mellitus Drug Discovery: Insights into Targeting Feline and Human Amylin with Small Molecules
Vet Q. 2023 Sep 20:1-20. doi: 10.1080/01652176.2023.2260442. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTType 2 diabetes (T2D) is a health concern for both humans and cats, with cases rising over the past decade. Around 70% of patients from either species exhibit pancreatic aggregates of islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP), a protein that proves toxic upon misfolding. These misfolded protein aggregates congregate in the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas, diminishing the capability of β-cells to produce insulin and further perpetuating disease. Our team's drug discovery program is investigating newly synthesized compounds that could dim...
Source: Veterinary Quarterly - September 20, 2023 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Kendall B E Moore Natalie G Horgan Brooke Lenters Jessica S Fortin Source Type: research
Are menstrual disorders in adolescent girls related to metabolic disorders?
CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent girls with menstrual disorders are insulin resistant, regardless of PCOS diagnosis. The severity of menstrual disorders may be related to the incidence of lipid disorders in adolescent girls.PMID:37728458 | DOI:10.5114/pedm.2023.125364
Source: Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism - September 20, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Authors: El żbieta Foryś Adrianna Baran Aleksandra Dziurdzia Ewelina Jarosz-W ójcik Pawe ł Matusik Aneta Gawlik Ryszard Tomaszewski Agnieszka Zachurzok Source Type: research
Macrophage-associated markers of metaflammation are linked to metabolic dysfunction in pediatric obesity
CONCLUSION: MAFLD and other metabolic disorders in pediatric patients with obesity are associated with an elevation of adipose tissue macrophage-related inflammation markers.PMID:37729736 | DOI:10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156372
Source: Cytokine - September 20, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Julia Lischka Andrea Schanzer Charlotte de Gier Susanne Greber-Platzer Maximilian Zeyda Source Type: research
Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B is a regulator of alpha-actinin4 in the glomerular podocyte
This study aims to uncover novel substrates of PTP1B in podocytes and validate a leading candidate. To this end, using substrate-trapping and mass spectroscopy, we identified putative substrates of this phosphatase and investigated the actin cross-linking cytoskeletal protein alpha-actinin4. PTP1B and alpha-actinin4 co-localized in murine and human glomeruli and transiently transfected E11 podocyte cells. Additionally, podocyte PTP1B deficiency in vivo and culture was associated with elevated tyrosine phosphorylation of alpha-actinin4. Conversely, reconstitution of the knockdown cells with PTP1B attenuated alpha-actinin4 t...
Source: Cell Research - September 20, 2023 Category: Cytology Authors: Ming-Fo Hsu Yoshihiro Ito Jai Prakash Singh Shu-Fang Hsu Alan Wells Kuang-Yu Jen Tzu-Ching Meng Fawaz G Haj Source Type: research
