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Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation

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Total 298 results found since Jan 2013.

The application of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with traditional physical therapy to address upper limb function in chronic stroke: A case study
Stroke recovery happens through neuroplasticity, which is highly influenced by environment, including neuro-rehabilitation. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) may enhance recovery by modulating neuroplasticity. With tDCS, weak direct currents are applied noninvasively to modify excitability in the cortical areas under its electrodes. Combined with functional activities, this may facilitate motor recovery in neurologic disorders such as stroke.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: N. Hoseini, M. Eikenberry, H. Block Source Type: research

A multimodal approach to understand upper-limb motor impairment after stroke in subacute and chronic phases
Purpose: Accumulated evidence supports motor evoked potential (MEP) status and neuroimaging measures of corticospinal tract (CST) integrity as useful biomarkers for understanding upper-limb motor outcome. Our aim was to determine which biomarkers among electrophysiological and MRI variables can accurately explain the motor impairment in subacute and chronic stroke patients.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: C. Kemlin, E. Moulton, M. Houot, S. Medhi, J. Lamy, C. Rosso Source Type: research

Different Modulation Mechanisms on Functional Motor Network between High and Low Frequency rTMS in Stroke Patients with Motor Dysfunction
Objective: To investigate the differences of the therapeutic effects and influence on motor functional network between high and low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in stroke patients by using the resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI).
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: Q. Mu, Z. Guo, C. Yang Source Type: research

The effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation during repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation before repetitive facilitation exercise on the hemiparetic hand in chronic stroke patients
Objective: Repetitive facilitative exercise (RFE) is a combination of high repetition rate and neurofacilitation. It is a recently developed approach to the rehabilitation of limb impairment in stroke patients. On the other hand, the effects of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) combined with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on functional recovery of hemiparetic upper limb remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether NMES facilitated the effect of rTMS and RFE on the function of hemiparetic hand in stroke patients.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: S. Etoh, K. Kawamura, K. Tomonaga, S. Miura, S. Harada, S. Kikuno, M. Ueno, R. Miyata, M. Shimodozono Source Type: research

Extremely low frequency magnetic fields as neuroprotective treatment in acute ischemic stroke
Introduction and aims: Extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) could be an alternative neuroprotective approach for ischemic stroke because preclinical studies have demonstrated their effects on the mechanisms underlying ischemic damage. In this open-label, one arm, dose-escalation, exploratory study we evaluated the safety and tolerability of ELF-MF in acute ischemic stroke.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: F. Capone, M. Liberti, F. Apollonio, F. Camera, C. Quattrocchi, M. Francesco, V. Di Lazzaro Source Type: research

Combining Transcutaneous Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Upper-Limb Robotic Rehabilitation in Chronic Stroke Patients
Introduction And Aims: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a promising approach for enhancing rehabilitation effects in stroke patients, but the invasiveness of this technique reduces its clinical application. Recently, a non-invasive technique for stimulating vagus nerve has been developed. We evaluated safety, feasibility, and efficacy of noninvasive VNS combined with robotic rehabilitation for improving upper limb functionality in chronic stroke.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: F. Capone, S. Miccininilli, G. Pellegrino, L. Zollo, E. Guglielmelli, S. Sterzi, V. Di Lazzaro Source Type: research

Vagus Nerve Stimulation as a Strategy to Augment Stroke Rehabilitation
Neural plasticity supports recovery after neurological injury. Strategies that enhance adaptive neural plasticity in conjunction with rehabilitation hold promise to substantially improve recovery of motor and sensory function after neurological damage. We have developed an innovative method using brief bursts of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) paired with rehabilitative training to enhance plasticity in motor circuits. VNS drives phasic activation of plasticity-enhancing neuromodulatory systems which augment rehabilitation-dependent plasticity.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: S. Hays Source Type: research

Understanding and modulating walking recovery post stroke
Gait speed is an important determinant of walking recovery, and descending corticomotor control is a significant contributor to gait recovery poststroke. Several studies have shown that the presence or absence of a transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) –induced motor evoked potential (MEP) is related to upper limb functional recovery in acute and chronic stroke. However, conflicting information regarding MEP responses and walking outcomes exist. In this symposium, I will review studies that have examined the contribution of the ipsilesional and contralesional hemisphere to walking recovery.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: S. Madhavan Source Type: research

