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Total 234 results found since Jan 2013.

Electroencephalographic neurofeedback: Level of evidence in mental and brain disorders and suggestions for good clinical practice
Publication date: Available online 6 November 2015 Source:Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology Author(s): J.-A. Micoulaud-Franchi, A. McGonigal, R. Lopez, C. Daudet, I. Kotwas, F. Bartolomei The technique of electroencephalographic neurofeedback (EEG NF) emerged in the 1970s and is a technique that measures a subject's EEG signal, processes it in real time, extracts a parameter of interest and presents this information in visual or auditory form. The goal is to effectuate a behavioural modification by modulating brain activity. The EEG NF opens new therapeutic possibilities in the fields of psychiat...
Source: Neurophysiologie Clinique - November 10, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: research

MMP‐9 in Translation: From Molecule to Brain Physiology, Pathology and Therapy
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - November 3, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Behnam Vafadari, Ahmad Salamian, Leszek Kaczmarek Tags: Review Source Type: research

Cerebral Response to Peripheral Challenge with a Viral Mimetic.
Abstract It has been well established that peripheral inflammation resulting from microbial infections profoundly alters brain function. This review focuses on experimental systems that model cerebral effects of peripheral viral challenge. The most common models employ the induction of the acute phase response via intraperitoneal injection of a viral mimetic, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (PIC). The ensuing transient surge of blood-borne inflammatory mediators induces a "mirror" inflammatory response in the brain characterized by the upregulated expression of a plethora of genes encoding cytokines, chemokines an...
Source: Neurochemical Research - November 2, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Konat G Tags: Neurochem Res Source Type: research

Study in mice shows how brain ignores distractions
In a study of mice, scientists discovered that a brain region called the thalamus may be critical for filtering out distractions. The study, published in Nature and partially funded by the National Institutes of Health, paves the way to understanding how defects in the thalamus might underlie symptoms seen in patients with autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and schizophrenia.
Source: NINDS Press Releases and News: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - October 21, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: news

Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Inhibitors - emerging roles in neuronal memory, learning, synaptic plasticity and neural regeneration.
Abstract Epigenetic regulation of neuronal signalling through histone acetylation dictates transcription programs that govern neuronal memory, plasticity and learning paradigms. Histone Acetyl Transferases (HATs) and Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) are antagonistic enzymes that regulate gene expression through acetylation and deacetylation of histone proteins around which DNA is wrapped inside a eukaryotic cell nucleus. The epigenetic control of HDACs and the cellular imbalance between HATs and HDACs dictate disease states and have been implicated in muscular dystrophy, loss of memory, neurodegeneration and autistic ...
Source: Current Neuropharmacology - October 21, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ganai SA, Ramadoss M, Mahadevan V Tags: Curr Neuropharmacol Source Type: research

Autism in the Son of a Woman with Mitochondrial Myopathy and Dysautonomia: A Case Report
Conclusion Given emerging evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction, particularly in the electron transport chain needed for cellular energy production, is an underlying pathophysiological mechanism for some varieties of ASD, clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for mitochondrial disease, especially when they encounter a patient with unusual neurological or constitutional symptoms. The prevalence of mitochondrial disease in ASD patients may be as high as five percent, which means that it is not the “zebra”[27] diagnosis that it might be in a non-ASD patient, where prevalence is about 0.01 percent.10 Reference...
Source: Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience - October 9, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Authors: ICN Online Editor Tags: Anxiety Disorders Asperger's syndrome Autism Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology Case Report Current Issue Intellectual Disability Neurologic Systems and Symptoms Pervasive Developmental Disorders ASD autism spectrum disorder dysauton Source Type: research

Autism Spectrum Disorder
Autism information sheet compiled by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS).
Source: NINDS Disorders: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - October 7, 2015 Category: Neurology Source Type: research

