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Total 234 results found since Jan 2013.

fMRI reveals info about visual conditions in stroke patients
Functional MRI (fMRI) reveals that a brain region in the superior temporal...Read more on AuntMinnie.comRelated Reading: fMRI explains facial expressions MRI spots white-matter changes in movement disorder patients fMRI helps explain social dysfunction with autism MR 'eye' studies offer glimpse into ocular movement, function MRI reveals how reading skills mature
Source: AuntMinnie.com Headlines - December 18, 2020 Category: Radiology Source Type: news

Sociodemographic and Clinical Profile of Patients Receiving Disability Certificates as per Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act 2016 for Psychiatric, Neurological, and Neurosurgical Disorders at Tertiary Care Centre
AbstractIn India, Rights of persons with disabilities (RPWD) Act 2016 recognizes 21 disabilities including 12 disabilities which were not present in Person with disabilities Act 1995. Disability certificate (DC) is necessary to avail benefits under the RPWD Act 2016. To study socio-demographic and clinical profile of patients who were issued DC as per RPWD Act 2016 for psychiatric, neurological, and neurosurgical disorders.  The study was carried out at National Institute for Mental Health and Neurological Sciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru. Socio-demographic and clinical details of patients who were issued DC for 2107 and 201...
Source: Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation and Mental Health - September 28, 2020 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Imaging the Neural Circuit Basis of Social Behavior: Insights from Mouse and Human Studies.
Authors: Miura I, Overton ETN, Nakai N, Kawamata T, Sato M, Takumi T Abstract Social behavior includes a variety of behaviors that are expressed between two or more individuals. In humans, impairment of social function (i.e., social behavior and social cognition) is seen in neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders including autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and stroke, respectively. In basic neuroscience research, fluorescence monitoring of neural activity, such as immediate early gene (IEG)-mediated whole-brain mapping, fiber photometry, and calcium imaging using a miniaturized head-mounted microscope or a two...
Source: Neurologia Medico-Chirurgica - September 1, 2020 Category: Neurosurgery Tags: Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) Source Type: research

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in the Study of Speech and Language Impairment Across the Life Span: A Systematic Review.
Conclusions Though it is not without inherent challenges, fNIRS may have advantages over other neuroimaging techniques in the areas of speech and language impairment. fNIRS has clinical applications that may lead to improved early and differential diagnosis, increase our understanding of response to treatment, improve neuroprosthetic functioning, and advance neurofeedback. PMID: 32640168 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology - July 7, 2020 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Authors: Butler LK, Kiran S, Tager-Flusberg H Tags: Am J Speech Lang Pathol Source Type: research

Effect of spectral overlays on visual parameters and reading ability: an integrative review
Conclusion: the effectiveness of overlays in improving reading quality is consistently demonstrated in the literature. The reviewed articles showed that the overlays ’ effect is more expressive when the visual stress is associated with conditions that present sensory alterations and cortical hyperactivity.RESUMO Objetivo: oferecer uma revis ão integrativa dos artigos indexados publicados de 2009 a 2019 sobre o efeito das lâminas espectrais (overlays) em parâmetros visuais e na habilidade de leitura. Métodos: utilizou-se a pesquisa de palavras-chave em sete bancos de dados. Foram excluídos registros duplicados, revis...
Source: Revista CEFAC - June 4, 2020 Category: Speech-Language Pathology Source Type: research

What have antidepressants been tested for? A systematic review.
CONCLUSIONS: Trials of antidepressants may be driven mainly by commercial interests, focusing on prevalent diseases and everyday problems. No one can live a full life without experiencing several of the problems for which these drugs were tested. Antidepressants, sometimes called happy pills, could be seen as the modern version of Aldous Huxley's soma pill intended to keep everyone happy in the "Brave New World". PMID: 32444565 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: International Journal of Risk and Safety in Medicine - May 25, 2020 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Int J Risk Saf Med Source Type: research