Use of human invasive SEEG and non-invasive EEG recordingsin vivo towards tDCS dose individualization
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a type of non-invasive neuromodulatory rehabilitative therapy that has been the focus of many recent studies in a variety of disease conditions, e.g., stroke, spinal cord injury (SCI), depression, etc. However, one hurdle for success is the variability in behavioral outcomes across different subjects. One reason for such inter-individual variability is differences in tDCS-generated electric fields (EF) inside the brain of each subject and thus the resulting tDCS-modulated neural activity.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: P. Chhatbar, J. Halford, W. Vandergrift, Y. Zhang, W. Feng, M. George, S. Kautz Source Type: research

Cerebellar rTMS to promote motor recovery in hemiparetic stroke patients: a double blind sham controlled randomized controlled trial
The cerebellum is known to be strongly implicated in the functional reorganization of motor networks in stroke patients, especially for gait and balance functions. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the cerebellum can be used to enhance these adaptive processes in stroke recovery.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: G. Koch, S. Bonn ì, E. Casula, M. Pellicciari, M. Maiella, F. Sallustio, C. Caltagirone Source Type: research

Insights from rodent stroke models
Ischemic injuries within the motor cortex results in functional deficits that profoundly impact activities of daily living in patients. Current rehabilitation protocols achieve only limited recovery of motor abilities. The brain reorganizes spontaneously after injury, and it is believed that appropriately boosting these neuroplastic processes may restore function via recruitment of spared areas and pathways. In this presentation, I will describe our recent work on novel experimental therapies for the recovery of motor function in a mouse model of focal stroke.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: M. Caleo, C. Spalletti, C. Alia Source Type: research

Motor control in stroke
: Most recovery from motor impairment after stroke occurs early, and is largely complete by 3-6 months. Data from human studies suggests that this recovery of motor impairment occurs independently of rehabilitation interventions, which often target functional activities that rely on compensatory strategies. Motor impairment can further be dissected into strength and motor control using kinematic tasks that minimize contributions of strength. In a longitudinal study, upper limb motor impairment was tracked over the first year after ischemic stroke.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: T. Kitago Source Type: research

Towards multi-focal orhcestrated neuromoduation to enhance recovery
Motor stroke, although defined by its single focal lesion in the motor system, is a network disorder with significant functional and structural changes within the large bilateral motor network involved in the implementation of movements (Koch&Hummel, 2017). During the recovery process there is also significant reorganization within the motor cortical network depending on the site and size of the lesions and the phase of the recovery process from the acute to the chronic stage. In the present presentation, structural and functional changes relevant for the process of functional reorganization and recovery will be discussed ...
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: F. Hummel Source Type: research

Cerebellar low-intensity focused ultrasound stimulation can normalize asymmetrical hemispheric delta power after mouse ischemic stroke
Introduction: Functional asymmetry between lesioned and non-lesioned hemispheres after unilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke could be indicative of cerebral pathophysiology. We propose a low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) can non-invasively stimulate the deep cerebellar nuclei and induce plasticity for reestablishing the balance between two cerebral hemispheres.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: H. Baek, A. Sariev, S. Dong, S. Royer, H. Kim Source Type: research

Imaging brain plasticity in stroke patients with simultaneous paired associative stimulation PAS /fMRI
Introduction: Paired associative stimulation (PAS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique where two neural substrates are employed in a temporally coordinated manner in order to modulate cortico-motor excitability, typically within the motor cortex (M1). PAS effects are easiest to study in the motor system, although others have examined PAS with EEG and other techniques in non-motor areas. Here, we aimed to investigate brain connectivity changes during PAS treatment using interleaved PAS/functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in stroke patients compared to healthy controls.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - January 22, 2019 Category: Neurology Authors: X. Li, M. George, W. Feng, T. Brown, M. Woodbury, S. Kautz Source Type: research