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Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation

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Total 298 results found since Jan 2013.

Non-invasive neuromodulation trials in children: Lessons from perinatal stroke
Introduction: Therapeutic applications of non-invasive brain stimulation are rapidly expanding. Principles are increasingly established, including directional modulation of informed cortical targets, facilitating clinical trial design. The worry is that the high prevalence of burdensome diseases with limited treatment options coupled with unchecked enthusiasm may be allowing trial applications to get ahead of rationale evidence. Concern is even greater in the developing brain where experience is limited and additional issues merit consideration.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: A. Kirton Source Type: research

Does the presence of a TMS-evoked MEP predict walking speeds in individuals with chronic stroke?
Background: Motor evoked potentials (MEPs), elicited with single pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), provide a quantification of corticomotor excitability and is used to preditc motor recovery. It is unknown whether the presence or absence of lower limb MEPs are predictors of gait speed post stroke. The main purpose of this study was to determine whether the presence of a MEP is associated with recovery of gait speed and walking reserve in individuals with chronic stroke.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: S. Madhavan, M. Yerrapothu, A. Williams, A. Gradowska Source Type: research

Enhancing low-frequency oscillations using on-demand direct-current stimulation improves motor function after stroke
Introduction: 50% of strokesurvivors continue to have chronic motor deficits when tracked up to 5 years later, with limited therapeutic options available. One novel approach for treating these patients is to design a chronic neural-interface that could deliver stimulation optimally timed to improve the neural circuits associated with skilled actions.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: D.S. Ramanathan, L. Guo, T. Gulati, S.J. Won, G. Davidson, A. Hishinuma, K. Ganguly Source Type: research

Motor cortical reorganization and clinical outcomes after stroke: a longitudinal TMS/EEG evaluation
Introduction: Since early days after stroke, the brain undergoes a complex reorganization to allow compensatory mechanisms that promote functional recovery. Characterizing specific neurophysiological markers of motor recovery after stroke could improve clinical decision making. Our study aimed to track the time-course of motor cortical reorganization in a stroke patients group, and to individuate the neurophysiological markers associated to clinical outcome.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: M.C. Pellicciari, S. Bonn ì, A. Martino Cinnera, V. Ponzo, E. Casula, G. Koch Source Type: research

Left unilateral ultrabrief ECT in a patient with Cerebral Aneurysms and right side stoke
Introduction: To evaluate safety and efficacy of a left unilateral ultrabrief (LU-UB) ECT treatment for patient with 2 repaired brain aneurysms and right side encephalomalacia secondary to right side ischemic stroke.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: A.Z. Elmaadawi, S. Mashaly, S. Nasr Source Type: research

Effects of rTMS based on brain activation during language performance in stroke patients with non-fluent Aphasia (Pilot Study)
Introduction: In post-stroke aphasia rehabilitation, repetitive transcranial stimulation (rTMS) aimed to reinforce the activity of the brain regions in the left hemisphere. Most conventional rTMS studies employed an inhibitory low frequency protocol for the contralesional homologs of Broca's area. In the present pilot study, we performed functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) prior to excitatory rTMS treatment for selection of the most appropriate application of stimulation. The purpose of this study is to assess the safety and clinical efficacy of high frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation based on...
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: B.S. Kwon, N.-J. Paik, W.-S. Kim, J.-H. Park, S. Kwon Source Type: research

Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation combined with treadmill training on functional mobility in stroke survivors
Introduction: Compromised gait is an important functional limitation among stroke survivors. Treadmill training is used to improve the gait pattern in this population. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can easily be combined with motor training and is believed to potentiate gains achieved during the rehabilitation process.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: A.J.L. Dumont, R.D. Lazzari, J.B.P. Lopes, R.C.F. Moura, H. Pasin Neto, L.V.F. Oliveira, C.S. Oliveira Source Type: research

Diffusion tensor imaging evaluation of neural network development in patients undergoing therapeutic repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation following stroke
Introduction: Motor function recovery in patients with stroke is considered to be largely due to plastic changes in the cerebral cortex. In the present study, we investigated plastic changes in cerebral white matter structures following a 15-day rehabilitation period using generalized fractional anisotropy (GFA) values.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: N. Yamada, R. Ueda, W. Kakuda, R. Momosaki, T. Kondo, T. Hara, A. Senoo, M. Abo Source Type: research

