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Condition: Multiple Sclerosis

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Total 1656 results found since Jan 2013.

Randomized Controlled Trial of CI Therapy for Progressive MS: Increased Real-World Function and Neuroplasticity on MRI (I7-1.008)
CONCLUSIONS: CI therapy appears to be efficacious for improving real-world arm use in progressive hemiparetic MS and significantly increases cortical grey matter structural plasticity. Together, these findings suggest that CI therapy, but not CAM, can counteract the progressive functional loss and CNS degeneration of progressive MS.Supported by: National MS Society grant RG 4221 and NIH grant HD061767.Disclosure: Dr. Mark has nothing to disclose. Dr. Taub has nothing to disclose. Dr. Uswatte has nothing to disclose. Dr. Cutter has received personal compensation for activities with Sanofi-Aventis Pharmaceuticals Inc., Cleve...
Source: Neurology - April 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Mark, V., Taub, E., Uswatte, G., Cutter, G., Morris, D., McKay, S., Bowman, M., Haddad, M., Rickards, T., Sterling, C. Tags: Emerging Therapeutic Advances in Multiple Sclerosis Poster Presentations Source Type: research

Multiple sclerosis clinical course and cardiovascular disease risk – Swedish cohort study
ConclusionsThere is a significantly increased relative risk for CVD in MS, particularly for venous thromboembolic disorders in progressive MS, suggesting immobility as a possible factor. An increased frequency of ischaemic stroke in MS is most probably due to surveillance bias resulting from diagnostic investigations for MS. There is no increased relative risk for ischaemic heart disease in MS and atrial fibrillation appears to be less common than amongst the general population.
Source: European Journal of Neurology - July 16, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: H. Roshanisefat, S. Bahmanyar, J. Hillert, T. Olsson, S. Montgomery Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Potential in Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases.
Abstract Mesenchymal Stem Cells or Marrow Stromal Cells (MSCs) have long been viewed as a potent tool for regenerative cell therapy. MSCs are easily accessible from both healthy donor and patient tissue and expandable in vitro on a therapeutic scale without posing significant ethical or procedural problems. MSC based therapies have proven to be effective in preclinical studies for graft versus host disease, stroke, myocardial infarction, pulmonary fibrosis, autoimmune disorders and many other conditions and are currently undergoing clinical trials at a number of centers all over the world. MSCs are also being exte...
Source: Current Stem Cell Research and Therapy - September 22, 2014 Category: Stem Cells Authors: Tanna T, Sachan V Tags: Curr Stem Cell Res Ther Source Type: research

Burden and cost of neurological diseases: a European North–South comparison
ConclusionsHealth expenditure, YLDs, costs and prevalence of neurological conditions were generally not correlated across the eight countries. A clear North–South gradient was found for health expenditures, and partially for YLDs, costs and diseases' prevalence. We hypothesized that this is a consequence of the expansion of morbidity of neurological conditions connected to ageing, that health and welfare systems of selected countries were not prepared to face.
Source: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica - October 23, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: A. Raggi, M. Leonardi Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Statins in neurological disorders: An overview and update
Publication date: October 2014 Source:Pharmacological Research, Volume 88 Author(s): Anna Maria Malfitano , Giuseppe Marasco , Maria Chiara Proto , Chiara Laezza , Patrizia Gazzerro , Maurizio Bifulco Statins have, at present, the potential to provide a new therapeutic target for various neurological diseases. It is well established that statins reduce cholesterol levels and prevent coronary heart disease. Moreover, evidence suggest that statins have additional properties such as endothelial protection via action on the nitric oxide synthase system as well as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet effects. Thes...
Source: Pharmacological Research - November 6, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

From Chemotherapy-Induced Emesis to Neuroprotection: Therapeutic Opportunities for 5-HT 3 Receptor Antagonists
Abstract 5-HT3 receptor antagonists are extensively used as efficacious agents in counteracting chemotherapy-induced emesis. Recent investigations have shed light on other potential effects (analgesic, anxiolytic, and anti-psychotic). Some studies have reported neuroprotective properties for the 5-HT3 receptor antagonists in vitro and in vivo. When administered to Aβ-challenged rat cortical neurons, 5-HT3 receptor antagonists substantially abated apoptosis, elevation of cytosolic Ca2, glutamate release, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and caspase-3 activity. In addition, in vivo studies show that 5-HT3 ...
Source: Molecular Neurobiology - November 7, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Physical training for neurological and mental diseases.
CONCLUSION: The concerted integration of physical exercise into prophylactic and therapeutic interventions can lower the burden of neurological and mental diseases; however, scientific evidence is still lacking concerning the optimal duration, type, and intensity as well as potential risks of physical exercise. PMID: 25380564 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Der Nervenarzt - November 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Henkel K, Reimers CD, Knapp G, Schneider F Tags: Nervenarzt Source Type: research