Do you hear what I hear? ECHO and autism
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is now estimated to occur in 1 of every 59 children in the US. The direct and indirect costs of caring for children and adults affected by ASD in 2015 dollars exceeded the cost of hypertension and stroke (Pediatrics 2020;145:e20193447). For these reasons and so many others, it is vital that general pediatricians and other primary care providers (PCPs) are able to recognize, screen, refer, and care for the many comorbidities that affect children and adolescents with ASD.
Source: The Journal of Pediatrics - May 21, 2020 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Jane Oski Tags: The Editors' Perspectives Source Type: research

Single mutation leads to big effects in autism-related gene
(NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) A new study in Neuron offers clues to why autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is more common in boys than in girls. National Institutes of Health scientists found that a single amino acid change in the NLGN4 gene, which has been linked to autism symptoms, may drive this difference in some cases. The study was conducted at NIH's National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS).
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - April 2, 2020 Category: International Medicine & Public Health Source Type: news

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes of Prenatal Preeclampsia Exposure.
Abstract Preeclampsia is a dangerous hypertensive disorder of pregnancy with known links to negative child health outcomes. Here, we review epidemiological and basic neuroscience work from the past several decades linking prenatal preeclampsia to altered neurodevelopment. This work demonstrates increased rates of neuropsychiatric disorders [e.g., increased autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)] in children of preeclamptic pregnancies, as well as increased rates of cognitive impairments [e.g., decreased intelligence quotient (IQ), academic performance] and neurological disease (e...
Source: Trends in Neurosciences - March 27, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Gumusoglu SB, Chilukuri ASS, Santillan DA, Santillan MK, Stevens HE Tags: Trends Neurosci Source Type: research

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Neurological Disorders
Conclusions: Preliminary literature suggests that FMT may be a promising treatment option for several neurological disorders. However, available evidence is still scanty and some contrasting results were observed. A limited number of studies in humans have been performed or are ongoing, while for some disorders only animal experiments have been conducted. Large double-blinded randomized controlled trials are needed to further elucidate the effect of FMT in neurological disorders.
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - March 23, 2020 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

How our brains create breathing rhythm is unique to every breath
Breathing propels everything we do, so its rhythm must be carefully organized by our brain cells, right?Wrong.Every breath we take arises from a disorderly group of neurons — each one like a soloist belting out its song before it unites with other neurons to harmonize on a fresh breath.That ’s the gist ofa UCLA study published March 3 in the online edition of  Neuron.“We were surprised to learn that how our brain cells work together to generate breathing rhythm is different every time we take a breath,” saidJack Feldman, the study ’s senior author, a professor of neurobiology at the David Geffen School of Medic...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - March 4, 2020 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Why is Music Therapeutic for Neurological Disorders? The Therapeutic Music Capacities Model
Publication date: Available online 9 February 2020Source: Neuroscience & Biobehavioral ReviewsAuthor(s): Olivia Brancatisano, Amee Baird, William Forde ThompsonAbstractMusic has cognitive, psychosocial, behavioral and motor benefits for people with neurological disorders such as dementia, stroke, Parkinson’s disease and Autism Spectrum Disorder. Here we discuss seven properties or ‘capacities’ of music that interact with brain function and contribute to its therapeutic value. Specifically, in its various forms, music can be engaging, emotional, physical, personal, social and persuasive, and it promotes synchronizatio...
Source: Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews - February 10, 2020 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

Prevalence and Diagnosis of Neurological Disorders Using Different Deep Learning Techniques: A  Meta-Analysis
This study confers the discipline, frameworks, and methodologies used by different deep learning techniques to diagnose different human neurological disorders. Here, one hundred and thirty-six different articles related to neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders diagnosed using different deep learning techniques are studied. The morbidity and mortality rate of major neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders has also bee n delineated. The performance and publication trend of different deep learning techniques employed in the investigation of these diseases has been examined and analyzed. Different performance metrics ...
Source: Journal of Medical Systems - January 3, 2020 Category: Information Technology Source Type: research

Psychostimulants/Atomoxetine and Serious Cardiovascular Events in Children with ADHD or Autism Spectrum Disorder
ConclusionUsing large US claims data, we found no evidence of increased SCV risk in children and adolescents with ADHD or ASD exposed to ADHD medications.
Source: CNS Drugs - November 24, 2019 Category: Neurology Source Type: research