The role of the cerebellum on motor recovery following stroke
The cerebellum is a critical structure for motor control and learning. The cerebellum does not have direct connections to lower motor neurons. However, its extensive connections to distribute motor regions and its role on motor control make it a structure that plays an important role in motor function following cerebral lesions. In addition, due to the cerebellar involvement in motor learning it plays an important when learning how to compensate for motor deficits arising from stroke. Indeed, previous studies suggested that restoration of cerebellar activation following diaschisis is associated with overall recovery follow...
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: P. Celnik Source Type: research

MRI-compatible bilateral tDCS in rats: effects on functional connectivity in the sensorimotor network
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive brain stimulation technique that influences neuronal excitability through subthreshold direct current. Bilateral tDCS, with anodal and cathodal electrodes positioned bihemispherically over homologous regions, has shown therapeutic promise in post-stroke recovery. However, its influence on underlying brain structure and function remains unclear. Therefore, our goal was to establish an MRI-compatible rat tDCS model to investigate the effects of bilateral stimulation on brain network measures.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: D.J. Ardesch, J. Boonzaier, C.L. van Heiningen, G. van Vliet, S.F. Neggers, A. van der Toorn, R.M. Dijkhuizen Source Type: research

Intervention induced intra-cortical plasticity in hemiparetic children with perinatal stroke
Introduction: Clinical trials are demonstrating efficacy of intensive hand training and/or brain stimulation therapies in improving hand function in hemiparetic children with perinatal stroke. However, high variability in individual responsiveness exists and the underlying neuroplasticity mechanisms responsible are virtually unknown. The neurophysiology of motor cortex (M1) and how it changes with therapeutic neuromodulation may provide valuable biomarkers for advancing treatments, patient selection, and personalized medicine.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: H.C. Kuo, E. Zewdie, P. Ciechanski, A. Kirton Source Type: research

Effects of anodal HD-tDCS or low-frequency rTMS on ipsilateral and contralateral M1 excitability: A pilot study
In stroke neurorehabilitation, contralesional low frequency rTMS (LF-rTMS) or ipsilesional anodal tDCS (a-tDCS) are both employed to increase ipsilesional primary motor cortex (M1) excitability to counterbalance the effects of stroke on interhemispheric imbalance. The aim of this study was to directly compare the effects of LF-rTMS or a-tDCS on ipsilateral and contralateral M1 excitability and inhibition.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: V. Cabibel, J. Froger, M. Muthalib, S. Perrey Source Type: research

Effect of ipsilesional anodal tDCS with contralesional low-frequency rTMS for post-stroke motor impairment
Introduction: Noninvasive brain stimulation using the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) or the transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) were recently adopted for modulating motor function of stroke patients. We investigated the effect of simultaneous dual-mode stimulation applying low-frequency rTMS (LF-rTMS) over the contralesional primary motor cortex (M1) and anodal tDCS over the ipsilesional M1 compared with single LF-rTMS over the contralesional M1 for motor recovery in subacute stroke patients.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Y.-H. Kim, E. Park, J.-S. Lee, W.-H. Chang, A. Lee Source Type: research

Effects of low-frequency rTMS of the unaffected hemisphere in chronic stroke: a concomitant TMS and fMRI study
In this study, we compared the effects of a novel rTMS protocol over dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) with those of a canonical rTMS protocol over M1, on motor disorders in five chronic patients with right or left hemisphere lesions and upper and lower limb motor impairments.
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: A. Salatino, R. Morese, M. Daniele, A. Berti, P. Perozzo, M.T. Molo, P. Cerrato, M. Nobili, C. Valentini, R. Ricci Source Type: research

Promoting motor recovery in patients with stroke enhancing cerebellar cortical plasticity: a randomized double blinded controlled repetitive TMS trial
Introduction: The cerebellum is known to be strongly implicated in the functional reorganization of motor networks in stroke patients. In animal models of stroke it has been shown that stimulation of cerebellar-cortical networks plays a major role for motor recovery. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can be used to enhance adaptive processes and prevent those potentially maladaptive in stroke recovery. In this randomized, double blind, sham-controlled trial we investigated the efficacy of cerebellar intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) coupled with intensive physical therapy (PT) in promoting funct...
Source: BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation - February 15, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Francesco Di Lorenzo, Sonia Bonn ì, Elias P. Casula, Alex Martino Cinnera, Silvia Picazio, Viviana Ponzo, Carlo Caltagirone, Marco Iosa, Stefano Paolucci, Fabrizio Sallustio, Marco Bozzali, Giacomo Koch Source Type: research