The effects of aquatic therapy on mobility of individuals with neurological diseases: A systematic review.
CONCLUSION: Our synthesis showed "fair" evidence supporting the use of aquatic therapy to improve dynamic balance and gait speed in adults with certain neurological conditions. PMID: 25394397 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Rehabilitation - November 13, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Marinho-Buzelli AR, Bonnyman AM, Verrier MC Tags: Clin Rehabil Source Type: research

Assessment of upper extremity function in multiple sclerosis: review and opinion.
Authors: Kraft GH, Amtmann D, Susan E B, Finlayson M, Sutliff MH, Tullman M, Sidovar M, Rabinowicz AL Abstract Upper extremity (UE) dysfunction may be present in up to ~80% of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS), although its importance may be under-recognized relative to walking impairment, which is the hallmark symptom of MS. Upper extremity dysfunction affects independence and can impact the ability to use walking aids. Under-recognition of UE dysfunction may result in part from limited availability of performance-based and patient self-report measures that are validated for use in MS and that can be readil...
Source: Postgraduate Medicine - November 28, 2014 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Postgrad Med Source Type: research

The CNS under pathophysiologic attack-examining the role of K2P channels.
Abstract Members of the two-pore domain K(+) channel (K2P) family are increasingly recognized as being potential targets for therapeutic drugs and could play a role in the diagnosis and treatment of neurologic disorders. Their broad and diverse expression pattern in pleiotropic cell types, importance in cellular function, unique biophysical properties, and sensitivity toward pathophysiologic parameters represent the basis for their involvement in disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). This review will focus on multiple sclerosis (MS) and stroke, as there is growing evidence for the involvement of K2P chann...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - December 9, 2014 Category: Physiology Authors: Ehling P, Cerina M, Budde T, Meuth SG, Bittner S Tags: Pflugers Arch Source Type: research

Animal assisted interventions in neurorehabilitation: a review of the most recent literature
Conclusion These interventions, performed with highly specialised animals in very specific neurological populations, deliver an increasing body of scientific evidence suggesting that they are an effective complement to other existing therapies. In these diseases, further high-quality studies are warranted in order to define the most appropriate programmes for therapy.
Source: Neurologia - December 19, 2014 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

Alexithymia in Neurological Disease: A Review.
Conclusions: Identification of alexithymia could be relevant for prognosis and therapeutic decisions in patients with neurological disease and is certainly worthy of further study. Tools with which to measure alexithymia and delineation from affective disorders and apathy are important methodological issues for future work. PMID: 25658681 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences - February 8, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Tags: J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci Source Type: research

Robotic-Assisted Gait Training in Neurological Patients: Who May Benefit?
Abstract Regaining one's ability to walk is of great importance for neurological patients and is a major goal of all rehabilitation programs. Gait training of severely affected patients after the neurological event is technically difficult because of their motor weakness and balance disturbances. An innovative locomotor training that incorporates high repetitions of task-oriented practice by the use of body weight-supported treadmill training (BWSTT) was developed to overcome these obstacles. To facilitate the delivery of BWSTT, a motorized robotic driven gait orthosis (robotic-assisted gait training-RAGT) was dev...
Source: Annals of Biomedical Engineering - February 28, 2015 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Schwartz I, Meiner Z Tags: Ann Biomed Eng Source Type: research

Dimethyl fumarate attenuates cerebral edema formation by protecting the blood-brain barrier integrity.
Abstract Brain edema is a hallmark of various neuropathologies, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. We aim to characterize how tissue hypoxia, together with oxidative stress and inflammation, leads to capillary dysfunction and breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In a mouse stroke model we show that systemic treatment with dimethyl fumarate (DMF), an antioxidant drug clinically used for psoriasis and multiple sclerosis, significantly prevented edema formation in vivo. Indeed, DMF stabilized the BBB by preventing disruption of interendothelial tight junctions and gap formation, and decreased...
Source: Experimental Neurology - February 25, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Kunze R, Urrutia A, Hoffmann A, Liu H, Helluy X, Pham M, Reischl S, Korff T, Marti HH Tags: Exp Neurol Source Type: research

Nutritional or pharmacological activation of HCA2 ameliorates neuroinflammation.
Abstract Neuroinflammation is a pathology common to many neurological diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and stroke. However, therapeutic attempts to modulate neuroinflammation have proved difficult. Neuroinflammatory cells express HCA2, a receptor for the endogenous neuroprotective ketone body β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) as well as for the drugs dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and nicotinic acid, which have established efficacy in the treatment of MS and experimental stroke, respectively. This review summarizes the evidence that HCA2 is involved in the therapeutic effects of DMF, nicotinic acid, and ketone bodies i...
Source: Trends in Molecular Medicine - March 9, 2015 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Offermanns S, Schwaninger M Tags: Trends Mol Med Source Type: research