CNS remyelination as a novel reparative approach to neurodegenerative diseases: the roles of purinergic signalling and the P2Y-like receptor GPR17.
Abstract Oligodendrocytes are the myelin-forming cells in the CNS. They enwrap axons, thus permitting fast impulse transmission and exerting trophic actions on neurons. Demyelination accompanied by neurological deficit is a rather frequent condition that is not only associated with multiple sclerosis but has been also recognized in several other neurodegenerative diseases, including brain trauma and stroke, Alzheimer's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Recently, alterations of myelin function have been also reported in neuropsychiatric diseases, like depression and autism. Highly relevant for therapeutic ...
Source: Neuropharmacology - October 7, 2015 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Fumagalli M, Lecca D, Abbracchio MP Tags: Neuropharmacology Source Type: research

Sex differences in neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders: Focus on microglial function and neuroinflammation during development
Publication date: Available online 2 October 2015 Source:The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Author(s): Richa Hanamsagara, Staci D. Bilbob Several neurological conditions are associated with sex differences in prevalence or outcome. For example, autism predominantly affects boys, depression is more common in women, Parkinson's disease more common in men, and Multiple sclerosis in women. In the case of stroke, women have a less favorable outcome and suffer from a more precipitous drop in health status compared to men. As a result, treatment of such diseases is difficult and yields variable results....
Source: The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology - October 3, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Can Pet Affection Improve Heart Health?
by Mimi O' Connor An energetic-looking young woman came bouncing down the aisle of the airplane so quickly that I barely had time to read the message on her T-shirt before she plopped down in the seat next to me. It read in bold letters "I LOVE ANIMALS," and underneath in smaller italics, "humans not so much." Being an animal lover myself, her shirt made me smile. I felt compelled to ask her about it. She told me that she was a veterinary medicine student and has cared for an expansive menagerie of critters since she was a little girl. My exposure to animals was modest by comparison. I've lived with and loved just two dogs...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - September 29, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

The health status of adults on the autism spectrum
The objective of this study was to describe the frequency of psychiatric and medical conditions among a large, diverse, insured population of adults with autism in the United States. Participants were adult members of Kaiser Permanente Northern California enrolled from 2008 to 2012. Autism spectrum disorder cases (N = 1507) were adults with autism spectrum disorder diagnoses (International Classification of Diseases-9-Clinical Modification codes 299.0, 299.8, 299.9) recorded in medical records on at least two separate occasions. Controls (N = 15,070) were adults without any autism spectrum disorder diagnoses sampled at a 1...
Source: Autism - September 22, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Croen, L. A., Zerbo, O., Qian, Y., Massolo, M. L., Rich, S., Sidney, S., Kripke, C. Tags: Special Issue Articles Source Type: research

Bilateral Uterine Artery Ligation (BUAL): Placental Insufficiency Causing Fetal Growth Restriction and Cerebral Palsy
Placental insufficiency is the leading cause of intrauterine growth restriction in the western world. The fetus, when exposed to a compromised environment, is vulnerable to a number of disorders later in life, as a consequence of the reduction in oxygen and nutrition during gestation and the resulting fetal growth restriction. These conditions include neurological disabilities such as cerebral palsy (CP), intellectual disability, epilepsy, and mental health issues in childhood (Autism and ADHD) and in later life (schizophrenia). Certainly, fetal growth restriction as a result of placental insufficiency has been strongly as...
Source: Springer protocols feed by Neuroscience - September 21, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Source Type: news

Autism Costs May Reach $1 Trillion by 2025
The current costs of ASD are more than double combined costs of stroke and hypertension and on par with costs of diabetes
Source: Disabled World - July 28, 2015 Category: Disability Tags: Autism Source Type: news

Brief Report: Forecasting the Economic Burden of Autism in 2015 and 2025 in the United States.
Abstract Few US estimates of the economic burden of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are available and none provide estimates for 2015 and 2025. We forecast annual direct medical, direct non-medical, and productivity costs combined will be $268 billion (range $162-$367 billion; 0.884-2.009 % of GDP) for 2015 and $461 billion (range $276-$1011 billion; 0.982-3.600 % of GDP) for 2025. These 2015 figures are on a par with recent estimates for diabetes and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and exceed the costs of stroke and hypertension. If the prevalence of ASD continues to grow as it has in recent...
Source: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders - July 17, 2015 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Leigh JP, Du J Tags: J Autism Dev Disord Source Type: research